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Condition: Obesity
Drug: Insulin

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Total 476 results found since Jan 2013.

The Discovery and Development of Liraglutide and Semaglutide
We describe one such approach, albumin binding, and explain how it was applied in the development of the human GLP-1 analog liraglutide once daily and, subsequently, semaglutide once weekly. The pharmacology of these two long-acting GLP-1 analogs, in terms of improving glycemic control, reducing body weight and decreasing cardiovascular (CV) risk, is also reviewed, together with some novel biology. In addition, we describe the importance of accurate target (GLP-1 receptor) tissue expression analysis. Now an established class of agents, GLP-1-based therapies represent a significant advance in the treatment of T2D. All curr...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 11, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Cell-Based Therapies for Stroke: Promising Solution or Dead End? Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Comorbidities in Preclinical Stroke Research
Conclusion The high prevalence of comorbidities in patients with stroke indicates the need for therapies in preclinical studies that take into account these comorbidities in order to avoid failures in translation to the patient. Preclinical studies are beginning to evaluate the efficacy of MSC treatment in stroke associated with comorbidities, especially hypertension, for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Regarding aging and diabetes, only ischemic stroke studies have been performed. For the moment, few studies have been performed and contradictory results are being reported. These contradictory results may be due to the u...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Programming During and After Diabetic Pregnancy: Role of Placental Dysfunction and IUGR
This study demonstrated that the incidence of ischemic heart disease and death were three times higher among men with low birth weight compared to men with high birth weight (5). Epidemiological investigations of adults born at the time of the Dutch famine between 1944 and 1945 revealed an association between maternal starvation and a low infant birth weight with a high incidence of hypertension and coronary heart disease in these adults (23). Furthermore, Painter et al. reported the incidence of early onset coronary heart disease among persons conceived during the Dutch famine (24). In that regard, Barker's findin...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 8, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Neuroimaging and Neurolaw: Drawing the Future of Aging
Vincenzo Tigano1, Giuseppe Lucio Cascini2, Cristina Sanchez-Castañeda3, Patrice Péran4 and Umberto Sabatini5* 1Department of Juridical, Historical, Economic and Social Sciences, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy 2Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy 3Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain 4ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France 5Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, ...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 7, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Neurocognition in treatment-resistant hypertension: profile and associations with cardiovascular biomarkers
Conclusion: Neurocognitive impairments are common in adults with treatment-resistant hypertension, particularly on tests of executive function. Better neurocognition is independently associated with aerobic fitness, microvascular function, and CVRFs.
Source: Journal of Hypertension - March 29, 2019 Category: Cardiology Tags: ORIGINAL PAPERS: Treatment Source Type: research

The incidence rate of diabetes mellitus (type II) and its related risk factors: A 10-year longitudinal study of Yazd Healthy Heart Cohort (YHHC), Iran
ConclusionIn the present study, Age, family history of DM, abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, and high uric acid are the most important risk factors for diabetes.
Source: Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews - February 27, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Incidence rate of diabetes mellitus (type II) and its related risk factors: A 10-year longitudinal study of Yazd Healthy Heart Cohort (YHHC), Iran
ConclusionIn the present study, Age, family history of DM, abdominal obesity, high triglycerides and high uric acid are the most important risk factors for diabetes.
Source: Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews - February 6, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Crosstalk between MicroRNAs and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and Their Emerging Regulatory Roles in Cardiovascular Pathophysiology.
Authors: Zhang YF, Xu HM, Yu F, Wang M, Li MY, Xu T, Gao YY, Wang JX, Li PF Abstract Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) play vital roles in cardiovascular pathophysiology, such as energy balance, cell proliferation/apoptosis, inflammatory response, and adipocyte differentiation. These vital roles make PPARs potential targets for therapeutic prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Emerging evidence indicates that the crosstalk of microRNAs (miRNAs) and PPARs contributes greatly to CVD pathogenesis. PPARs are inhibited by miRNAs at posttranscriptional mechanisms in the progress of pulmonary hyp...
Source: PPAR Research - January 11, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: PPAR Res Source Type: research

