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Condition: Diabetes Mellitus

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Total 263 results found since Jan 2013.

Systems Biology Approaches and Precision Oral Health: A Circadian Clock Perspective
Conclusion Most head and neck pathologies show a broad cellular heterogeneity making it difficult to achieve an accurate diagnosis and efficient treatment (Graf and Zavodszky, 2017; Lo Nigro et al., 2017). Single cell analysis of circadian omics (Lande-Diner et al., 2015; Abraham et al., 2018), may be a crucial tool needed in the future to fully understand the circadian control of head and neck diseases. It becomes more obvious that there is only a small genetic component but a largely unknown epigenetics and/or environmental component for most of the head and neck pathologies (Moosavi and Motevalizadeh Ardekani, 2016; He...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Connecting Metainflammation and Neuroinflammation Through the PTN-MK-RPTP β/ζ Axis: Relevance in Therapeutic Development
Conclusion The expression of the components of the PTN-MK-RPTPβ/ζ axis in immune cells and in inflammatory diseases suggests important roles for this axis in inflammation. Pleiotrophin has been recently identified as a limiting factor of metainflammation, a chronic pathological state that contributes to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Pleiotrophin also seems to potentiate acute neuroinflammation independently of the inflammatory stimulus while MK seems to play different -even opposite- roles in acute neuroinflammation depending on the stimulus. Which are the functions of MK and PTN in chronic neuroi...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

F-box protein-32 down-regulates small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel 2 in diabetic mouse atria Molecular Bases of Disease
In conclusion, DM-induced SK2 channel down-regulation appears to be due to an FBXO-32-dependent increase in UPS-mediated SK2 protein degradation.
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - March 14, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Tian-You Ling, Fu Yi, Tong Lu, Xiao-Li Wang, Xiaojing Sun, Monte S. Willis, Li-Qun Wu, Win-Kuang Shen, John P. Adelman, Hon-Chi Lee Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

AIM2 gene silencing attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy in type 2 diabetic rat model
Publication date: Available online 18 February 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Xuyang Wang, Jinyu Pan, Hui Liu, Mingjun Zhang, Dian Liu, Lu Lu, Jingjing Tian, Ming Liu, Tao Jin, Fengshuang AnAbstractAimsAbsent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) is a cytosolic DNA sensor which plays an important role in inflammasome formation and is involved in various cellular functions including pyroptosis, fibrosis, and tissue injury. Our study aimed to investigate whether AIM2 plays a role in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and to explore its potential molecular mechanism.Main methodsSprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control,...
Source: Life Sciences - February 18, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Anagliptin ameliorates high glucose- induced endothelial dysfunction via suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation mediated by SIRT1
Publication date: March 2019Source: Molecular Immunology, Volume 107Author(s): Tiechao Jiang, Dongli Jiang, Lirong Zhang, Mei Ding, Hui ZhouAbstractHigh glucose- induced endothelial dysregulation has been recognized as an initiation of vascular complications in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Anagliptin is a novel licensed dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor for the treatment of T2DM. The effects of anagliptin in high glucose- induced endothelial dysfunction are less reported. In the current study, we found that treatment with anagliptin prevented high glucose- induced reduction of cell viability and increase in LDH ...
Source: Molecular Immunology - January 18, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Arsenic modifies serotonin metabolism through glucuronidation in pancreatic β-cells.
Abstract In arsenic-endemic regions of the world, arsenic exposure correlates with diabetes mellitus. Multiple animal models of inorganic arsenic (iAs, As3+) exposure have revealed that iAs-induced glucose intolerance manifests as a result of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. To define the mechanisms responsible for this β-cell defect, the MIN6-K8 mouse β-cell line was exposed to environmentally-relevant doses of iAs. Exposure to 0.1-1 µM iAs for 3 days significantly decreased glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS). Serotonin and its precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), were both decreased. Supplementation w...
Source: Am J Physiol Endocri... - December 18, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Carmean CM, Yokoi N, Takahashi H, Oduori OS, Kang C, Kanagawa A, Kirkley AG, Han G, Landeche M, Hidaka S, Katoh M, Sargis RM, Seino S Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) modulates the inflammatory response of mesangial cells in response to glucose.
Abstract Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most devastating complications of diabetes mellitus. Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is a basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factor that primarily mediates glucose homeostasis in the body. The present study investigated the role of ChREBP in the pathogenesis of DN. The expression of ChREBP was detected in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diabetic mice and mesangial cells. ELISA was used to measure cytokine production in mesangial cells. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to detect the apoptosis of mes...
Source: Bioscience Reports - November 12, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chen Y, Wang YJ, Zhao Y, Wang JC Tags: Biosci Rep Source Type: research

