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Condition: Epilepsy

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Total 35 results found since Jan 2013.

Processing mechanism of guanidinoacetate in choroid plexus epithelial cells: conversion of guanidinoacetate to creatine via guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase and monocarboxylate transporter 12-mediated creatine release into the CSF
ConclusionsIn CPxEpic, GAA is metabolized to creatine via GAMT. Biosynthesized creatine is then released into the CSF via MCT12 and supplied to the brain parenchyma.
Source: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS - June 3, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Valproic acid decreases vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via protein phosphatase 2A-mediated p70 S6 kinase inhibition
In conclusion, our results demonstrate that VPA decreased cell proliferation via PP2A-mediated inhibition of p-p70S6K-Thr389 in basal and PDGF-stimulated VSMCs. The results suggest that VPA could be used in the treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis and in-stent restenosis.PMID:35339758 | DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.100
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - March 27, 2022 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hansol Lee Yun-Jin Hwang Jung-Hyun Park Du-Hyong Cho Source Type: research

Inhibition of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) Mitigates Seizures
The objective of this study was to investigate the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) in 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-induced seizures and the underlying mechanism. We also provide evidence for the role of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in seizures. 4-AP was administered to mice or primary cultured astrocytes. YAP-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) was administered to primary cultured astrocytes. Mouse brain tissue and surgical specimens from epileptic patient brains were examined, and the results showed that TRPV4 was upregulated, while astrocytes were activated and polarized to the A1 phenotype. The lev...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - February 18, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Inhibition of miR-134-5p protects against kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity through Sirt3-mediated preservation of mitochondrial function
In conclusion, this research highly suggests that inhibition of miR-134-5p could protect neurons from KA-induced excitotoxicity through Sirt3-mediated preservation of mitochondrial function.PMID:34273723 | DOI:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2021.106722
Source: Cell Research - July 17, 2021 Category: Cytology Authors: Wei Lin Xiao Qian Li-Kun Yang Jie Zhu Dan Wang Chun-Hua Hang Yuhai Wang Tao Chen Source Type: research

High-Content Drug Discovery Screening of Endocytosis Pathways.
We describe this method in detail and provide a range of troubleshooting options and alternatives to modify the protocol for lab-specific applications. PMID: 33222128 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Mol Biol Cell - November 24, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Cardoso DA, Chau N, Robinson PJ Tags: Methods Mol Biol Source Type: research

Cellular uptake properties of lamotrigine in human placental cell lines: Investigation of involvement of organic cation transporters (SLC22A1-5).
Authors: Hasegawa N, Furugen A, Ono K, Koishikawa M, Miyazawa Y, Nishimura A, Umazume T, Narumi K, Kobayashi M, Iseki K Abstract Lamotrigine (LTG) is an important antiepileptic drug for the treatment of seizures in pregnant women with epilepsy. However, it is not known if the transport of LTG into placental cells occurs via a carrier-mediated pathway. The aim of this study was to investigate the uptake properties of LTG into placental cell lines (BeWo and JEG-3), and to determine the involvement of organic cation transporters (OCTs, SLC22A1-3) and organic cation/carnitine transporter (OCTNs, SLC22A4-5) in the uptak...
Source: Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics - April 20, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Drug Metab Pharmacokinet Source Type: research

SAD-B modulates epileptic seizure by regulating AMPA receptors in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and in the PTZ-induced epileptic model.
Authors: Li R, He M, Wu B, Zhang P, Zhang Q, Chen Y Abstract α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors are the predominant mediators of glutamate-induced excitatory neurotransmission. It is widely accepted that AMPA receptors are critical for the generation and spread of epileptic seizure activity. Dysfunction of AMPA receptors as a causal factor in patients with intractable epilepsy results in neurotransmission failure. Brain-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (SAD-B), a serine-threonine kinase specifically expressed in the brain, has been shown to regulate AMPA receptor-mediat...
Source: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research - April 9, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Braz J Med Biol Res Source Type: research

Fyn gene silencing reduces oligodendrocytes apoptosis through inhibiting ERK1/2 phosphorylation in epilepsy.
In conclusion, Fyn gene silencing reduced the apoptosis of OLs through inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in epileptic model. PMID: 31852295 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine and Biotechnology - December 21, 2019 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol Source Type: research

MicroRNA-27a-3p Downregulation Inhibits Inflammatory Response and Hippocampal Neuronal Cell Apoptosis by Upregulating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 4 (MAP2K4) Expression in Epilepsy: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies.
CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary findings indicated that miR-27a-3p inhibitor protected against epilepsy-induced inflammatory response and hippocampal neuronal apoptosis by targeting MAP2K4. PMID: 31710596 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - November 12, 2019 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

Involvement of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha in the upregulation of P-glycoprotein in refractory epilepsy
To explore the involvement of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) in the upregulation of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in refractory epilepsy. Brain tissue specimens were collected and analyzed for expression of HIF-1α and P-gp using an immunohistochemical (IHC) staining method in both refractory epilepsy group and control group. Correlation between HIF-1α and P-gp expression level in refractory epilepsy group was analyzed. Then, a hypoxia cell model was established by simulating the nerve cell hypoxic microenvironment in the human U251 cell line using cobalt chloride (CoCl2). Western blot analysis was used to detect expr...
Source: NeuroReport - November 6, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research

Downregulation of microRNA-200c-3p reduces damage of hippocampal neurons in epileptic rats by upregulating expression of RECK and inactivating the AKT signaling pathway.
CONCLUSION: Our study provides evidence that downregulation of miR-200c-3p reduces damage of hippocampal neurons in epileptic rats by upregulating RECK and inactivating the AKT signaling pathway. PMID: 31018114 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - June 28, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Du Y, Chi X, An W Tags: Chem Biol Interact Source Type: research