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Development in the Inhibition of Dengue Proteases as Drug Targets
CONCLUSION: Different classes of compounds have been reported against DENV, such as nitrogen-containing heterocycles (i.e., imidazole, pyridine, triazoles quinazolines, quinoline, and indole), oxygen-containing heterocycles (i.e., coumarins), and some are mixed heterocyclic compounds of S, N (thiazole, benzothiazine, and thiazolidinediones), and N, O (i.e., oxadiazole). There have been reports of computationally designed compounds to impede the molecular functions of specific structural and non-structural proteins as potential therapeutic targets. This review summarized the current progress in developing dengue protease in...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - September 19, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Muhammad Akram Shehryar Hameed Abbas Hassan Khalid Khan Source Type: research
What evidence for a cholera vaccine? Jaime Ferr án's submissions to the Prix Bréant
This article analyses how the French Academy of Sciences assessed Jaime Ferrán's cholera vaccine submitted for the Prix Bréant in the 1880s. Ferrán, a Spanish independent physician, discovered the treatment in 1884 and tried it on thousands of patients during the cholera outbreak in Valencia the following year. His evaluation sparked a controversy in Spain and abroad on the vaccine's efficacy. The Bréant jury did not see any evidence for it in Ferrán's submission, a decision usually interpreted in terms of French scientific nationalism (or simple chauvinism): an outsider from the scientific periphery could not be awar...
Source: Medical History - September 19, 2023 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Clara Uzcanga David Teira Source Type: research
Correlative CD4 and CD8 T-cell immunodominance in humans and mice: Implications for preclinical testing
In this study, we addressed this matter by analyzing experimentally identified epitopes based on published data curated in the Immune Epitopes DataBase (IEDB) database. We first analyzed SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleoprotein (N), which are two common targets of the immune response and well studied in both human and mouse systems. We observed a weak but statistically significant correlation between human and H-2b mouse T-cell responses (CD8 S specific (r = 0.206, p = 1.37 × 10-13); CD4 S specific (r = 0.118, p = 2.63 × 10-5) and N specific (r = 0.179, p = 2.55 × 10-4)). Due to intrinsic differences in MHC molecules acro...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - September 19, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Tertuliano Alves Pereira Neto John Sidney Alba Grifoni Alessandro Sette Source Type: research
What evidence for a cholera vaccine? Jaime Ferr án's submissions to the Prix Bréant
This article analyses how the French Academy of Sciences assessed Jaime Ferrán's cholera vaccine submitted for the Prix Bréant in the 1880s. Ferrán, a Spanish independent physician, discovered the treatment in 1884 and tried it on thousands of patients during the cholera outbreak in Valencia the following year. His evaluation sparked a controversy in Spain and abroad on the vaccine's efficacy. The Bréant jury did not see any evidence for it in Ferrán's submission, a decision usually interpreted in terms of French scientific nationalism (or simple chauvinism): an outsider from the scientific periphery could not be awar...
Source: Medical History - September 19, 2023 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Clara Uzcanga David Teira Source Type: research
Engineered human adenoviruses of species B and C report early, intermediate early and late viral gene expression
Hum Gene Ther. 2023 Sep 19. doi: 10.1089/hum.2023.121. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdenoviruses (AdVs) are being developed for oncolytic or vaccination therapy against existing and emerging conditions. Well-characterized replication-competent human and human primate AdVs expressing multiple payloads are desirable, but their replication in rodent models is limited. To score the timing of adenoviral gene expression in cell cultures, we developed fully replication-competent transcriptional reporter viruses for HAdV-C5, -B3 and -B35. The picornavirus-derived 2A sequence, which induces cotranslational peptide splitting and re...
