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Condition: Asthma

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Total 404 results found since Jan 2013.

A 7-Amino Acid Peptide Mimic from Hepatitis C Virus Hypervariable Region 1 Inhibits Mouse Lung Th9 Cell Differentiation by Blocking CD81 Signaling during Allergic Lung Inflammation.
Authors: Zhao W, Tan C, Yu X, Yu R, Mei Q, Cheng Y Abstract T helper (Th) cells orchestrate allergic lung inflammation in asthma pathogenesis. Th9 is a novel Th cell subset that mainly produces IL-9, a potent proinflammatory cytokine in asthma. A 7-amino acid peptide (7P) of the hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of hepatitis C virus has been identified as an important regulator in the type 2 cytokine (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) immune response. However, it is unknown whether 7P regulates Th9 cell differentiation during ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced allergic lung inflammation. To address this, we studied wild-type mice treated ...
Source: Journal of Immunology Research - April 8, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: J Immunol Res Source Type: research

Inhibition of PI3K δ Enhances Poly I:C-Induced Antiviral Responses and Inhibits Replication of Human Metapneumovirus in Murine Lungs and Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Viral infections of the airway can exacerbate respiratory diseases, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and accelerate disease progression. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)δ, a class 1A PI3K, has been studied as a potential target for achieving anti-oncogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the role of PI3Kδ in antiviral responses is poorly understood. Using a synthetic double-stranded RNA poly I:C and a selective PI3Kδ inhibitor IC87114, we investigated the role of PI3Kδ signaling in poly I:C-induced expression of the T lymphocyte-inhibitory molecule programmed death 1 ligand 1 (PD-...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 10, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Role of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 2 on DNA Hydroxymethylation in Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells.
Abstract Global DNA hydroxymethylation mediated by the ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzyme was induced in allergen-induced airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) in mouse lung tissues and specifically in isolated airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. TET is an α-ketoglutarate (α-KG)-dependent enzyme, and the production of α-KG is catalyzed by isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH). However, the role of IDHs in the regulation of DNA hydroxymethylation in ASM cells is unknown. In comparison with non-asthmatic cells, asthmatic ASM cells exhibited a higher TET activity and IDH2 (not IDH-1 and -3) gene expression level. We modifie...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - March 8, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yeung BH, Huang J, An SS, Solway J, Mitzner W, Tang WY Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research

Orosomucoid Like 3 (ORMDL3) Supports Rhinovirus Replication in Human Epithelial Cells.
In this study, we investigated the impact of one of the 17q21 encoded genes, ORMDL3 on RV replication in human epithelial cells. ORMDL3 knockdown inhibited RV-A16 replication in HeLa, BEAS-2B, A549, NCI-H358 epithelial cell lines, and primary nasal and bronchial epithelial cells. Inhibition varied by RV species, as both minor and major group RV-A subtypes, RV-B52 and RV-C2 were inhibited, but not RV-C15 or RV-C41. ORMDL3 siRNA did not affect expression of the major group RV-A receptor ICAM-1 or initial internalization of RV-A16. The two major outcomes of ORMDL3 activity, serine palmitoyl-CoA transferase (SPT) inhibition an...
Source: Am J Respir Cell Mol... - February 19, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Liu Y, Bochkov YA, Eickhoff JC, Hu T, Zumwalde NA, Tan JW, Lopez C, Fichtinger PS, Reddy TR, Overmyer KA, Gumperz JE, Coon J, Mathur SK, Gern JE, Smith JA Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research

Dual role of RACK1 in airway epithelial mesenchymal transition and apoptosis.
Abstract Airway epithelial apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) are two crucial components of asthma pathogenesis, concomitantly mediated by TGF-β1. RACK1 is the downstream target gene of TGF-β1 shown to enhancement in asthma mice in our previous study. Balb/c mice were sensitized twice and challenged with OVA every day for 7 days. Transformed human bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B cells were cultured and exposed to recombinant soluble human TGF-β1 to induced apoptosis (30 ng/mL, 72 hours) and EMT (10 ng/mL, 48 hours) in vitro, respectively. siRNA and pharmacological inhibitors were use...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - February 16, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Pu Y, Liu YQ, Zhou Y, Qi YF, Liao SP, Miao SK, Zhou LM, Wan LH Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Inhibition of RELM-β prevents hypoxia-induced overproliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells by reversing PLC-mediated KCNK3 decline
Publication date: Available online 8 February 2020Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Linlin Han, Nannan Song, Xiaomin Hu, Afang Zhu, Xin Wei, Jinmin Liu, Shiying Yuan, Weike Mao, Xiangdong ChenAbstractAimsAlthough resistin-like molecule β (RELM-β) is involved in the pathological processes of various lung diseases, such as pulmonary inflammation, asthma and fibrosis, its potential roles in hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remain largely unknown. The study aims to investigate whether RELM-β contributes to hypoxia-induced excessive proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and to explor...
Source: Life Sciences - February 9, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Epithelial PI3K- δ Promotes House Dust Mite-Induced Allergic Asthma in NLRP3 Inflammasome-Dependent and -Independent Manners.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that PI3K-δ-isoform can promote HDM-induced allergic airway inflammation via NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent response as well as via NLRP3 inflammasome-independent epithelial cell activation. PMID: 32009326 [PubMed]
Source: Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Research - February 7, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Allergy Asthma Immunol Res Source Type: research

