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Aedes –Chikungunya Virus Interaction: Key Role of Vector Midguts Microbiota and Its Saliva in the Host Infection
Conclusion and Perspectives
Arbovirus infections, such as CHIKV, have been growing worldwide and are becoming a major public health problem, especially in immuno-compromised classes such as children and the elderly. CHIKV is dangerous since it can cause arthritis, fever and other impairments, making it necessary to seek new ways to counter the proliferation of this virus. Knowing the vector’s competence is fundamentally important, including an understanding of the vector virus interaction and the modulation of this interaction. Despite advances in the knowledge of mosquito competence in the transmission of CHIKV, l...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 8, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Surveillance and Genomics of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 From Fish, Phytoplankton and Water in Lake Victoria, Tanzania
This study reports the occurrence of multidrug resistant V. cholerae O1 in Lake Victoria that are genetically closely related to recent pandemic strains in Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda. The strains identified are also closely related to older pandemic strains recovered in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi and Tanzania up until 1993, suggesting a long-term persistence and wide spatial distribution of pandemic strains within the region with the lake serving as a reservoir. These environmental isolates likely emerged from previous cholera outbreaks and survived in the lake environment for decades through various relatio...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 29, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Major Traditional Probiotics: Comparative Genomic Analyses and Roles in Gut Microbiome of Eight Cohorts
This study provides conceptual advances that lays the foundation for future applications in personalized probiotics, which must consider both the species/strain heterogeneity and individual heterogeneity.
Author Contributions
GH and GL designed the study. GL, BL, CY, YW, XB, WL, and FL performed the experiments and analyzed the data. GL wrote the manuscript.
Funding
This research was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFD0400303).
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that cou...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 8, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
IJERPH, Vol. 17, Pages 3579: Farmers ’ Perceptions and Drivers of Antimicrobial Use and Abuse in Commercial Pig Production, Ogun State, Nigeria
IJERPH, Vol. 17, Pages 3579: Farmers’ Perceptions and Drivers of Antimicrobial Use and Abuse in Commercial Pig Production, Ogun State, Nigeria
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103579
Authors:
Adebowale
Adeyemo
Bankole
Olasoju
Adesokan
Fasanmi
Adeyemo
Awoyomi
Kehinde
Fasina
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in humans has been linked to non-judicious antimicrobial use (AMU) in food animals. To develop antimicrobial stewardship plans (AMSPs) for pig farmers, there is the need to understand the current status of AMU and the driving factors...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - May 19, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Adebowale Adeyemo Bankole Olasoju Adesokan Fasanmi Adeyemo Awoyomi Kehinde Fasina Tags: Article Source Type: research
Community pharmacists ’ management of self-limiting infections: a simulation study in Akwa Ibom State, South-South Nigeria
Conclusion: This study shows high rate of inappropriate antibiotics dispensing among community pharmacists. There is need for improved awareness of antibiotic resistance through continuing education and training of community pharmacists. Furthermore, the inclusion of antibiotic resistance and stewardship in undergraduate pharmacy curriculum is needed.Keywords: Antibiotics; pharmacists; common cold; acute diarrhoea; community pharmacy; patient simulation.
Source: African Health Sciences - August 2, 2021 Category: African Health Authors: Richard Mary Akpan, Emmanuel Imo Udoh, Samuel Emediong Akpan, Chioma Cynthia Ozuluoha Source Type: research
Genetically Modified Mosquitoes Have Come to the U.S. Will They Work?
“Our Mosquito Project Takes Flight,” reads a baby-blue billboard off US-1 in the Florida Keys, alongside an image of an insect tracing a path in the shape of a heart. Sponsored by the local mosquito control board and U.K.-based biotech firm Oxitec, the ad promotes a contentious plan to release millions of genetically modified Aedes aegypti mosquitoes here to test a new method of bioengineered pest control. It’s the first-ever such experiment in the United States, and one that has turned this chain of sun-soaked island communities into a battleground over scientific truth, government authority, and humanit...
Source: TIME: Health - May 9, 2021 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alejandro de la Garza / Florida Keys, Fl. Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news
Molecular and cellular biology of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: a review of current concepts and future trends in treatment.
Conclusions Understanding the complex cellular biology, physiology, hemodynamics, and flow-related phenomena of AVMs is critical for defining and predicting their behavior, developing novel drug treatments, and improving endovascular and surgical therapies.
PMID: 25175428 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Neurosurgical Focus - September 1, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Rangel-Castilla L, Russin JJ, Martinez-Del-Campo E, Soriano-Baron H, Spetzler RF, Nakaji P Tags: Neurosurg Focus Source Type: research
Systemic and topical antibiotics for chronic rhinosinusitis.
