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Total 40 results found since Jan 2013.
A multi-dimensional framework for characterizing the role of writing system variation in literacy learning: a case study in Malayalam
AbstractMost children across the world learn to read and write in non-alphabetic orthographies such as abjads (e.g., Arabic), abugidas (e.g., Ethiopic Ge ’ez), and morphosyllabaries (e.g., Chinese). However, most theories of reading, reading development, and dyslexia derive from a relatively narrow empirical base of research in English—an outlier alphabetic orthography—and a handful of mainly Western European Roman alphabets. Consideration of t he full spectrum of the world’s writing systems reveals multiple dimensions of writing system complexity, each of which could possibly create obstacles for the developing re...
Source: Reading and Writing - June 3, 2023 Category: Child Development Source Type: research
Visual Occipito-Temporal N1 Sensitivity to Digits Across Elementary School
We examined the visual N1, the electrophysiological correlate of vOTC activation across five time points in kindergarten (T1, mean age 6.60 years), middle and end of first grade (T2, 7.38 years; T3, 7.68 years), second grade (T4, 8.28 years), and fifth grade (T5, 11.40 years). A combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal EEG data of a total of 62 children (35 female) at varying familial risk for dyslexia were available to form groups of 23, 22, 27, 27, and 42 participants for each of the five time points. The children performed a target detection task which included visual presentation of single digits (DIG), false fo...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - July 26, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
A three-time point longitudinal investigation of the arcuate fasciculus throughout reading acquisition in children developing dyslexia
Publication date: Available online 18 April 2021Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Stijn Van Der Auwera, Maaike Vandermosten, Jan Wouters, Pol Ghesquière, Jolijn Vanderauwera
Source: NeuroImage - April 19, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
A universal reading network and its modulation by writing system and reading ability in French and Chinese children
Are the brain mechanisms of reading acquisition similar across writing systems? And do similar brain anomalies underlie reading difficulties in alphabetic and ideographic reading systems? In a cross-cultural paradigm, we measured the fMRI responses to words, faces and houses in 96 Chinese and French 10-year-old children, half of whom were struggling with reading. We observed a reading circuit which was strikingly similar across languages and consisting of the left fusiform gyrus, superior temporal gyrus/sulcus, precentral and middle frontal gyri. Activations in some of these areas were modulated either by language or by re...
Source: eLife - October 29, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Developmental Biology Source Type: research
Functional connectivity alterations associated with literacy difficulties in early readers
AbstractThe link between literacy difficulties and brain alterations has been described in depth. Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) has been successfully applied to the study of intrinsic functional connectivity (iFc) both in dyslexia and typically developing children. Most related studies have focused on the stages from late childhood into adulthood using a seed to voxel approach. Our study analyzes iFc in an early childhood sample using the multivariate pattern analysis. This facilitates a hypothesis-free analysis and the possible identification of abnormal functional connectivity patterns at a whole brain level. Thirty-four ...
Source: Brain Imaging and Behavior - October 13, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Brain stimulation reduces dyslexia deficits
(Universit é de Gen è ve) Dyslexia is a frequent disorder of reading acquisition that affects up to 10% of the population. Although several possible causes have been proposed for dyslexia, the predominant one is a phonological deficit associated with changes in rhythmic or repetitive patterns of neural activity in a sound-processing region of the brain. Neuroscientists from the University of Geneva have demonstrated a causal relationship between brain oscillations and the ability to process phonemes.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - September 9, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news
Development of Print-Speech Integration in the Brain of Beginning Readers With Varying Reading Skills
Learning print-speech sound correspondences is a crucial step at the beginning of reading acquisition and often impaired in children with developmental dyslexia. Despite increasing insight into audiovisual language processing, it remains largely unclear how integration of print and speech develops at the neural level during initial learning in the first years of schooling. To investigate this development, 32 healthy, German-speaking children at varying risk for developmental dyslexia (17 typical readers and 15 poor readers) participated in a longitudinal study including behavioral and fMRI measurements in first (T1) and se...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - August 13, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Linking Early Life Hypothalamic –Pituitary–Adrenal Axis Functioning, Brain Asymmetries, and Personality Traits in Dyslexia: An Informative Case Study
Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a multi-system disorder, combining influences of susceptibility genes and environmental factors. The causative interaction between specific genetic factors, brain regions, and personality/mental disorders, as well as specific learning disabilities, has been thoroughly investigated with regard to the approach of developing a multifaceted diagnostic procedure with an intervention strategy potential. In an attempt to add new translational evidence to the interconnection of the above factors in the occurrence of DD, we performed a combinatorial analysis of brain asymmetries, personality traits, c...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - September 30, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Is excessive visual crowding causally linked to developmental dyslexia?