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection of Human Lung Fibroblasts Induces a Hyaluronan-Enriched Extracellular Matrix That Binds Mast Cells and Enhances Expression of Mast Cell Proteases
Human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) treated with the viral mimetic polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) form an extracellular matrix (ECM) enriched in hyaluronan (HA) that avidly binds monocytes and lymphocytes. Mast cells are important innate immune cells in both asthma and acute respiratory infections including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV); however, the effect of RSV on HA dependent mast cell adhesion and/or function is unknown. To determine if RSV infection of HLFs leads to the formation of a HA-enriched ECM that binds and enhances mast cell activity primary HLFs were infected with RSV for 48 h prior to leukocyte bi...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - January 27, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Blocking Notch3 Signaling Abolishes MUC5AC Production in Airway Epithelial Cells from Asthmatics.
CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that NOTCH3 is a regulator of MUC5AC production. Increased NOTCH3 signaling in the asthmatic airway epithelium may therefore be an underlying driver of excess MUC5AC production. PMID: 31922915 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Am J Respir Cell Mol... - January 9, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Reid AT, Nichol KS, Chander-Veerati P, Moheimani F, Kicic A, Stick SM, Bartlett NW, Grainge CL, Wark PAB, Hansbro PM, Knight DA Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research

Mammalian target of rapamycin and p70S6K mediate thrombin-induced nuclear factor- κB activation and IL-8/CXCL8 release in human lung epithelial cells.
In conclusion, these results indicate that thrombin initiates the Akt-dependent mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway to promote p300 phosphorylation and NF-κB activation and finally induces IL-8/CXCL8 release in human lung epithelial cells. PMID: 31863766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - December 17, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lin CH, Shih CH, Jiang CP, Wen HC, Cheng WH, Chen BC Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Human airway trypsin-like protease stimulates protease activated receptors and interactions of these receptors
Conclusions: These results indicate that HAT may attack and activate PAR1, PAR2 and PAR3 in HBECs. These PARs, particularly PAR2 and PAR3, are intimately associated with IL-8 synthesis in HBECs, by mutual interrelations.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 20, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Miki, M., Yasuoka, S., Tsutsumi, R., Takeuchi, Y., Miki, K., Kitada, S. Tags: Airway cell biology and immunopathology Source Type: research

LSC - 2019 - RNA degradation is a deficient antiviral mechanism in the asthmatic airway epithelium
Conclusions: Our data suggest that decreased UPF1 levels in asthma BECs contribute to impaired antiviral immunity and RV-induced exacerbations in asthma.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 20, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Wong, T., Rynne, J., Howarth, P. H., Edwards, M. R., Martinez-Nunez, R. T. Tags: Respiratory infections Source Type: research

Cryptotanshinone Attenuates Airway Remodeling by Inhibiting Crosstalk Between Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis and Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 Signaling Pathways in Asthma
The study is to investigate the effect of cryptotanshinone (CTS) on airway remodeling and the possible mechanism. Male BALB/c mice were pretreated with CTS or dexamethasone 30 min before nebulized inhalation of ovalbumin (OVA). CTS significantly inhibited OVA-induced increases of eosinophils and neutrophils infiltration of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs), reduced airway resistance in asthmatic mice, decreased the accumulation of inflammatory cells, the hyperplasia of goblet cells and the deposition of collagen in asthmatic mice lung tissue, as well as markedly attenuated the leakage of inflammatory cells and the leve...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - November 10, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

House dust mite induces Sonic hedgehog signaling that mediates epithelial ‑mesenchymal transition in human bronchial epithelial cells.
House dust mite induces Sonic hedgehog signaling that mediates epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in human bronchial epithelial cells. Mol Med Rep. 2019 Sep 26;: Authors: Zou Y, Song W, Zhou L, Mao Y, Hong W Abstract Epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) provides a valuable source of fibroblasts that produce extracellular matrix in airway walls. The Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway plays an essential role in regulating tissue turnover and homeostasis. SHH is strikingly upregulated in the bronchial epithelia during asthma. Snail1 is a major target of SHH signaling, which regulates EMT and fib...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - November 10, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

MSCs exosomal miR-1470 promotes the differentiation of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Tregs in asthmatic patients by inducing the expression of P27KIP1.
Abstract Exosomes derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) possesses similar immunomodulatory effect as MSCs. It had been suggested that MSCs exosomes contain higher level of miR-1470 compared to exosomes derived from fibroblast. Here, we show that MSCs exosomal miR-1470 can elevate the proportion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in asthmatic patients. Moreover, mechanistic studies revealed that miR-1470 can promote the upregulation of P27KIP1 by directly targeting the 3' region of c-Jun mRNA. Furthermore, miR-1470 mimic transfection could significantly upregulate the proportion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - October 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Zhuansun Y, Du Y, Huang F, Lin L, Chen R, Jiang S, Li J Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research