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Inhibition of LncRNA MALAT1 Attenuates Cerebral Ischemic Reperfusion Injury via Regulating AQP4 Expression
Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) including MALAT1 have been shown to have critical roles in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI). However, the underlying mechanism of MALAT1 in CIRI has not been elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the function and potential regulatory mechanism of MALAT1 in cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury. We established the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/RX) model in vivo and in vitro, and then Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), RT-qPCR, flow cytomet...
Source: European Neurology - October 30, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Inhibited CSF1R Alleviates Ischemia Injury via Inhibition of Microglia M1 Polarization and NLRP3 Pathway.
In this study, cerebral ischemia stroke mice model was established. The C57/B6J mice were administered with Ki20227, a CSF1R inhibitor, by gavage for 7 consecutive days (0.002 mg/kg/day) before modeling. The Rota-Rod test and neurobehavioral score test were investigated to assess neurobehavioral functions. The area of infarction was assessed by 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The mRNA expressions of M1/M2 microglia markers were evaluated by real-time PCR. Immunofluorescence and Western blot were utilized to detect the changes of Iba1 and NLRP3 pathway proteins. Results showed that neurobehavioral fu...
Source: Neural Plasticity - September 12, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Du X, Xu Y, Chen S, Fang M Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Electroacupuncture promotes axonal regrowth by attenuating the myelin-associated inhibitors-induced RhoA/ROCK pathway in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rats.
This study explored whether EA can improve the inhibitory microenvironment, attenuate RhoA/ROCK-mediated neurite regrowth inhibitory pathways, andpromote the expression of neuroplasticity proteins, thus exerting a protective role in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h followed by 7 days of reperfusion, and they received EA or fasudil once daily for 7 days. The Garcia JH score, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to assess neural injury. The protein and mRNA levels of myelin-ass...
Source: Brain Research - August 23, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Chen S, Wang H, Xu H, Zhang Y, Sun H Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Waggle needling wields preferable neuroprotective and anti-spastic effects on post-stroke spasticity rats by attenuating γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase and enhancing γ-aminobutyric acid.
This study was designed to compare the anti-spastic effect of waggle needling to the routine needling and to explore its underlying mechanism. We established post-stroke spasticity model based on ischemia stroke operation (middle cerebral artery occlusion). Rats were divided into six groups: normal control group, sham-operated control group, ischemia stroke model group, waggle needling group, routine needling group and baclofen group. Neurological function and muscle tone were assessed by the Zea Longa score and modified Ashworth scale, respectively. Indirect muscle tone was testified with electrophysiological recording. C...
Source: NeuroReport - June 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research

Astragaloside IV regulates the HIF/VEGF/Notch signaling pathway through miRNA-210 to promote angiogenesis after ischemic stroke.
CONCLUSIONS: AS-IV promotes cerebral protection following angiogenesis and ischemic brain injury. The specific mechanism was activating the HIF/VEGF/Notch signaling pathway via miRNA-210. PMID: 32417803 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience - May 19, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Restor Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

Environmental enrichment enhances post-ischemic cerebral blood flow and functional hyperemia in the ipsilesional somatosensory cortex.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of environmental enrichment treatment on post-ischemic cerebral blood flow and functional hyperemia in the ipsilesional primary somatosensory cortex of rats. With laser speckle imaging, we were able to monitor the resting cerebral blood flow alteration in the middle cerebral artery occlusion model. Both 3- and 28-day post-ischemic infarct volumes were then examined with triphenyltetrazolium chloride and cresyl violet staining, respectively. We found that an exposure to environmental enrichment was associated with higher post-ischemic cerebral blood flow and less brain tissue loss ...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - May 4, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Xie H, Zhang Q, Zhou N, Li C, Yu K, Liu G, Wu J, Jiang C, Hu R, Wu Y Tags: Brain Res Bull Source Type: research

Resveratrol reduces cerebral edema through inhibition of de novo SUR1 expression induced after focal ischemia.
Abstract Cerebral edema is a clinical problem that frequently follows ischemic infarcts. Sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) is an inducible protein that can form a heteromultimeric complex with aquaporin 4 (AQP4) that mediate the ion/water transport involved in brain tissue swelling. Transcription of the Abcc8 gene coding for SUR1 depends on the activity of transcriptional factor SP1, which is modulated by the cellular redox environment. Since oxidative stress is implicated in the induced neuronal damage in ischemia and edema formation, the present study aimed to evaluate if the antioxidant resveratrol (RSV) prevents ...
Source: Experimental Neurology - May 3, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Alquisiras-Burgos I, Ortiz-Plata A, Franco-Pérez J, Millán A, Aguilera P Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Interleukin-18 from neurons and microglia mediates depressive behaviors in mice with post-stroke depression.
In this study, we demonstrate that in IL-18 level in the ischemic brain significantly increased in mice with depression-like behaviors that caused by the combined use of chronic spatial restraint stress and middle cerebral artery occlusion. Interestingly, IL-18 expression was mainly found in neurons at early phase and in microglia in late phase. Injection of exogenous IL-18 in to the amygdala, but not the hippocampus or the striatum, caused severe depression-like behaviors. On the contrary, the blockage of endogenous IL-18 by IL-18 binding protein, a specific antagonist of IL-18, rescued depressive phenotypes in SIR mice. ...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - April 5, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Wu D, Zhang G, Zhao C, Yang Y, Miao Z, Xu X Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

