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Vaccination: Meningitis Vaccine
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Total 2893 results found since Jan 2013.
Effectiveness of the pneumococcal polysaccharide and conjugated vaccines in elderly and high-risk populations in preventing invasive pneumococcal disease: A systematic search and review of the literature
Conclusion: The results from this review indicate a reduction of IPD in elderly and high-risk populations vaccinated with PPV23 and PCV13. The protective effect may be lower in elderly individuals >80 years and in individuals with comorbidities. However, the literature is sparse and large-scale prospective studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of PPV23 and PCV13 vaccination in adults in protecting against IPD.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 1, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sikjaer, M., Wik, M. S., Stensholt, S. S., Hilberg, O., Lokke, A. Tags: 10.01 - Respiratory infections and bronchiectasis Source Type: research
SHM 2022 Awards of Excellence and Junior Investigator Award
This study was the largest prospective investigation of pediatric pneumonia hospitalizations ever conducted in the U.S., and fundamentally altered how we think about pneumonia etiology in the era of highly effective pneumococcal vaccines. Currently, his research team is focused on the conduct of two National Institutes of Health-funded pragmatic randomized trials testing the effectiveness of predictive analytics and clinical decision support to optimize antibiotic utilization and inform disease-severity assessments in childhood pneumonia. In total, Dr. Williams has authored more than 100 peer-reviewed publications in top-t...
Source: The Hospitalist - June 1, 2022 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Ronda Whitaker Tags: Awards Career Source Type: research
Spontaneous reports of primary ovarian insufficiency after vaccination: A review of the vaccine adverse event reporting system (VAERS)
CONCLUSIONS: POI is rarely reported to VAERS. Most reports contained limited diagnostic information and were submitted after published cases of POI following HPV vaccination. Results of our review do not suggest a safety concern.PMID:36732165 | DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.12.038
Source: Vaccine - February 2, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: A Patricia Wodi Paige Marquez Adamma Mba-Jonas Faith Barash Kosal Nguon Pedro L Moro Source Type: research
The Effectiveness of Disaster Risk Communication: A Systematic Review of Intervention Studies
The objectives of the interventions were to improve the health knowledge and behaviour in relation to disasters, and to decrease the incidence of negative health events. The studies were chosen on that basis, and several studies reported additional outcomes that were outside the scope of this review. The knowledge, behaviour and incidence outcomes are described in detail in Appendix 3 (characteristics and results of included studies).
Results of Individual Studies
1 Effect of Risk Communication Interventions to Promote Disaster Mitigation and Preparedness
1.1 Communication to Promote Mitigation and Preparedness for Infec...
Source: PLOS Currents Disasters - August 22, 2014 Category: Global & Universal Authors: dtbradley Source Type: research
Proteomic Analysis and Virulence Assessment of Granulicatella adiacens Secretome
In conclusion, we unraveled the secretome of G. adiacens, an oral bacterium well-documented in infective endocarditis, but also recently shown to be involved in oral infections. Importantly, the secretome of G. adiacens comprised of a large number of putative virulence factors. Of particular importance is the finding that the G. adiacens secretome comprised of a number of “moonlighting” proteins, which in other species are shown to enhance bacterial colonization and virulence through their multifunctional roles (Pavkova et al., 2017; Graf et al., 2019). Thus, our results provide a basis for investigating th...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
The Role of Media and the Internet on Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting: A Case Study of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination
Conclusions: We demonstrate that media coverage and Internet search activity, in particular, may promote increased adverse event reporting. Public health officials who have long recognized the importance of proactive engagement with news media must now consider strategies for meaningful participation in Internet discussions.
Source: Journal of Adolescent Health - November 18, 2013 Category: Child Development Authors: Jan M. Eberth, Kimberly N. Kline, David A. Moskowitz, Jane R. Montealegre, Michael E. Scheurer Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
A Year in Review: FDA 2015 New Drug Approvals
The approval of first-of-a-kind drugs rose last year to forty-one, resulting in the highest level of newly approved U.S. drugs in nineteen years. The total number of new drugs approved last year was even higher at sixty-nine. The rising figures reflect an industry-wide desire to research and develop drugs for rare and hard-to-treat diseases.