Hyperglycemia aggravates microenvironment hypoxia and promotes the metastatic ability of pancreatic cancer
ConclusionOur results demonstrate that the association between hyperglycemia and poor prognosis can be attributed to microenvironment hypoxia in pancreatic cancer.Graphical Abstract
Source: Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal - October 30, 2018 Category: Biotechnology Source Type: research

Anticancer Activity of Metformin, an Antidiabetic Drug, Against Ovarian Cancer Cells Involves Inhibition of Cysteine-Rich 61 (Cyr61)/Akt/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Signaling Pathway.
CONCLUSIONS Taken together, we concluded that metformin exhibits anticancer effects and Cyr61 acts as a direct target for metformin in ovarian cancer cells. PMID: 30171812 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - September 2, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

SIRT1 suppresses high glucose and palmitate-induced osteoclast differentiation via deacetylating p66Shc
In conclusion, this study confirms the role of DM in osteoclast differentiation in vitro. SIRT1 suppresses HG- and PA-induced osteoclast differentiation via p66Shc/ROS/NF-κB signaling.
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - July 21, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

MicroRNA-141 Inhibits the Proliferation of Penile Cavernous Smooth Muscle Cells Associated with Down-Regulation of the Rhoa/Rho Kinase Signaling Pathway
Conclusion: Decreased expression of miR-141 is associated with up-regulation of RhoA and ROCK2 in the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway in rats with diabetic erectile dysfunction. miR-141 inhibits the growth of penile cavernous smooth muscle cells associated with down-regulation of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathwayin vitro.Cell Physiol Biochem 2018;48:348 –360
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - July 17, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Apoptosis signal regulating kinase-1 and NADPH oxidase mediate human amylin evoked redox stress and apoptosis in pancreatic beta-cells
Publication date: Available online 6 April 2018Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - BiomembranesAuthor(s): Sanghamitra Singh, Diti Chatterjee Bhowmick, Satyabrata Pany, Myungkuk Joe, Noor Zaghlula, Aleksandar M. JeremicAbstractMisfolded toxic human islet amyloid polypeptide or amylin (hA) and plasma membrane-associated redox complex, NADPH oxidase (NOX), have been implicated in the islet β-cell demise associated with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Studies show that hA accumulation is stressful to β-cells and that misfolding of human amylin evokes redox stress and activates mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinas...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Biomembranes - July 11, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

DNA binding protein HMGB1 secreted by activated microglia promotes the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in diabetes complicated with OSA
Publication date: Available online 18 June 2018Source: Brain, Behavior, and ImmunityAuthor(s): Yu Shi, Xiangyu Guo, Jie Zhang, Hanchi Zhou, Bei Sun, Jing FengAbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may cause neuronal apoptosis and cognitive deficits, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We aimed to determine the relationship between the activation of microglia and the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, specifically in terms of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), after high glucose (HG) and intermittent hypoxia (IH) exposure. Diabetic KK-Ay mice and non-diabetic C57BL/6J...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - July 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Apoptosis signal regulating kinase-1 and NADPH oxidase mediate human amylin evoked redox stress and apoptosis in pancreatic beta-cells
Publication date: Available online 6 April 2018Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - BiomembranesAuthor(s): Sanghamitra Singh, Diti Chatterjee Bhowmick, Satyabrata Pany, Myungkuk Joe, Noor Zaghlula, Aleksandar M. JeremicAbstractMisfolded toxic human islet amyloid polypeptide or amylin (hA) and plasma membrane-associated redox complex, NADPH oxidase (NOX), have been implicated in the islet β-cell demise associated with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Studies show that hA accumulation is stressful to β-cells and that misfolding of human amylin evokes redox stress and activates mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinas...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Biomembranes - July 5, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

DNA binding protein HMGB1 secreted by activated microglia promotes the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in diabetes complicated with OSA
Publication date: Available online 18 June 2018Source: Brain, Behavior, and ImmunityAuthor(s): Yu Shi, Xiangyu Guo, Jie Zhang, Hanchi Zhou, Bei Sun, Jing FengAbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may cause neuronal apoptosis and cognitive deficits, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We aimed to determine the relationship between the activation of microglia and the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, specifically in terms of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), after high glucose (HG) and intermittent hypoxia (IH) exposure. Diabetic KK-Ay mice and non-diabetic C57BL/6J...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - July 5, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research