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Condition: Mitochondrial Disease

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Total 454 results found since Jan 2013.

Qiliqiangxin attenuates hypoxia-induced injury in primary rat  cardiac microvascular endothelial cells via promoting HIF-1α-dependent glycolysis.
In this study, we investigated the effects of qiliqiangxin (QL) on primary rat CMECs exposed to hypoxia and the underlying mechanisms. Rat CMECs were successfully isolated and passaged to the second generation. CMECs that were pre-treated with QL (0.5 mg/mL) and/or HIF-1α siRNA were cultured in a three-gas hypoxic incubator chamber (5% CO2 , 1% O2 , 94% N2 ) for 12 hours. Firstly, we demonstrated that compared with hypoxia group, QL effectively promoted the proliferation while attenuated the apoptosis, improved mitochondrial function and reduced ROS generation in hypoxic CMECs in a HIF-1α-dependent manner. Meanwhile, Q...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - March 4, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wang Y, Han X, Fu M, Wang J, Song Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhou J, Ge J Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Albumin Overload and PINK1/Parkin Signaling-Related Mitophagy in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells.
CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our study suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction activates the PINK1/Parkin signaling and mitophagy in renal tubular epithelial cells under albumin overload condition. PMID: 29494565 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - March 2, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

Epigenetic Dysregulation of the Drp1 Binding Partners MiD49 and MiD51 Increases Mitotic Mitochondrial Fission and Promotes Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Implications.
Conclusions -In health, MiDs regulate Drp1-mediated fission whilst in disease, epigenetic upregulation of MiDs increases mitotic fission, which drives pathologic proliferation and apoptosis resistance. The miR-34a-3p-MiD pathway offers new therapeutic targets for PAH. PMID: 29431643 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - February 5, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chen KH, Dasgupta A, Lin J, Potus F, Bonnet S, Iremonger J, Fu J, Mewburn J, Wu D, Dunham-Snary K, Theilmann AL, Jing ZC, Hindmarch C, Ormiston ML, Lawrie A, Archer SL Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Role of the Ca2+-Calcineurin-Nuclear Factor of Activated T cell Pathway in Mitofusin-2-Mediated Immune Function of Jurkat Cells.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that MFN2 may regulate T cell immune functions primarily through the Ca2+-calcineurin-NFAT pathway. MFN2 may represent a potential therapeutic target for T cell immune dysfunction-related diseases. PMID: 29363649 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Chinese Medical Journal - January 26, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Xu XP, Yao YM, Zhao GJ, Wu ZS, Li JC, Jiang YL, Lu ZQ, Hong GL Tags: Chin Med J (Engl) Source Type: research

The ubiquitin E3 ligase CHIP promotes proteasomal degradation of the serine/threonine protein kinase PINK1 during staurosporine-induced cell death Cell Biology
In this study, we demonstrate that the ubiquitin E3 ligase carboxyl terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP) promotes PINK1 ubiquitination and decreases its steady-state levels. Moreover, PINK1 levels were strongly reduced in HEK293 and SH-SY5Y cells exposed to the apoptosis-inducer staurosporine. Of note, we found that this reduction resulted from CHIP-mediated PINK1 ubiquitination. Accordingly, siRNA-mediated CHIP knockdown reduced susceptibility to staurosporine-induced cell death. Taken together, these findings suggest that CHIP plays a role in negative regulation of PINK1 stability and may suppress PINK1's cytopro...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 26, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Lang Yoo, Kwang Chul Chung Tags: Protein Synthesis and Degradation Source Type: research

Protective effect of HSP27 in atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease by inhibiting reactive oxygen species
Conclusion: HSP27 exerts its protective role by suppressing ROS and AS progression through inhibiting mitochondria apoptosis pathway in CHD. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - December 12, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hongli Zhang, Kaiying Jia, Da Sun, Min Yang Tags: Article Source Type: research

Lactate-mediated mitoribosomal defects impair mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and promote hepatoma cell invasiveness Gene Regulation
Impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity, accompanied by enhanced glycolysis, is a key metabolic feature of cancer cells, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Previously, we reported that human hepatoma cells that harbor OXPHOS defects exhibit high tumor cell invasiveness via elevated claudin-1 (CLN1). In the present study, we show that OXPHOS-defective hepatoma cells (SNU354 and SNU423 cell lines) exhibit reduced expression of mitochondrial ribosomal protein L13 (MRPL13), a mitochondrial ribosome (mitoribosome) subunit, suggesting a ribosomal defect. Specific inhibition of mitoribosomal ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - December 8, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Young-Kyoung Lee, Jin J. Lim, Un-woo Jeoun, Seongki Min, Eun-beom Lee, So Mee Kwon, Changhan Lee, Gyesoon Yoon Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

Overexpression of sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase protects insulin-secreting cells against cytokine toxicity Metabolism
In conclusion, the relatively low endogenous Spl expression level in insulin-secreting cells contributes to their extraordinary vulnerability to proinflammatory cytokine toxicity and may therefore represent a promising target for β-cell protection in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - December 8, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Claudine Hahn, Karolina Tyka, Julie D. Saba, Sigurd Lenzen, Ewa Gurgul-Convey Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

Bavachin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial regulated ER stress pathway in HepG2 cells.
Abstract As a traditional herbal medicine, the fruits of Psoralea corylifolia L. (FP) have been widely used for the treatment of various skin diseases for hundred years. Recently, the emerging FP-induced toxic effects, especially hepatotoxicity, in clinic are getting the public's attention. However, its exact toxic components and mechanisms underlying remain unclear. Bavachin, one of flavonoids in FP, has been documented as a hepatotoxic substance, and the present study aimed to determine the toxicity caused by bavachin and the possible toxic mechanisms involved using HepG2 cells. Our results showed that bavachin ...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - November 29, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yang Y, Tang X, Hao F, Ma Z, Wang Y, Wang L, Gao Y Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