The newly approved drugs serve to advance medical care and the health of patients suffering from many ailments, including various forms of cancer, heart failure, and cystic fibrosis. Additionally, more than 40% of the new therapies were approved for treatment of rare or "orphan" dise...
Source: Policy and Medicine - January 13, 2016 Category: American Health Authors: Thomas Sullivan - Policy & Medicine Writing Staff Source Type: blogs
Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease
CONCLUSIONS: The evidence examined was determined to be of low certainty and suggests that prophylactic penicillin significantly reduces risk of pneumococcal infection in children with homozygous SCD, and is associated with minimal adverse reactions. Further research may help to determine the ideal age to safely withdraw penicillin.PMID:33724440 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003427.pub5
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - March 16, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Angela E Rankine-Mullings Shirley Owusu-Ofori Source Type: research
Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic penicillin significantly reduces risk of pneumococcal infection in children with homozygous sickle cell disease, and is associated with minimal adverse reactions. Further research may help to determine the ideal age to safely withdraw penicillin.
PMID: 25375222 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 6, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Hirst C, Owusu-Ofori S Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
Disparities in PCV impact between different ethnic populations cohabiting in the same region: A systematic review of the literature.
CONCLUSION: While differences in IPD and pneumonia rates between resource-poor and resource-rich populations were decreased following PCV introduction, disparity is still apparent and is not fully eliminated in any of the studies. Younger (<2years) populations in resource-poor populations seem to benefit the most from PCV introduction.
PMID: 27443591 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Vaccine - July 17, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Segal N, Greenberg D, Dagan R, Ben-Shimol S Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research
Cost Effectiveness of Pneumococcal Vaccination in Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review
ConclusionOur review demonstrated that an infant PCV programme was a cost-effective intervention in most LMICs (in 20 of 22 studies included). The results were sensitive to vaccine efficacy, price, burden of disease and sponsorship. Decision makers should consider EE findings and affordability before adoption of PCVs.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - August 9, 2016 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Indirect (herd) protection, following pneumococcal conjugated vaccines introduction: A systematic review of the literature.
CONCLUSION: Invasive pneumococcal diseases and pneumonia rates among the adult population decreased in most countries following PCV introduction into the NIP. This indirect effect on older population seems to be dependent on PCV coverage rates and time from PCV nationwide implementation. Adults >65years old seem to benefit the most from PCV introduction.
PMID: 28449971 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Vaccine - April 24, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tsaban G, Ben-Shimol S Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research
Spatial Distribution of Invasive Pneumococcal Serotypes in West Africa: A Retrospective Analysis to Inform Immunization in Persons with Sickle Cell Disease
Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first attempt to aggregate IPD serotype data across West Africa. While the majority of serotypes identified are included in PCV13, two serotypes exclusive to PPSV23 (2 and 12F) together accounted for 8.1% of the total IPD burden. Moreover, in some countries, the proportion of strains included in PPSV23 and not PCV13 is higher. Immunizing persons with SCD in West Africa with PPSV23 therefore may be warranted to optimize protection from IPD. Furthermore, as PCV13 vaccination coverage increases, it is possible that the epidemiology of IPD may shift to more strains exclusively covered ...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Carsillo, T., Amegan-Aho, K. H., Feller, A., McIntosh, A., Spector, J., Obaro, S. K. Tags: 114. Hemoglobinopathies, Excluding Thalassemia-Clinical: Poster III Source Type: research
B Cell Reconstitution and Influencing Factors After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children
Nicolaas G. van der Maas, Dagmar Berghuis, Mirjam van der Burg and Arjan C. Lankester*
Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
B cell reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is variable and influenced by different patient, donor, and treatment related factors. In this review we describe B cell reconstitution after pediatric allogeneic HST, including the kinetics of reconstitution of the different B cell subsets and the development of the B cell repertoire, and d...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 11, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