Publication date: Available online 8 May 2019Source: NeuropsychologiaAuthor(s): Sara Bertoni, Sandro Franceschini, Luca Ronconi, Simone Gori, Andrea FacoettiAbstractFor about 10% of children reading acquisition is extremely difficult because they are affected by a heritable neurobiological disorder called developmental dyslexia (DD), mainly associated to an auditory-phonological disorder. Visual crowding is a universal phenomenon that impairs the recognition of stimuli in clutter, such as a letter in a word or a word in a text. Several studies have shown an excessive crowding in individuals with DD, but the causal link bet...
Source: Neuropsychologia - May 9, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Transcranial electrical stimulation improves phoneme processing in developmental dyslexia
About 10 % of the western population suffers from a specific disability in the acquisition of reading and writing skills, known as developmental dyslexia (DD). Even though DD starts in childhood it frequently continuous throughout lifetime. Impaired processing of acoustic features at the phonematic scale based on dysfunctional auditory temporal resolution is considered as one core deficit underlying DD. Recently, the efficacy of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) to modulate auditory temporal resolution and phoneme processing in healthy individuals has been demonstrated.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 13, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Katharina Rufener, Kerstin Krauel, Martin Meyer, Hans-Jochen Heinze, Tino Zaehle Source Type: research
Neural correlates of phonological, orthographic and semantic reading processing in dyslexia
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018Source: NeuroImage: ClinicalAuthor(s): Pedro M. Paz-Alonso, Myriam Oliver, Garikoitz Lerma-Usabiaga, Cesar Caballero-Gaudes, Ileana Quiñones, Paz Suárez-Coalla, Jon Andoni Duñabeitia, Fernando Cuetos, Manuel CarreirasAbstractDevelopmental dyslexia is one of the most prevalent learning disabilities, thought to be associated with dysfunction in the neural systems underlying typical reading acquisition. Neuroimaging research has shown that readers with dyslexia exhibit regional hypoactivation in left hemisphere reading nodes, relative to control counterparts. This evidence, ...
Source: NeuroImage: Clinical - August 11, 2018 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
P17. Impaired auditory attention in adolescents with developmental dyslexia
Developmental dyslexia (DD) refers to the pathological impairment in the acquisition of reading and/or writing skills that is not accounted for by biological age, intelligence or inadequate schooling (WHO, 2011). It is hypothesized that DD relies, at least in part, on the impaired ability to shift attention to relevant information (Hari and Renvall, 2001). On a neurophysiological level, attention is represented by alpha oscillations (about 8 –12 Hz). In adults with DD, recent studies showed altered alpha oscillations during the processing of auditory and visual stimuli (Dhar et al., 2010) but also in resting state (Pap...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 10, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: K. Rufener, K. Krauel, H.J. Heinze, T. Zaehle Source Type: research
Shorter cortical adaptation in dyslexia is broadly distributed in the superior temporal lobe and includes the primary auditory cortex
Studies of performance of individuals with dyslexia on perceptual tasks suggest that their implicit inference of sound statistics is impaired. Previously, using two-tone frequency discrimination, we found that the effect of previous trials' frequencies on judgments of individuals with dyslexia decayed faster than the effect on controls' judgments, and that the adaptation (decrease of neural response to repeated stimuli) of their ERP responses to tones was shorter (Jaffe-Dax et al., 2017). Here, we show the cortical distribution of this abnormal dynamics of adaptation using fast acquisition fMRI. We find that faster decay o...
Source: eLife - February 28, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The Importance of the Left Occipitotemporal Cortex in Developmental Dyslexia
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDevelopmental dyslexia is characterized by an impaired acquisition of fluent and skilled reading ability. Numerous studies have explored the neural correlates of this neurodevelopmental disorder, with most classic accounts strongly focussing on left temporoparietal regions. We will review recent findings from structural and functional MRI studies that suggest a more important role of occipitotemporal cortex abnormalities in dyslexia.Recent FindingsRecent findings highlight the role of the occipitotemporal cortex which exhibits functional as well as structural abnormalities in dyslexic readers and i...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - January 19, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research
Dyslexia: When spelling problems impair writing acquisition
(CNRS) Several studies have sought to identify the source of the problems encountered by individuals with dyslexia when they read. Little attention has been paid to the mechanisms involved in writing. Researchers decided to look at the purely motor aspects of writing in children diagnosed with dyslexia. Their results show that orthographic processing in children with dyslexia is so laborious that it can modify or impair writing skills, despite the absence of dysgraphia in these children.
Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science - November 28, 2017 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news
