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Cancer: Medulloblastoma

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Total 40 results found since Jan 2013.

Primary microcephaly gene CENPE is a novel biomarker and potential therapeutic target for non-WNT/non-SHH medulloblastoma
ConclusionThe expression of CENPE in non-WNT/non-SHH MB was positively correlated with poor prognosis. CENPE may affect tumor progression by regulating cell cycle, p53 pathway, and immune infiltration. Hence, CENPE is highly likely a novel biomarker and potential therapeutic target for non-WNT/non-SHH MB.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - August 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Effects of metformin on Sonic hedgehog subgroup medulloblastoma progression: In vitro and in vivo studies
Metformin is a first-line drug for type 2 diabetes, and its anticancer effects have also been widely studied in recent years. The Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway is involved in the initiation and progression of medulloblastoma. In order to develop a new treatment strategy for medulloblastoma (MB), this study investigated the inhibitory effect of metformin on MB and the underlying mechanism of metformin on the Shh signaling pathway. The effect of metformin on proliferation was evaluated by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) test and colony formation experiment. The effect of metformin on metastasis was assessed by the s...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - October 7, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

EZH2 as a new therapeutic target in brain tumors: Molecular landscape, therapeutic targeting and future prospects
Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Dec 11;146:112532. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112532. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBrain tumors are responsible for high mortality and morbidity worldwide. The brain tumor treatment depends on identification of molecular pathways involved in progression and malignancy. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has obtained much attention in recent years in field of cancer therapy due to its aberrant expression and capacity in modulating expression of genes by binding to their promoter and affecting methylation status. The present review focuses on EZH2 signaling in brain tumors including glioma, gliobla...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - December 15, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh Atefeh Mehrabi Mohammad Hossein Gholami Amirhossein Zabolian Ehsan Ranjbar Hossein Saleki Adnan Ranjbar Mehrdad Hashemi Yavuz Nuri Ertas Kiavash Hushmandi Sepideh Mirzaei Milad Ashrafizadeh Ali Zarrabi Saeed Samarghandian Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 3781: Novel Thiosemicarbazones Sensitize Pediatric Solid Tumor Cell-Types to Conventional Chemotherapeutics through Multiple Molecular Mechanisms
We examined the effects of combining the novel thiosemicarbazones, di-2-pyridylketone 4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (DpC), or its analog, di-2-pyridylketone-4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp44mT), with the standard chemotherapies, celecoxib (CX), etoposide (ETO), or temozolomide (TMZ). These combinations were analyzed for synergism to inhibit proliferation of three pediatric tumor cell-types, namely osteosarcoma (Saos-2), medulloblastoma (Daoy) and neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y). In terms of mechanistic dissection, this study discovered novel thiosemicarbazone targets not previously identified and which are importa...
Source: Cancers - December 15, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Silvia Paukovcekova Jan Skoda Jakub Neradil Erika Mikulenkova Petr Chlapek Jaroslav Sterba Des R. Richardson Renata Veselska Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 542: CITK Loss Inhibits Growth of Group 3 and Group 4 Medulloblastoma Cells and Sensitizes Them to DNA-Damaging Agents
llis Di C.o Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor in children, and it is classified into four biological subgroups: WNT, Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), Group 3 and Group 4. The current treatment is surgery, followed by irradiation and chemotherapy. Unfortunately, these therapies are only partially effective. Citron kinase protein (CITK) has been proposed as a promising target for SHH MB, whose inactivation leads to DNA damage and apoptosis. D283 and D341 cell lines (Group 3/Group 4 MB) were silenced with established siRNA sequences against CITK, to assess the direct effects of its loss. Next, D283, D...
Source: Cancers - February 25, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pallavicini Iegiani Berto Calamia Trevisiol Veltri Allis Di Cunto Tags: Article Source Type: research