Flinders Sensitive Line rats are resistant to infarction following transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that the rat strain does not influence infarct volumes following MCAo. PMID: 32194078 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research - March 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Bay V, Happ DF, Ardalan M, Quist A, Oggiano F, Chumak T, Hansen K, Ding M, Mallard C, Andrew Tasker R, Wegener G Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

LncRNAGAS5 sponges miRNA-221 to promote neurons apoptosis by up-regulated PUMA under hypoxia condition.
Conclusions: the present study revealed that GAS5 aggravated cell apoptosis in hypoxia condition via miR-221/PUMA axis, which may provide potential targets for the treatment of stroke. PMID: 31878844 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurological Research - December 28, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

An update on clinical, pathological, diagnostic, and therapeutic perspectives of childhood leukodystrophies.
Authors: Ashrafi MR, Amanat M, Garshasbi M, Kameli R, Nilipour Y, Heidari M, Rezaei Z, Tavasoli AR Abstract Introduction: Leukodystrophies constitute heterogenous group of rare heritable disorders primarily affecting the white matter of central nervous system. These conditions are often under-appreciated among physicians. The first clinical manifestations of leukodystrophies are often nonspecific and can occur in different ages from neonatal to late adulthood periods. The diagnosis is, therefore, challenging in most cases.Area covered: Herein, the authors discuss different aspects of leukodystrophies. The authors used...
Source: Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics - December 13, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Expert Rev Neurother Source Type: research

Ropinirole induces neuroprotection following reperfusion-promoted mitochondrial dysfunction after focal cerebral ischemia in Wistar rats.
In conclusion, these results demonstrate that Ropinirole treatment is beneficial in preserving the mitochondrial functions that are altered in cerebral ischemic injury and thus can help in defining better therapies. PMID: 31816341 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurotoxicology - December 5, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Andrabi SS, Tabassum H, Parveen S, Parvez S Tags: Neurotoxicology Source Type: research

Motor deficit in the mouse ferric chloride-induced distal middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke.
In this study, we reproduced the recently developed model and expanded its characterization by thorough evaluation of blood supply, cerebral infarction, and motor function in adult male and female mice up to 14 days after stroke. Our observations indicate near complete interruption of blood flow in the distal MCA shortly after application of 20% ferric chloride over the artery through a cranial window, which remained occluded for at least 4 hours. As expected, infarction of the brain tissue, documented by TTC and hematoxylin stains, was restricted to the cerebral cortex. We also systematically evaluated motor impairment ...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - December 4, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Syeara N, Alamri FF, Jayaraman S, Lee P, Karamyan ST, Arumugam TV, Karamyan VT Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Bumetanide: A review of its neuroplasticity and behavioral effects after stroke.
Authors: Tao D, Liu F, Sun X, Qu H, Zhao S, Zhou Z, Xiao T, Zhao C, Zhao M Abstract Stroke often leads to neuronal injury and neurological functional deficits. Whilst spontaneous neurogenesis and axon regeneration are induced by ischemic stroke, effective pharmacological treatments are also essential for the improvement of neuroplasticity and functional recovery after stroke. However, no pharmacological therapy has been demonstrated to be able to effectively improve the functional recovery after stroke. Bumetanide is a specific Na +-K +-Cl- co-transporter inhibitor which can maintain chloride homeostasis in neuro...
Source: Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience - July 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Restor Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase regulates monocyte/macrophage polarization and improves neurological outcome in a rat model of ischemic stroke
This study aimed to evaluate whether a selective sEH inhibitor, 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-dodecanoic acid (AUDA), can regulate monocyte/macrophage polarization and improve motor function in the rats with ischemic stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. We measured the infarct volume with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and used the rotarod test to assess motor performance in rats. The monocyte/macrophage activation and mRNA expression of proinflammatory mediators were measured by flow cytometry and reverse-transcription quantitative PCR, respectively. Our results showed better neurological funct...
Source: NeuroReport - April 27, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: DEGENERATION AND REPAIR Source Type: research

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