Strategies for imaging mitophagy in high-resolution and high-throughput.
We describe two approaches for measuring mitophagy in mammalian cells using stable cells expressing EGFP-LC3 - Mito-DsRed to mark early phase of mitophagy and Mitochondria-EGFP - LAMP1-RFP stable cells for late events of mitophagy. Both the assays showed good spatial and temporal resolution in wide-field, confocal and super-resolution microscopy with high-throughput adaptable capability. A limited compound screening allowed us to identify a few new mitophagy inducers. Compared to the current mitophagy tools, mito-Keima or mito-QC, the assay described here determines the direct delivery of mitochondrial components to the ly...
Source: European Journal of Cell Biology - October 27, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Indira D, Varadarajan SN, Subhasingh Lupitha S, Lekshmi A, Mathew KA, Chandrasekharan A, Rajappan Pillai P, Pulikkal Kadamberi I, Ramachandran I, Sekar H, Kochucherukkan Gopalakrishnan A, Tr S Tags: Eur J Cell Biol Source Type: research

Nrf2 Signaling Pathway Mediates the Antioxidative Effects of Taurine Against Corticosterone-Induced Cell Death in HUMAN SK-N-SH Cells.
Abstract Substantial evidence has shown that elevated circulating corticosteroids or chronic stress contributes to neuronal cell death, cognitive and mental disorders. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Taurine is considered to protect neuronal cells from apoptotic cell death in neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders. In the present study, the protective effects of taurine against corticosterone (CORT)-induced oxidative damage in SK-N-SH neuronal cells were investigated. The results showed that CORT significantly induced cell death, which was blocked by pretreatment with taurine...
Source: Neurochemical Research - October 23, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sun Q, Jia N, Yang J, Chen G Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling is essential for mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy in cancer cells Metabolism
Mitochondrial activity and metabolic reprogramming influence the phenotype of cancer cells and resistance to targeted therapy. We previously established that an insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)-inducible mitochondrial UTP carrier (PNC1/SLC25A33) promotes cell growth. This prompted us to investigate whether IGF signaling is essential for mitochondrial maintenance in cancer cells and whether this contributes to therapy resistance. Here we show that IGF-1 stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis in a range of cell lines. In MCF-7 and ZR75.1 breast cancer cells, IGF-1 induces peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ coac...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - October 13, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Amy Lyons, Michael Coleman, Sarah Riis, Cedric Favre, Ciara H. O'Flanagan, Alexander V. Zhdanov, Dmitri B. Papkovsky, Stephen D. Hursting, Rosemary O'Connor Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

TNF α affects CREB-mediated neuroprotective signaling pathways of synaptic plasticity in neurons as revealed by proteomics and phospho-proteomics.
TNFα affects CREB-mediated neuroprotective signaling pathways of synaptic plasticity in neurons as revealed by proteomics and phospho-proteomics. Oncotarget. 2017 Sep 01;8(36):60223-60242 Authors: Jensen P, Myhre CL, Lassen PS, Metaxas A, Khan AM, Lambertsen KL, Babcock AA, Finsen B, Larsen MR, Kempf SJ Abstract Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and TNFα as the main inducer of neuroinflammation has neurodegenerative but also pro-regenerative properties, however, the dose-dependent molecular changes on signaling pathway level are not fully understood. We performed quantitative pro...
Source: Oncotarget - September 29, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

The 2-oxoglutarate carrier promotes liver cancer by sustaining mitochondrial GSH despite cholesterol loading
Publication date: April 2018 Source:Redox Biology, Volume 14 Author(s): Anna Baulies, Joan Montero, Nuria Matías, Naroa Insausti, Oihana Terrones, Gorka Basañez, Carmen Vallejo, Laura Conde de La Rosa, Laura Martinez, David Robles, Albert Morales, Joaquin Abian, Montserrat Carrascal, Keigo Machida, Dinesh B.U. Kumar, Hidekazu Tsukamoto, Neil Kaplowitz, Carmen Garcia-Ruiz, José C. Fernández-Checa Cancer cells exhibit mitochondrial cholesterol (mt-cholesterol) accumulation, which contributes to cell death resistance by antagonizing mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) permeabilization. Hepatocellular mt-cholesterol loadin...
Source: Redox Biology - September 28, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The Metabolic and Proliferative State of Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts in Pulmonary Hypertension is Regulated through a MiR-124/PTBP1/PKM Axis.
Conclusions -In PH, miR-124, through the alternative splicing factor PTBP1, regulates the PKM2/PKM1 ratio, the overall metabolic, proliferative and inflammatory state of cells. This PH phenotype can be rescued with interventions at various levels of the metabolic cascade. These findings suggest a more integrated view of vascular cell metabolism, which may open unique therapeutic prospects in targeting the dynamic glycolytic and mitochondrial interactions and between mesenchymal inflammatory cells in PH. PMID: 28972001 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - September 26, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zhang H, Wang D, Li M, Plecitá-Hlavatá L, D'Alessandro A, Tauber J, Riddle S, Kumar S, Flockton AR, McKeon BA, Frid MG, Reisz JA, Caruso P, El Kasmi KC, Ježek P, Morrell NW, Hu CJ, Stenmark KR Tags: Circulation Source Type: research