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Drug accelerates blood system ’s recovery after chemotherapy, radiation
A drug developed by UCLA physician-scientists and chemists speeds up the regeneration of mouse and human blood stem cells after exposure to radiation. If the results can be replicated in humans, the compound could help people recover quicker from chemotherapy, radiation and bone marrow transplants.The study, published in Nature Communications,also sheds light on the basic biology behind blood stem cell regeneration and the role of a specific molecular process that is blocked by the new drug. Blood stem cells reside in the bone marrow and produce all of the body ’s blood and immune cells.“We’re very excited about the ...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - August 14, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Handheld allergy relief device maker raises $8M in seed funding
The investments will help Tivic Health Systems market its recently-cleared device prior to its commercial launch in September.
Source: mobihealthnews - July 24, 2019 Category: Information Technology Source Type: news

DFG to fund ten new research units, two clinical research units and one centre for advanced studies
(Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) Topics range from stroke recovery and anti-allergy measures to new measurement techniques for communication / Approximately € 47 million for first funding period.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - July 12, 2019 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news

Duke banks $129 million in federal funding for HIV vaccine development
Thanks to a $129 million federal grant, the Duke Human Vaccine Institute (DHVI) will continue its now 14-year long effort to develop a vaccine for HIV. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease has announced a seven-year grant totaling at least $129 million to the DHVI. Under the terms of the grant, the institute could also award an additional $18 million – potentially bringing funding to $147 million.  The grants fund the Duke Consortia for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD)…
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines - July 10, 2019 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Seth Thomas Gulledge Source Type: news

Tracking down silent killers
(University of Erlangen-Nuremberg) Emerging viral diseases is a term used to refer to diseases caused by pathogens such as the Ebola virus. Whilst vaccines can protect people against these diseases, there is an urgent need for treatment options after infection. A new global research consortium has received 35 million dollars in funding from the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, USA, within the context of the Centres for Excellence in Translational Research programme in order to carry out research in this very important area.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - June 13, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

Peptides that mimic ‘good cholesterol’ reverse inflammatory bowel disease in mice
FINDINGSPeptides that mimic  the function of HDL cholesterol, which has been dubbed “good cholesterol,” can treat the underlying inflammation associated with inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, according to new research in mice. The same work revealed new details on how IBD can develop and what other types of drugs may wo rk to treat the disease.BACKGROUNDThe most common types of IBD, a chronic inflammatory disease of the digestive tract, are Crohn ’s disease and ulcerative colitis. There are few effective treatments for IBD, and a majority of patients will eventually need surgery, according to previous studies. Res...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - June 11, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Correction to: Genetically engineered probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains mature human dendritic cells and stimulate gag-specific memory CD8+ T cells ex vivo.
Abstract In the Funding section, the following statement is missing: The MACS cohort study was supported by the NIH, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases grant U01-AI35041. PMID: 31106390 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - May 19, 2019 Category: Microbiology Authors: Palma ML, Garcia-Bates TM, Martins FS, Douradinha B Tags: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: research

Use of Growth Factors and Other Cytokines for Treatment of Injuries During a Radiation Public Health Emergency.
This report reviews the information presented, and provides an overview of the discussions from a guided breakout session. PMID: 31081742 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Radiation Research - May 12, 2019 Category: Physics Authors: DiCarlo AL, Horta ZP, Aldrich JT, Jakubowski AA, Skinner WK, Case CM Tags: Radiat Res Source Type: research

MASP-1 Increases Endothelial Permeability
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of WMA Declaration of Helsinki with written informed consent from all subjects. All subjects gave written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol was approved by the Semmelweis University Institutional Review Board (permission number: TUKEB141/2015). Author Contributions MLD designed and performed experiments, analyzed data, and wrote the manuscript. ZN performed the bioinformatics analysis. EK, ES, and VM contributed to cellular experiments and data analysis and commented on the manuscript. FW performed the xCELLigenc...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 2, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: Ductile Targets in Disease
Discussion MDSCs violently emerge in pathological conditions in an attempt to limit potentially harmful immune and inflammatory responses. Mechanisms supporting their expansion and survival are deeply investigated in cancer, in the perspective to reactivate specific antitumor responses and prevent their contribution to disease evolution. These findings will likely contribute to improve the targeting of MDSCs in anticancer immunotherapies, either alone or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. New evidence indicates that the expansion of myeloid cell differentiation in pathology is subject to fine-tuning, as its...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 2, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Human Gut-Associated Natural Killer Cells in Health and Disease
Alessandro Poggi1*, Roberto Benelli2, Roberta Venè1, Delfina Costa1, Nicoletta Ferrari1, Francesca Tosetti1 and Maria Raffaella Zocchi3 1Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy 2Immunology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy 3Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy It is well established that natural killer (NK) cells are involved in both innate and adaptive immunity. Indeed, they can recognize molecules induced at the cell surface by stress signals...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 2, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Loss-of-Function in SMAD4 Might Not Be Critical for Human Natural Killer Cell Responsiveness to TGF- β
This study was carried out in accordance with approval of the Melbourne Health and Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research's Human Research Ethics Committee (approval number: 2013.081). All subjects gave written informed consent for participation and publication. Results and Discussion TGF-β signaling in NK cells is associated with: phosphorylation in SMAD2 and 3, inhibition of IL-15-induced metabolism/proliferation, simultaneous downregulation of CD44, CD49e, and Eomes, and upregulation of CD16 and CD49a expression (7, 10). SMAD family member 4 (SMAD4) belongs to the SMAD family of transcript...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 30, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Blocking IL-19 Signaling Ameliorates Allergen-Induced Airway Inflammation
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the National Institutes of Health standards and guidelines for the care and use of experimental animals. The protocol was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of National Cheng Kung University (IACUC NO. 107272 and 105077). Author Contributions J-YW and M-SC designed the study. Y-HW and Y-LL performed the experiments. Y-HW and W-YC analyzed the data. Y-HW, W-YC, and M-SC wrote the manuscript. W-YC and J-YW provided critical technical and scientific guidance and discussion. Funding This work was supported by research grant from the Ministry of Scien...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Hepatic Natural Killer Cells: Organ-Specific Sentinels of Liver Immune Homeostasis and Physiopathology
Joanna Mikulak1,2, Elena Bruni1,2, Ferdinando Oriolo1,2, Clara Di Vito1 and Domenico Mavilio1,2* 1Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy 2Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy The liver is considered a preferential tissue for NK cells residency. In humans, almost 50% of all intrahepatic lymphocytes are NK cells that are strongly imprinted in a liver-specific manner and show a broad spectrum of cellular heterogeneity. Hepatic NK (he-NK) cells play key roles in tuning liver immune response in b...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Functional Antibody Responses Following Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for TP53 Mutant pre-B-ALL in a Patient With X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia
Discussion This case demonstrates successful cure of pre-B-ALL complicating XLA by alloSCT with restoration of B-cell development and functional antibody response. We are aware of only one previous case of pre-B-ALL in an XLA patient (21), which suggests that human BTK deficiency in itself does not predispose to pre-B-ALL. However, there are data to suggest that BTK may act as a tumor suppressor, and BTK deficiency may predispose to tumor development following a “second hit.” Mice with a genetic deficiency in Slp65, a gene encoding an adaptor protein that functions together with BTK, have a block in proge...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 25, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research