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Nutrition: Herbs

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Chemometrics‐based approach to feature selection of chromatographic profiles and its application to search active fraction of herbal medicine
Abstract In our previous report (J Pharmaceut Biomed 56 (2011) 443‐447), a support vector machine (SVM) based pharmacodynamic model was established for predicting active fractions of herbal medicines (HMs), where information contents embedded in the chromatograms of the fractions were represented with the peak areas. However, in this representation the global characteristics of the chromatograms were completely missed, which is definitely contrary to the global and holistic views in theories of HMs and undoubtedly reduce the success rate of this model. In order to deal with the challenge, two chemometrics methods, i.e. m...
Source: Chemical Biology and Drug Design - February 1, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Chao Chen, Jie Yuan, Xiao‐Jie Li, Zhi‐Bin Shen, Dao‐Hai Yu, Jun‐Fang Zhu, Fan‐Lin Zeng Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Enhancing a search for traditional medicinal plants with anthelmintic action by using wild type and stress reporter Caenorhabditis elegans strains as screening tools.
This study aimed to test whether their nematocidal activities could be confirmed in vitro using highly standardised Caenorhabditis elegans models. We applied eight different ethanol solubilised plant extracts and two commercial anthelmintic drugs to larval and adult stages of C. elegans in vitro. Seven C. elegans strains were evaluated, one wild type and six strains with GFP-tagged stress response pathways to help characterise and compare the pathways affected by plant extracts. Our in vitro screen confirmed that both of the commercial anthelmintic drugs and five of the eight traditionally used plant extracts had significa...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - February 26, 2014 Category: Parasitology Authors: Kumarasingha R, Palombo EA, Bhave M, Yeo TC, Lim DS, Tu CL, Shaw JM, Boag PR Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: research

American Botanical Council Celebrates 25 Years of Herbal Medicine Education
In November 2013, the American Botanical Council (ABC) celebrated a quarter century of promoting the responsible, science-based use of herbal medicine. The nonprofit’s 25th anniversary is a major milestone for the Austin, Texas-based organization. “I’ve been affiliated with and have supported ABC since its inception, because I believe in its mission,” said Andrew Weil, MD, founder and director of the Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine at the University of Arizona College of Medicine. “As more health professionals are trained to use medicinal plants and other natural therapies, healthcare costs will decrease...
Source: Explore - December 26, 2013 Category: Nursing Authors: Bonnie Horrigan Tags: Matters of Note Source Type: research

Utilization of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry to search for cannabis in herb mixtures.
Abstract Herb mixtures including cannabis among the other herbs have recently appeared. When cannabinoids from herb extracts are detected by chemical examinations such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, forensic analysts have to determine whether cannabis is actually in the mixture or the cannabinoids are spiked. Morphological examinations are time-consuming, since it is difficult to find several pieces of cannabis among a large number of herb pieces using a microscope. Here, we propose a procedure for efficiently searching for cannabis in herb mixtures using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imagi...
Source: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry - May 18, 2014 Category: Chemistry Authors: Kuwayama K, Yamamuro T, Tsujikawa K, Miyaguchi H, Kanamori T, Iwata YT, Inoue H Tags: Anal Bioanal Chem Source Type: research

Search for New Type of PPARγ Agonist-Like Anti-diabetic Compounds from Medicinal Plants.
Abstract Potent ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) such as thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone, troglitazone, etc.) improve insulin sensitivity by increasing the levels of adiponectin, an important adipocytokine associated with insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue. Several constituents from medicinal plants were recently reported to show PPARγ agonist-like activity in 3T3-L1 cells, but did not show agonistic activity at the receptor site different from thiazolidinediones. Our recent studies on PPARγ agonist-like constituents, such as hydrangenol and hydrangeic acid from the processed...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - June 7, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Matsuda H, Nakamura S, Yoshikawa M Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

Awareness, use, attitude and perceived need for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) education among undergraduate pharmacy students in Sierra Leone: a descriptive cross-sectional survey
Conclusion: Pharmacy students in Sierra Leone are aware of and have used at least one of the CAM modalities and do show a positive attitude towards CAM. This was demonstrated by their overwhelming endorsement for CAM course to be part of the undergraduate pharmacy training at COMAHS-USL. This study among others will inform and guide the development and implementation of CAM instruction at COMAHS-USL.
Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine - November 8, 2014 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Peter JamesAbdulai Bah Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 20, Pages 14118-14138: Search for Antiprotozoal Activity in Herbal Medicinal Preparations; New Natural Leads against Neglected Tropical Diseases
Sleeping sickness, Chagas disease, Leishmaniasis, and Malaria are infectious diseases caused by unicellular eukaryotic parasites (“protozoans”). The three first mentioned are classified as Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) by the World Health Organization and together threaten more than one billion lives worldwide. Due to the lack of research interest and the high increase of resistance against the existing treatments, the search for effective and safe new therapies is urgently required. In view of the large tradition of natural products as sources against infectious diseases [1,2], the aim of the present study is to ...
Source: Molecules - August 4, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Núria MontesinoMarcel KaiserReto BrunThomas Schmidt Tags: Article Source Type: research

Clinical Search for Undiagnosed Mesenteric Phlebosclerosis at Outpatient Departments Specializing in Herbal (Kampo) Medicine.
Conclusion We detected the latent and undiagnosed MP cases. All diagnoses were made while paying careful attention to any slight changes in colonoscopy and CT scans. PMID: 26984071 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Internal Medicine - March 18, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Intern Med Source Type: research

