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Nutrition: Diets

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Total 302 results found since Jan 2013.

Vascular tight junction disruption and angiogenesis in spontaneously hypertensive rat with neuroinflammatory white matter injury.
Abstract Vascular cognitive impairment is a major cause of dementia caused by chronic hypoxia, producing progressive damage to white matter (WM) secondary to blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening and vascular dysfunction. Tight junction proteins (TJPs), which maintain BBB integrity, are lost in acute ischemia. Although angiogenesis is critical for neurovascular remodeling, less is known about its role in chronic hypoxia. To study the impact of TJP degradation and angiogenesis during pathological progression of WM damage, we used the spontaneously hypertensive/stroke prone rats with unilateral carotid artery occlusion ...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - February 24, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Yang Y, Kimura-Ohba S, Thompson JF, Salayandia VM, Cosse M, Raz L, Jalal FY, Rosenberg GA Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Omega-3 fatty acid supplement reduces activation of NADPH oxidase in intracranial atherosclerosis stenosis.
Conclusions Long-term O3FA dietary supplementation prevents the development of intracranial atherosclerosis. This O3FA effect appears to be mediated by its attenuation of NOX subunit expression and NOX activity, therefore reducing ROS production. O3FA dietary supplement shows promising results in the prevention of ICAS. PMID: 29576013 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurological Research - March 27, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

The Relationship Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII ®) and Incident Depressive Symptoms: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Depression is a chronic condition with an estimated lifetime prevalence of 14.6% and 11.1% in high- and lower-and-middle-income countries, respectively. (Bromet et al., 2011; Kessler and Bromet, 2013). Moreover, it is estimated that depression is one of the leading sources of disability worldwide (2015; Ferrari et al., 2013), being associated with reduced quality of life and medical morbidity (Ferrari et al., 2013; Kessler and Bromet, 2013; Rackley and Bostwick, 2012). Increasing evidence also shows that depression might confer a higher risk for several non-communicable diseases (e.g., diabetes (Rotella and Mannucci, 2013a...
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - April 3, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Nitin Shivappa, James R. H ébert, Nicola Veronese, Maria Gabriella Caruso, Maria Notarnicola, Stefania Maggi, Brendon Stubbs, Joseph Firth, Michele Fornaro, Marco Solmi Tags: Research paper Source Type: research

Hypoxia promotes tau hyperphosphorylation with associated neuropathology in vascular dysfunction.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data support an association between hypertension-induced vascular dysfunction and the sporadic occurrence of phosphorylated tau and cell death in the rat model, correlating with patient brain atrophy, which is relevant to vascular disease. PMID: 30010004 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - July 12, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Raz L, Bhaskar K, Weaver J, Marini S, Zhang Q, Thompson JF, Espinoza C, Iqbal S, Maphis NM, Weston L, Sillerud LO, Caprihan A, Pesko JC, Erhardt EB, Rosenberg GA Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Update on obstructive sleep apnea for neuro-ophthalmology
Purpose of review Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasing in prevalence. The intermittent hypoxia of OSA has wide-ranging effects on a patient's general health outcomes. However, gold-standard investigations and treatment are expensive and a significant burden on patients. Therefore, OSA research remains focused on improving the means of diagnosing and treating OSA, in high-risk-associated conditions. This review is to provide an update on the advances in the field of OSA. Recent findings There has been recent debate about the best practice for diagnosis and treatment of OSA. Further work has been done on conditio...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - January 13, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY: Edited by Valérie Biousse Source Type: research

Mild hypothermia alleviates diabetes aggravated cerebral ischemic injury via activating autophagy and inhibiting pyroptosis.
In conclusion, mild hypothermia alleviated diabetes aggravated cerebral ischemic injury via activating autophagy and inhibiting pyroptosis. PMID: 31082455 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - May 9, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Tu Y, Guo C, Song F, Huo Y, Geng Y, Guo M, Bao H, Wu X, Fan W Tags: Brain Res Bull Source Type: research

Extra-virgin olive oil for potential prevention of Alzheimer disease.
Authors: Román GC, Jackson RE, Reis J, Román AN, Toledo JB, Toledo E Abstract Observational epidemiological studies provide valuable information regarding naturally occurring protective factors observed in populations with very low prevalences of vascular disease. Between 1935 and 1965, the Italian-American inhabitants of Roseto (Pennsylvania, USA) observed a traditional Italian diet and maintained half the mortality rates from myocardial infarction compared with neighboring cities. In the Seven Countries Study, during 40years (1960-2000) Crete maintained the lowest overall mortality rates and coronary heart dise...
Source: Revue Neurologique - September 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Rev Neurol (Paris) Source Type: research

