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Abstract A10: Functional characterization of Ewing's sarcoma susceptibility loci
Conclusions: In synopsis, our data indicate that the previously identified ES susceptibility regions and candidate genes may play a prominent role in ES pathobiology. Citation Format: Thomas Grunewald, Marie-Ming Aynaud, Franck Tirode, Eleni Tomazou, Didier Surdez, Thomas Rio Frio, Virginie Bernard, Virginie Raynal, Carlo Lucchesi, Gaelle Pierron, Pascale Gilardi-Hebenstreit, Patrick Charnay, Heinrich Kovar, Olivier Delattre. Functional characterization of Ewing's sarcoma susceptibility loci. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pediatric Cancer at the Crossroads: Translating Discovery into Improve...
Source: Cancer Research - October 9, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Grunewald, T., Aynaud, M.-M., Tirode, F., Tomazou, E., Surdez, D., Frio, T. R., Bernard, V., Raynal, V., Lucchesi, C., Pierron, G., Gilardi-Hebenstreit, P., Charnay, P., Kovar, H., Delattre, O. Tags: Genetic Predisposition to Pediatric Cancers Source Type: research

PAX8 expression is associated with SHH/WNT subtypes, desmoplastic histology and patient survival in human medulloblastomas
ConclusionIn summary, high PAX8 expression is linked to better prognosis in medulloblastomas potentially by suppressing both proliferative and migratory properties of MB cells. The distinct spatio‐temporal expression pattern of PAX8 during brain development might contribute to the understanding of distinct MB subtype histogenesis.
Source: Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology - October 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Patrick N. Harter, Peter Baumgarten, Jenny Zinke, Karl Schilling, Stefan Baader, Ann‐Kathrin Hartmetz, Jens Schittenhelm, Rudi Beschorner, Stefan Liebner, Dorothea Schulte, Karl‐Heinz Plate, Paul Gutwein, Andrey Korshunov, Stefan M. Pfister, David T. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Abstract 3107: The role of LIN28 in atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) pathogenesis
Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a highly malignant brain tumor developing almost exclusively in children. It belongs to the embryonal brain tumor group which consists of primitive tumors recapitulating early embryogenesis of nervous system. It is known that loss of INI protein expression is the hallmark of ATRT pathogenesis. LIN28 is a key gene in embryonic development and maintenance of pluripotency in stem cells. Considering the primitive nature and young age onset of ATRT, LIN28 may be an important co-player in ATRT pathogenesis. We explored the expression and functional role of LIN28 in ATRT. In tumor tissue...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Phi, J. H., Choi, S. A., Kim, Y. H., Kim, Y.-H., Park, C.-K., Wang, K.-C., Kim, S.-K. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 3975: PID1, a new growth-inhibitory gene, sensitizes brain tumor cell lines to chemotherapy
CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that PID1 acts to sensitize glioma and medulloblastoma cells to chemotherapy, possibly explaining the correlation between higher PID1 mRNA and survival in patients. Citation Format: Jingying Xu, Xiuhai Ren, Anthony Tran, Gregory M. Shackleford, Anat Erdreich-Epstein. PID1, a new growth-inhibitory gene, sensitizes brain tumor cell lines to chemotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3975. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3975
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Xu, J., Ren, X., Tran, A., Shackleford, G. M., Erdreich-Epstein, A. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 3458: Role of the EphB1 gene in mediating migration, proliferation, and radiosensitization of medulloblastoma cells
Eph/ephrin signaling in a variety of cancers has been reported to promote aspects of tumorigenesis, including proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. Medulloblastoma is an aggressive primitive neuroectodermal tumor originating in the cerebellum. Recently performed integrative genomic approach to a large cohort of medulloblastomas has identified four subtypes (A-D) based on clinical presentation, transcription profiles, genetic abnormalities, and clinical outcome. We show high levels of EphB1 expression in tumors derived from children with group D medulloblastomas, which are known to exhibit a poorer response to current...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Baig*, N. A., Timofeeva*, O., Dritschilo, A., Pasquale, E., Kool, M., Rood, B., Rodriguez, O., Albanese^, C., Karam^, S. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract LB-207: mTORC2/Akt signaling is modulated by noncanonical mitochondrial Notch1/PINK1 interaction in myc-amplified medulloblastoma tumorigenesis
Medulloblastoma is known to be the most malignant pediatric brain tumor. The armamentarium of targeted therapies to currently treat medulloblastoma and similar pediatric central nervous system malignancies is extremely limited, often necessitating the need to combat such tumors with modified regimens of therapeutic options designed originally to target adult neoplasms. Given such limited therapies, a budding focus on the role of mitochondrial dysregulation in the tumorigenesis of such pathologies merits consideration. Mitochondria are known to play fundamental roles in multiple processes conserved across eukaryotic species...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Feroze, A. H., Lee, K.-S., Gholamin, S., Wu, Z., Weissman, I., Lu, B., Mitra, S. S., Cheshier, S. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