Medicinal plants in the diet of woolly spider monkeys (Brachyteles arachnoides, E. Geoffroy, 1806) – a bio-rational for the search of new medicines for human use?
ABSTRACT The present study aimed to compare the plant food diet of woolly spider monkeys (Brachyteles arachnoides) inhabiting Intervales State Park in S ão Paulo, Brazil, with medicinal plant species used by humans in the surrounding areas of the park. The diet of a group of woolly spider monkeys living in an Atlantic forest area was recorded during 43 months of fieldwork. Fifty-three species (87 food items) were recorded. Plant specimens were coll ected and identified at the University of São Paulo and the Botanical Institute of São Paulo State. Using semi-structured interviews, ethnomedicinal data were also collected ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - April 28, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Phytomedicines Used for Diabetes Mellitus in Ghana: A Systematic Search and Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence.
Conclusion: This review contains information on medicinal plants used to manage diabetes mellitus, including their pharmacological properties and mechanisms of action as well as models used to investigate them. It also provides gaps that can form the basis for further investigations and development into useful medications for effective treatment of diabetes mellitus. PMID: 31118963 [PubMed]
Source: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine - May 25, 2019 Category: Complementary Medicine Tags: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med Source Type: research

Unraveling the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Search for New Therapeutic Medicines.
We reported that the enhancement of IL-10 production by intestinal macrophages has the potential to be a novel therapeutic mechanism for maintaining the remission of IBD. Thus, to develop new therapeutic medicines for IBD, we screened the Wakanyaku Library derived from medicinal herbs for the ability to enhance IL-10 production by intestinal macrophages. Some compounds were identified with the potential to enhance IL-10 production by intestinal macrophages and thereby maintain long-term remission in IBD. This review focuses on our recent findings on the role of intestinal macrophages in the pathogenesis of IBD and developi...
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - February 6, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hayashi S Tags: Yakugaku Zasshi Source Type: research

Surviving Domestic Violence in times of Covid19
The girls at greatest risk of early marriage are often those hardest to reach. They come from poor families, marginalized groups or rural areas. Credit: UNFPA-UNICEF Nepal/KPandayBy Fairuz AhmedNEW YORK, Apr 2 2020 (IPS) “I come from Baglung District, a part of Dhawalagiri Zone in Nepal. My house overlooks the river. Do you know, our district is known for the suspension bridges?”, her eyes glimmer for a fraction of a second and then she breathes a heavy sigh! Her right hand is still wrapped in a scarf, while with the other she pats her 17-month-old. “If I ever get a chance I will take you to my village, we have a lot...
Source: IPS Inter Press Service - Health - April 2, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Fairuz Ahmed Tags: Asia-Pacific Crime & Justice Economy & Trade Education Featured Gender Gender Violence Headlines Health Human Rights Humanitarian Emergencies Labour TerraViva United Nations Women's Health Source Type: news

Computational search for potential COVID-19 drugs from FDAapproved drugs and small molecules of natural origin identifies several anti-virals and plant products.
Abstract The world is currently facing the COVID-19 pandemic, for which mild symptoms include fever and dry cough. In severe cases, it could lead to pneumonia and ultimately death in some instances. Moreover, the causative pathogen is highly contagious and there are no drugs or vaccines for it yet. The pathogen, SARS-CoV-2, is one of the human coronaviruses which was identified to infect humans first in December 2019. SARS-CoV-2 shares evolutionary relationship to other highly pathogenic viruses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). We have exploited this sim...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - July 29, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Sharma A, Tiwari V, Sowdhamini R Tags: J Biosci Source Type: research

Adam Huber of Riesenpach (1545-1613) and his Translation of the Book on Regimen within the Context of the Prague Medical Milieu
Early Sci Med. 2016 Feb;21(6):531-556. doi: 10.1163/15733823-00216p03.ABSTRACTThis paper outlines the life, work, and views of Adam Huber of Riesenpach (1545-1613). Huber was one of the personal physicians to Rudolf ii in Prague, a pharmacist, translator, pedagogue, progressive academic and chancellor at Prague University, aiming to re-establish its medical faculty. Here, I will first appraise Huber as a distinguished translator of medical books published by the prominent Prague printer Daniel Adam of Veleslavin (1546-1599) and as a scholar who helped establish Czech medical terminology, most notably through his new transl...
Source: Early Science and Medicine - May 5, 2018 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Martin Zemla Source Type: research

In search of an ideal drug for safer treatment of obesity: The false promise of pseudoephedrine
Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2021 May 4. doi: 10.1007/s11154-021-09658-w. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTObesity is a major public health problem worldwide. Only relatively few treatment options are, at present, available for the management of obese patients. Furthermore, treatment of obesity is affected by the widespread misuse of drugs and food supplements. Ephedra sinica is an old medicinal herb, commonly used in the treatment of respiratory tract diseases. Ephedra species contain several alkaloids, including pseudoephedrine, notably endowed with indirect sympathomimetic pharmacodynamic properties. The anorexigenic effect of...
Source: ENDOCR REV - May 4, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Antonio Munaf ò Stefano Frara Norberto Perico Rosaria Di Mauro Monica Cortinovis Chiara Burgaletto Giuseppina Cantarella Giuseppe Remuzzi Andrea Giustina Renato Bernardini Source Type: research