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor modulates stroke-induced astrogliosis and neurogenesis in the adult mouse brain
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor activated by environmental agonists and dietary tryptophan metabolites for the immune response and cell cycle regulation. Emerging...
Source: Journal of Neuroinflammation - October 12, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Wan-Ci Chen, Li-Hsin Chang, Shiang-Suo Huang, Yu-Jie Huang, Chun-Lien Chih, Hung-Chih Kuo, Yi-Hsuan Lee and I-Hui Lee Tags: Research Source Type: research

The gut microbiome in neurological disorders
Publication date: Available online 18 November 2019Source: The Lancet NeurologyAuthor(s): John F Cryan, Kenneth J O'Riordan, Kiran Sandhu, Veronica Peterson, Timothy G DinanSummaryResearch into the role of the gut microbiome in modulating brain function has rapidly increased over the past 10 years, albeit chiefly in animal models. Increasing clinical and preclinical evidence implicates the microbiome as a possible key susceptibility factor for neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, autism spectrum disorder, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and stroke. Cross-sectional clinical studies are bolstering ...
Source: The Lancet Neurology - November 19, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Mfsd2a Attenuates Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption After Sub-arachnoid Hemorrhage by Inhibiting Caveolae-Mediated Transcellular Transport in Rats
In this study, a prechiasmatic cistern single-injection model was used to produce experimental SAH in Sprague-Dawley rats. Specific small-interfering RNA and plasmids were used to downregulate and upregulate the expression of Mfsd2a prior to assessments in our SAH model. Omega-3 fatty acid deficiency diet was used to reduce DHA in rat brain. The expression level of Mfsd2a decreased significantly after SAH and reached its lowest level at 72  h post-SAH, which then gradually recovered. At 72 h after SAH, BBB function was disrupted; upregulation of Mfsd2a reversed this damage, whereas downregulation of Mfsd2a exacerbated th...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 5, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Polyphenolic Complex Attenuates Inflammatory Response and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption.
Abstract BACKGROUND: Cerebral ischemia causes strong inflammatory response. Neumentix is a dietary supplement containing 14.9% rosmarinic acid and 29.9% total phenolic content, which was proved to be beneficial against inflammatory response. Therefore, we investigated Neumentix's effect on anti-inflammatory and blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model mice. METHODS: After the pretreatment of vehicle or Neumentix 134 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) (containing rosmarinic acid 20mg/kg/d) for 14 days, mice were subjected to tMCAO for 60 min and ke...
Source: Current Neurovascular Research - May 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Bian Y, Yamashita T, Taira Y, Shang J, Tsunoda K, Feng T, Sasaki R, Liu X, Shi X, Tadokoro K, Nomura E, Matsumoto N, Osakada Y, Omote Y, Takemoto M, Hishikawa N, Ohta Y, Abe K Tags: Curr Neurovasc Res Source Type: research

Effect of Ergothioneine on 7-Ketocholesterol-Induced Endothelial Injury
AbstractErgothioneine (ET) is a naturally occurring antioxidant that is synthesized by non-yeast fungi and certain bacteria. ET is not synthesized by animals, including humans, but is avidly taken up from the diet, especially from mushrooms. In the current study, we elucidated the effect of ET on the hCMEC/D3 human brain endothelial cell line. Endothelial cells are exposed to high levels of the cholesterol oxidation product, 7-ketocholesterol (7KC), in patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and this process is thought to mediate pathological inflammation. 7KC induces a dose-dependent loss of cell viability and ...
Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine - October 16, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Recent Insights on the Role of PPAR- β/δ in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, and Its Potential Target for Therapy
AbstractPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) β/δ belongs to the family of hormone and lipid-activated nuclear receptors, which are involved in metabolism of long-chain fatty acids, cholesterol, and sphingolipids. Similar to PPAR-α and PPAR-γ, PPAR-β/δ also acts as a transcription factor activated by dietary lipids and endogenous ligands, such as long-chain saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and selected lipid metabolic products, such as eicosanoids, leukotrienes, lipoxins, and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids. Together with other PPARs, PPAR-β/δ displays transcriptional activity through interactio...
Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine - November 18, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The role of diet in secondary stroke prevention
Publication date: Available online 18 December 2020Source: The Lancet NeurologyAuthor(s): Coralie English, Lesley MacDonald-Wicks, Amanda Patterson, John Attia, Graeme J Hankey
Source: The Lancet Neurology - December 19, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular disease risk, awareness, and treatment in people with epilepsy
CONCLUSIONS: Participants with epilepsy had increased ASCVD risk, despite similar or better awareness, treatment, and control of individual risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension. Our results suggest that epilepsy is associated with numerous health behaviors leading to cardiovascular disease, though the causal pathway is complex as these variables (income, depression, diet, exercise, smoking) generally served as confounders rather than mediators.PMID:33690068 | DOI:10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107878
Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour - March 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Samuel W Terman Carole E Aubert Chloe E Hill Jeremy Skvarce James F Burke Scott Mintzer Source Type: research