Macrovascular disease: pathogenesis and risk assessment
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by obesity and insulin resistance. Macrovascular (cardiovascular) disease (CVD) encompasses myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral arterial disease. It is caused by atherosclerosis, a complex pathological process that is accelerated in people with diabetes and therefore accounts for a higher proportion of total mortality. Risk is modified by established factors including hypertension and dyslipidaemia (which are linked to underlying insulin resistance), and microalbuminuria/renal impairment.
Source: Medicine - December 24, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Sandro Vella, John R. Petrie Tags: Macrovascular disease Source Type: research

What is type 2 diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia. It is associated with reduced life expectancy owing to a greater risk of heart disease, stroke, peripheral neuropathy, renal disease, blindness and amputation. The best-known predictors of increased diabetes risk are elevated fasting plasma glucose, elevated 1- and 2-hour plasma glucose after an oral glucose tolerance test, obesity and evidence of impaired insulin action. However, the mechanisms by which people with impaired fasting glucose and/or abnormal glucose tolerance ‘progress’ to overt T2DM are not completely understood.
Source: Medicine - November 29, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Maria Daniela Hurtado, Adrian Vella Tags: Diabetes: basic facts Source Type: research

Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with cardiovascular disease and subclinical atherosclerosis.
Authors: Sao R, Aronow WS Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to fatty infiltration of liver in the absence of significant alcohol intake, use of steatogenic medication, or hereditary disorders. It is a common cause of chronic liver disease with a worldwide estimated prevalence ranging from 6.3% to 33%. The NAFLD is considered a hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance and increased oxidative stress are central to pathogenesis of NAFLD, and risk factors include metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, obesity, lack of physical activity, smoking, and high fat diet. NAFL...
Source: Archives of Medical Science - November 6, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Arch Med Sci Source Type: research

IJERPH, Vol. 15, Pages 2368: Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Human Erythrocytes: Atomic Force Microscopy and Spectral Investigations
el Masilamani Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disease indicated by high sugar levels in the blood over a prolonged period. When left untreated, it can lead to long-term complications, such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and diabetic retinopathy or foot ulcers. Approximately 415 million people (about 8.3% of the world’s population) had diabetes worldwide in 2015, with 90% of the cases classified as Type 2 DM, which is caused by insulin resistance that arises mostly from being overweight and from a lack of exercise. DM affects every part of the body, including the erythrocytes. The aim of t...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - October 26, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Mohamad S. AlSalhi Sandhanasamy Devanesan Khalid E. AlZahrani Mashael AlShebly Fatima Al-Qahtani Karim Farhat Vadivel Masilamani Tags: Article Source Type: research

10 Ways to Keep Your Heart Healthy
No one ever had fun visiting the cardiologist. ­Regardless of how good the doc might be, it’s always a little scary thinking about the health of something as fundamental as the heart. But there are ways to take greater control—to ensure that your own heart health is the best it can be—even if you have a family history of cardiovascular disease. Although 50% of cardiovascular-disease risk is genetic, the other 50% can be modified by how you live your life, according to Dr. Eugenia Gianos, director of Women’s Heart Health at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City. “This means you can greatly ...
Source: TIME: Health - October 17, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Lisa Lombardi and Jamie Ducharme Tags: Uncategorized Baby Boomer Health heart health Source Type: news

Bariatric surgery and diabetes remission: how far have we progressed?
This article will review the effectiveness of bariatric procedures on the remission and improvement of diabetes and its implicated mechanisms. PMID: 30298760 [PubMed]
Source: Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism - October 12, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

A clinical review of the effectiveness of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against cardiovascular dysfunction and related metabolic syndrome
In conclusion, consuming fresh tomato supplements may contribute to the prevention of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular dysfunctions through positively affecting biochemical pathways associated with these conditions.
Source: Journal of Herbal Medicine - October 5, 2018 Category: Complementary Medicine Source Type: research