American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

< em > Pseudomonas aeruginosa < /em > Lipid A Structural Variants Induce Altered Immune Responses
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2024 Apr 24. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2024-0059OC. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPseudomonas aeruginosa causes chronic lung infection in cystic fibrosis (CF), resulting in structural lung damage and progressive pulmonary decline. P. aeruginosa in the CF lung undergoes numerous changes, adapting to host-specific airway pressures while establishing chronic infection. P. aeruginosa undergoes lipid A structural modification during CF chronic infection, not seen in any other disease state. Lipid A, the membrane anchor of lipopolysaccharide (i.e., endotoxin), comprises the majority of the outer membrane of Gr...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - April 24, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Casey E Hofstaedter Ian P O'Keefe Charles M Met Ling Wu Jelly Vanderwoude Sunny Shin Stephen P Diggle Sebastian A Riquelme David A Rasko Yohei Doi Janette M Harro Benjamin T Kopp Robert K Ernst Source Type: research

Lipid Deficiency Contributes to Impaired Alveolar Progenitor Cell Function in Aging and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2024 Apr 24. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0290OC. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an aging-associated interstitial lung disease resulting from repeated epithelial injury and inadequate epithelial repair. Alveolar type II cells (AEC2) are progenitor cells that maintain epithelial homeostasis and repair the lung after injury. In the current study, we assessed lipid metabolism in AEC2s from human lungs of IPF patients and healthy donors, as well as AEC2s from bleomycin-injured young and old mice. Through single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we observed that lipid me...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - April 24, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jiurong Liang Guanling Huang Xue Liu Xuexi Zhang Anas Rabata Ningshan Liu Kai Fang Forough Taghavifar Kristy Dai Vrishika Kulur Dianhua Jiang Paul W Noble Source Type: research

Transcriptomics Analysis Identifies the Decline in the AT2 Stem Cell Niches in Aged Human Lungs
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2024 Apr 18. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0363OC. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAging poses a global public health challenge, which is linked to the rise of age-related lung diseases. The precise understanding of the molecular and genetic changes in the aging lung that elevate the risk of acute and chronic lung diseases remains incomplete. Alveolar type II (AT2) cells are stem cells that maintain epithelial homeostasis and repair the lung after injury. AT2 progenitor function decreases with aging. The maintenance of AT2 function requires niche support from other cell types, but little has been done to ...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - April 18, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xue Liu Xuexi Zhang Changfu Yao Jiurong Liang Paul W Noble Dianhua Jiang Source Type: research

Asthma Pathogenesis: Phenotypes, Therapies and Gaps. Summary of the Aspen Lung Conference 2023
This report summarizes the proceedings of the 2023 Aspen Lung Conference, which was organized to review the clinical and molecular heterogeneity of asthma and to better understand the impact of genetic, environmental, cellular, and molecular influences on disease susceptibility, heterogeneity, and severity. The goals of the conference were to review new information about asthma phenotypes, cellular processes, and cellular signatures underlying disease heterogeneity and treatment response. The report concludes with ongoing gaps in our understanding of asthma pathobiology and provides some recommendations for future research...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - April 18, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Sunita Sharma Anthony N Gerber Monica Kraft Sally E Wenzel Source Type: research

IGFBP7- When Endothelial gCap-ing Goes Wrong in Acute Lung Injury
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2024 Apr 16. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2024-0146ED. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38626308 | DOI:10.1165/rcmb.2024-0146ED (Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology)
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - April 16, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ranu Surolia Jaroslaw W Zmijewski Source Type: research

The Impact of Inflammation on Thermal Hyperpnea: Relevance for Heat Stress and Febrile Seizures
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2024 Apr 10. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0451OC. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTExtreme heat caused by climate change is increasing transmission of infectious diseases resulting in a sharp rise in heat-related illness and mortality. Understanding mechanistic link between heat, inflammation and disease is thus important for public health. Thermal hyperpnea, and consequent respiratory alkalosis is crucial in febrile seizures and convulsions induced by heat stress in humans. Here we address what causes thermal hyperpnea in neonates and how is it affected by inflammation. TRPV1, a heat-activated channel is...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - April 10, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Karlene T Barrett Arijit Roy Aya Ebdalla Quentin J Pittman Richard J A Wilson Morris H Scantlebury Source Type: research

Local, Quantitative Morphometry of Fibroproliferative Lung Injury Using Laminin
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2024 Apr 9. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0294MA. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInvestigations into the mechanisms of injury and repair in fibroproliferative disease require consideration of the spatial heterogeneity inherent in the disease. Most scoring of fibrotic remodeling in preclinical animal models rely on the modified Ashcroft score, which is a semi-quantitative scoring rubric of macroscopic resolution. The obvious limitations inherent in manual pathohistological grading have generated an unmet need for unbiased, repeatable scoring of fibroproliferative burden in tissue. Using computer vision ap...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - April 9, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Brendan P Cox Riley T Hannan Noora Batrash Pearl Raichura Anne I Sperling Yun Michael Shim Jeffrey M Sturek Source Type: research

Unconventional Activation of IRE1 Enhances TH17 Responses and Promotes Airway Neutrophilia
This study found that the UPR sensor IRE1 is induced in the murine lung with fungal asthma and is highly expressed in TH17 cells relative to naïve CD4+ T cells. Cytokine (e.g. IL-23) signals induce the IRE1-XBP1s axis in a JAK2-dependent manner. This noncanonical activation of the IRE1-XBP1s pathway promotes UPRs and cytokine secretion by both human and mouse TH17 cells. Ern1 (encoding IRE1)-deficiency decreases the expression of ER stress factors and impairs the differentiation and cytokine secretion of TH17 cells. Genetic ablation of Ern1 leads to alleviated TH17 responses and airway neutrophilia in a fungal airway infl...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - April 9, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Dandan Wu Xing Zhang Kourtney M Zimmerly Ruoning Wang Amanda Livingston Takao Iwawaki Ashok Kumar Xiang Wu Matthew Campen Michael A Mandell Meilian Liu Xuexian O Yang Source Type: research

DACH1 Attenuates Airway Inflammation in COPD by Activating NRF2 Signaling
This study aims to elucidate the role and underlying mechanism of DACH1 in airway inflammation of COPD. DACH1 expression was measured in lung tissues of patients with COPD. Airway epithelium-specific DACH1 knockdown mice and AAV-transfected DACH1 overexpressed mice were used to investigate its role and potential for therapeutic targeting in experimental COPD caused by CS. Furthermore, we discovered a potential mechanism of DACH1 in inflammation induced by cigarette smoke extract simulation (CSE) in vitro. Compared to non-smokers and smokers without COPD, COPD patients had reduced DACH1 expression, especially in the airway ...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - April 8, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Qian Huang Yiya Gu Jixing Wu Yuan Zhan Zhesong Deng Shanshan Chen Maocuo Peng Ruonan Yang Jinkun Chen Jungang Xie Source Type: research