miR-let-7f-1 regulates SPARC mediated cisplatin resistance in medulloblastoma cells.
In this study, we show that SPARC expression induces cisplatin resistance in medulloblastoma cells. We also demonstrate that the autophagy was involved in SPARC expression mediated resistance to cisplatin. Suppression of autophagy by either autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenosine (3MA) or Atg5 siRNA enhanced cisplatin sensitivity in SPARC expressed cells. Further, SPARC expression suppressed miR-let-7f-1 expression which resulted in disrupted repression of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), a critical regulator of autophagy. We also show that HMGB1 is a direct target of miR-let-7f-1 and forced expression of HMGB1 cDNA enhan...
Source: Cellular Signalling - July 8, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Pannuru P, Dontula R, Khan AA, Herbert E, Ozer H, Chetty C, Lakka SS Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research

Integrated genomic analysis identifies the mitotic checkpoint kinase WEE1 as a novel therapeutic target in medulloblastoma
Conclusions: Taken together, these findings highlight mitotic kinases and, in particular, WEE1 as a rational therapeutic target for medulloblastoma.
Source: Molecular Cancer - March 24, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Peter HarrisSujatha VenkataramanIrina AlimovaDiane BirksIlango BalakrishnanBrian CristianoAndrew DonsonAdrian DubucMichael TaylorNicholas ForemanPhilip ReiganRajeev Vibhakar Source Type: research

PID1 (NYGGF4), a new growth-inhibitory gene in embryonal brain tumors and gliomas.
CONCLUSIONS: These data are the first to link PID1 to cancer and suggest that PID1 may have a tumor inhibitory function in these pediatric and adult brain tumors. PMID: 24300787 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Cancer Research - December 3, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Erdreich-Epstein A, Robison N, Ren X, Zhou H, Xu J, Davidson TB, Schur M, Gilles FH, Ji L, Malvar J, Shackleford GM, Margol A, Krieger MD, Judkins AR, Jones DT, Pfister SM, Kool M, Sposto R, Asgharzadeh S Tags: Clin Cancer Res Source Type: research

Overcoming resistance to sonic hedgehog inhibition by targeting p90 ribosomal S6 kinase in pediatric medulloblastoma
ConclusionsRSK inhibitors are promising because they target RSK which is correlated with SHH patients as well as cause high levels of apoptosis to only MB cells. Importantly, BI‐D1870 crosses the BBB, acting as a scaffold for development of more long‐lived RSK inhibitors. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer - August 12, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mary Rose Pambid, Rachel Berns, Hans H. Adomat, Kaiji Hu, Joanna Triscott, Norbert Maurer, Natalia Zisman, Vijay Ramaswamy, Cynthia E. Hawkins, Michael D. Taylor, Christopher Dunham, Emma Guns, Sandra E. Dunn Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

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