High-Throughput Characterization of Viral and Cellular Protein Expression Patterns During JC Polyomavirus Infection
Discussion The study of viral infections in vitro has provided innumerable advances to the field of virology. However, the lack of rapid and efficient screening tools has hindered research progress for some viruses, like JCPyV (Houff et al., 1983; Zu Rhein, 1983; Assetta and Atwood, 2017). To overcome this challenge, the development of high-throughput analyses is needed to help aid in the production of large data sets and generation of multiple lines of inquiry. Current methodologies for analyzing JCPyV infectivity predominantly rely on manual quantitation of infection by indirect immunodetection of viral proteins by epif...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Hedgehog signaling negatively co-regulates BH3-only protein Noxa and TAp73 in TP53-mutated cells
In the present study, we show that pharmacological repression by the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitor (HPI) GANT61 induces expression of the proapoptotic protein Noxa in TP53-mutated embryonal pediatric tumor cells driven by Hh signaling (i.e. rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and medulloblastoma (MB)). Similarly, genetic silencing of Gli1 by siRNA causes increased Noxa mRNA and protein levels, while overexpression of Gli1 results in decreased Noxa expression. Furthermore, TAp73 mRNA and protein levels are increased upon Gli1 knockdown, while Gli1 overexpression reduces TAp73 mRNA and protein levels.
Source: Cancer Letters - April 24, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Michael Torsten Meister, Cathinka Boedicker, Thomas Klingebiel, Simone Fulda Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

GSE113353 DAOY-NERT2 Notch/Hypoxia Transcriptome Analysis
In conclusion, our data show that Notch signaling affects the hypoxic response via regulation of HIF2a, which may be important for future cancer therapies.
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - April 19, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing Homo sapiens Source Type: research

β-Catenin Cooperates with CREB Binding Protein to Promote the Growth of Tumor Cells
Conclusions: Our study has provided new evidence for the role of β-catenin in promoting the growth of lung cancer cells through cooperation with CBP, and suggested that dual targeting of β-catenin and CBP could be a potential therapeutic strategy in lung cancer treatment.Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:467 –478
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - November 15, 2017 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

HPI/AMF inhibition halts the development of the aggressive phenotype of breast cancer stem cells
Publication date: Available online 23 June 2017 Source:Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research Author(s): Juan Carlos Gallardo-Pérez, Alhelí Adán-Ladrón de Guevara, Alvaro Marín-Hernández, Rafael Moreno-Sánchez, Sara Rodríguez-Enríquez Cancer stem cells are responsible for tumor recurrence and metastasis. A new highly reproducible procedure for human breast cancer MCF-7 stem cells (BCSC) isolation and selection was developed by using a combination of hypoxia/hypoglycemia plus taxol and adriamycin for 24h. The BCSC enriched fraction (i) expressed (2–15 times) the typical stemness protein ma...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Cell Research - June 23, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Silencing of DNA repair sensitizes pediatric brain tumor cells to γ-irradiation using gold nanoparticles
We present a nanoparticle (NP)-mediated delivery vehicle that effectively carries and protects siRNA in pediatric ependymoma (EP) and medulloblastoma (MB) cells. The delivery vehicle consists of gold NPs coated with a polymeric shell comprising polyethylene glycol (PG), chitosan and polyethyleneimine (Au-CP-PEI). NPs loaded with siRNA knocked down Ape1 expression by over 75% in both MB and EP cells. Further, this reduction in Ape1 expression is associated with an increase in DNA damage after irradiation. The results indicate that NP-associated delivery of siApe1 is a feasible approach to circumventing pediatric brain tumor...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - May 11, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Silencing of DNA repair sensitizes pediatric brain tumor cells to ɣ-irradiation using gold nanoparticles
We present a nanoparticle (NP)-mediated delivery vehicle that effectively carries and protects siRNA in pediatric ependymoma (EP) and medulloblastoma (MB) cells. The delivery vehicle consists of gold NPs coated with a polymeric shell comprising polyethylene glycol (PG), chitosan and polyethyleneimine (Au-CP-PEI). NPs loaded with siRNA knocked down Ape1 expression by over 75% in both MB and EP cells. Further, this reduction in Ape1 expression is associated with an increase in DNA damage after irradiation. The results indicate that NP-associated delivery of siApe1 is a feasible approach to circumventing pediatric brain tumor...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - April 28, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

PDTB-15. Bcl-XL AS A RADIOSENSITIZER IN THE TREATMENT OF GROUP 3 MEDULLOBLASTOMA
Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. Although significant progress has been made in the treatment of medulloblastoma patients over the past several decades, the five-year disease-free survival for high-risk patients, characterized by metastatic dissemination at presentation or significant post-operative residual tumor, remains relatively poor (25-40%). Group 3 medulloblastoma has by far the worst prognosis with a 5-year survival probability of approximately 30% regardless of stage. Current therapeutic modalities, in particular ionizing radiation (IR), have significant long-term side-effe...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ruggieri, M., Kelley, K., Powell, C., Navati, M., Chakraborty, S., Wright, A., Remke, M., Friedman, J., Symons, M. Tags: PEDIATRIC TUMORS - PRECLINICAL STUDIES (NON-IMMUNOLOGICAL) Source Type: research