Source: Adv Data - September 19, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Tania Jetzer Lukas Studer Manuela Bieri Urs Greber Silvio Hemmi Source Type: research
Student Perceptions of a New Course Using Argumentation in Medical Education
CONCLUSION: These findings support evidence from educational scholarship outside of medicine showing argumentation as a learning tool is well received by students. Further work is needed to determine whether it improves critical thinking skills and enhances learning in medical education.PMID:37724185 | PMC:PMC10505381 | DOI:10.2147/AMEP.S394219
Source: Adv Data - September 19, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Andrew J Foy Kent E Vrana Paul Haidet Bernice L Hausman Nancy E Adams Ira Ropson Daniel R Wolpaw David Rabago Richard B Mailman Xuemei Huang Source Type: research
I κBζ is an essential mediator of immunity to oropharyngeal candidiasis
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Sep 11:S1931-3128(23)00341-4. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.08.016. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFungal infections are a global threat; yet, there are no licensed vaccines to any fungal pathogens. Th17 cells mediate immunity to Candida albicans, particularly oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), but essential downstream mechanisms remain unclear. In the murine model of OPC, IκBζ (Nfkbiz, a non-canonical NF-κB transcription factor) was upregulated in an interleukin (IL)-17-dependent manner and was essential to prevent candidiasis. Deletion of Nfkbiz rendered mice highly susceptible to OPC. IκBζ was dispe...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - September 19, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Tiffany C Taylor Bianca M Coleman Samyuktha P Arunkumar Ipsita Dey John T Dillon Nicole O Ponde Amanda C Poholek Daniella M Schwartz Mandy J McGeachy Heather R Conti Sarah L Gaffen Source Type: research
Correlative CD4 and CD8 T-cell immunodominance in humans and mice: Implications for preclinical testing
In this study, we addressed this matter by analyzing experimentally identified epitopes based on published data curated in the Immune Epitopes DataBase (IEDB) database. We first analyzed SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleoprotein (N), which are two common targets of the immune response and well studied in both human and mouse systems. We observed a weak but statistically significant correlation between human and H-2b mouse T-cell responses (CD8 S specific (r = 0.206, p = 1.37 × 10-13); CD4 S specific (r = 0.118, p = 2.63 × 10-5) and N specific (r = 0.179, p = 2.55 × 10-4)). Due to intrinsic differences in MHC molecules acro...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - September 19, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Tertuliano Alves Pereira Neto John Sidney Alba Grifoni Alessandro Sette Source Type: research
Clinical Utility of Sero-Immunological Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein During Subsequent Prevalence of Wild-Type, Delta Variant, and Omicron Variant
In conclusion, nucleocapsid antibody provides instructive clues about the immunogenicity of nucleocapsid proteins by different seroconversion rates and titers according to the severity of infection, host immune status, and different variants of concern.PMID:37724496 | PMC:PMC10506902 | DOI:10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e292
Source: J Korean Med Sci - September 19, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Beomki Lee Jae-Hoon Ko Jin Yang Baek Haein Kim Kyungmin Huh Sun Young Cho Cheol-In Kang Doo Ryeon Chung Kyong Ran Peck Eun-Suk Kang Source Type: research
A measles virus-based vaccine induces robust chikungunya virus-specific CD4 < sup > + < /sup > T-cell responses in a phase II clinical trial
Vaccine. 2023 Sep 17:S0264-410X(23)01092-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.09.022. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTChikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus transmitted by mosquitos that causes a debilitating disease characterized by fever and long-lasting polyarthralgia. To date, no vaccine has been licensed, but multiple vaccine candidates are under evaluation in clinical trials. One of these vaccines is based on a measles virus vector encoding for the CHIKV structural genes C, E3, E2, 6K, and E1 (MV-CHIK), which proved safe in phase I and II clinical trials and elicited CHIKV-specific antibody responses in adult measles ser...
Source: Vaccine - September 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Katharina S Schmitz Anouskha D Comvalius Nella J Nieuwkoop Daryl Geers Daniela Weiskopf Katrin Ramsauer Alessandro Sette Roland Tschismarov Rory D de Vries Rik L de Swart Source Type: research
A large survey on COVID-19 vaccination in patients with Parkinson's disease and healthy population
CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 vaccination rate was remarkably lower in PD patients than healthy individuals in China. The approved vaccines have shown an acceptable safety profile. Our findings would offer a reference to guide future clinical decision-making of COVID-19 vaccination and improve the immunization management of PD patients.PMID:37726180 | DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.09.002
Source: Vaccine - September 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Chao Han Zhen Zhen Zhao Piu Chan Fang Li Chun Ling Chi Xin Zhang Yan Zhao Jing Chen Jing Hong Ma Source Type: research
Preclinical evaluation of a SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.351-based candidate DNA vaccine
Vaccine. 2023 Sep 17:S0264-410X(23)01091-5. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.09.021. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic revealed the critical shortfalls of global vaccine availability for emergent pathogens and the need for exploring additional vaccine platforms with rapid update potential in response to new variants. Thus, it remains essential, for the present evolving SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 and future pandemics, to continuously develop and characterize new and different vaccine platforms. Here, we describe an expression-optimized DNA vaccine candidate based on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein of the Beta variant (...
Source: Vaccine - September 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ria Lassauni ère Charlotta Polacek Jeanette Linnea Tingstedt Anders Fomsgaard Source Type: research