CONCLUSIONS: We found very little evidence that systemic antibiotics are effective in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. We did find moderate quality evidence of a modest improvement in disease-specific quality of life in adults with chronic rhinosinusitis without polyps receiving three months of a macrolide antibiotic. The size of improvement was moderate (0.5 points on a five-point scale) and only seen at the end of the three-month treatment; by three months later no difference was found.Despite a general understanding that antibiotics can be associated with adverse effects, including gastrointestinal disturbances, th...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 25, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Head K, Chong LY, Piromchai P, Hopkins C, Philpott C, Schilder AG, Burton MJ Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum.
CONCLUSIONS: There are no data on whether prophylaxis for ophthalmia neonatorum prevents serious outcomes such as blindness or any adverse visual outcome. Moderate-certainty evidence suggests that the use of prophylaxis may lead to a reduction in the incidence of ACAE in newborns but the evidence for effect on GC, CC or BC was less certain. Comparison of individual interventions did not suggest any consistently superior intervention, but data were limited. A trial comparing tetracycline, povidone-iodine (single administration), and chloramphenicol for GC and CC could potentially provide the community with an effective,...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - September 20, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Kapoor VS, Evans JR, Vedula SS Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
Isotretinoin Exposure and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusions and RelevanceOur study did not show an increased risk of IBD with prior isotretinoin use. If anything, the risk seemed to be decreased. Although these results may be due to chance given the small number of IBD cases, the anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects of isotretinoin may be worth exploring.
Source: JAMA Dermatology - December 1, 2014 Category: Dermatology Source Type: research
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of the Response of Probiotic Putative Lactococcus lactis NCDO 2118 Strain to Different Oxygen Availability Under Temperature Variation
Conclusion
In this work we applied the label-free proteomics approach to quantify the L. lactis subsp. lactis NCDO 2118 proteome in response to NAE or AN conditions under different temperatures. This comparative proteomic analysis generates different proteomic profiles which enabled the validation of in silico data of the L. lactis NCDO 2118 genome. The quantitative changes detected in our proteomic analysis showed the versatility of the functional genome of NCDO 2118, which reflects in its physiological adaptation to environmental changes that might be found during its passage inside TGI or in industrial processes. Altog...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 10, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Initial Trials With Susceptibility-Based and Empiric Anti-H. pylori Therapies in Mongolia
Conclusion: In Mongolia, the prevalence of H. pylori resistance is high requiring bismuth quadruple therapy or susceptibility-based therapy to obtain acceptable cure rates.
Introduction
As in most developing countries, the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is high in Mongolia (Nyamdavaa, 2013) with reported prevalence ranging of 80% among adults (Matsuhisa et al., 2015; Khasag et al., 2018), 64% among adolescents, and 65 and 100% among pediatric patients with gastric comorbidity (Go, 2013). Gastric cancer is a common problem in Mongolia; an age-standardized rate of 33.1 per 100,000, which is the second hi...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes, Cassettes, and Plasmids Present in Salmonella enterica Associated With United States Food Animals
This study revealed that a diverse group of plasmids, carrying AR genes, are responsible for the phenotypic resistance seen in Salmonella isolated from United States food animals. It was also determined that many plasmids carry similar ARCs.
Introduction
Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica is one of the most common causes of foodborne illnesses globally, with an estimated 1.2 million cases each year in the United States alone (CDC, 2013). Symptoms range from self-limiting gastrointestinal illness to sepsis. These infections can lead to death unless treated with antibiotics (Crump et al., 2015). Unfortunately, antimic...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Bacterial Profile, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, and Associated Factors among Dental Caries-Suspected Patients Attending the Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Private Dental Clinic in Mekelle, Northern Ethiopia
CONCLUSION: Based on our findings, we recommend the integration of routine culture and AST into clinical practice that might support the diagnosis and management of MDR in dental caries. The education on proper dietary habits might support the prevention and control of dental caries. It is important to provide health education on how to improve oral health in the study area. The education on proper dietary habits might support the prevention and control of dental caries. Further study is needed to find the other determinant factors of dental caries.PMID:36299705 | PMC:PMC9592214 | DOI:10.1155/2022/3463472
Source: Biomed Res - October 27, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Abu Kiros Muthupandian Saravanan Selam Niguse Dawit Gebregziabher Getahun Kahsay Ranjithkumar Dhandapani Ragul Paramasivam Tadele Araya Tsehaye Asmelash Source Type: research
