Semi-supervised learning model synergistically utilizing labeled and unlabeled data for failure detection in optical networks
In optical networks, reliable failure detection is essential for maintaining quality of service. The methodology has evolved from ... (Source: Journal of Optical Communications and Networking)
Source: Journal of Optical Communications and Networking - April 23, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Zhiming Sun Chunyu Zhang Min Zhang Bing Ye Danshi Wang Source Type: research
'Radiation safety of accelerator based radioisotope production facilities', IAEA Specific Safety Guide (SSG-59), 2020
(Source: Journal of Radiological Protection)
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - April 23, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Mishkat A Jafri and I Ulfat Source Type: research
‘Radiation safety of accelerator based radioisotope production facilities’, IAEA Specific Safety Guide (SSG-59), 2020
(Source: Journal of Radiological Protection)
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - April 23, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Mishkat A Jafri and I Ulfat Source Type: research
Heterogeneous PSMA ligand uptake inside parotid glands
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) is an imaging procedure primarily used for detecting prostate cancer [1], which quantifies the expression of the PSMA using radiolabeled PSMA ligands. The PSMA is a type II integral membrane protein expressed in all forms of prostate tissue, including cancerous tissue [2], with expression levels being found to increase with the stage and grade of tumours [3,4,5]. PSMA radioligands also accumulate in other body regions such as the major salivary and lacrimal glands [6,7,8], by a process postulated to be at-least partially unrelated to PSMA-mediated...
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - April 23, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Caleb M. Sample, Carlos Uribe, Arman Rahmim, Fran çois Bénard, Jonn Wu, Haley Clark Tags: Original paper Source Type: research
Optimized scoring of end-to-end dosimetry audits for passive motion management – A simulation study using the IROC thorax phantom
Respiratory motion management is a standard feature of modern radiation therapy (RT) to thoracic and abdominal treatment sites in developed countries [1 –3]. Recent survey data have indicated that passive motion management techniques (including both the internal target volume (ITV) [4] and mid-ventilation [5] approaches) are by far the most prevalently used, most likely due to the now widespread availability of respiratory-correlated planning CT ( 4DCT) [2,3]. Implementing passive motion management in lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in particular is supported by evidence gathered in randomized clinical tr...
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - April 23, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Alex Burton, Mathieu Gaudreault, Nicholas Hardcastle, Jessica Lye, Sabeena Beveridge, Stephen F. Kry, Rick Franich Tags: Original paper Source Type: research
Infrared spectroscopy across scales in length and time at BESSY II
The infrared beamline at BESSY II storage ring was upgraded recently to extend the capabilities of infrared microscopy. The endstations available at the beamline are now facilitating improved characterization of molecules and materials at different length scales and time resolutions. Here, the current outline of the beamline is reported and an overview of the endstations available is given. In particular, the first results obtained by using a new microscope for nano-spectroscopy that was implemented are presented. The capabilities of the scattering-type near-field optical microscope (s-SNOM) are demonstrated by investi...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 23, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Veber, A. Puskar, L. Kneipp, J. Schade, U. Tags: infrared beamline BESSY II nano-spectroscopy cellulose microfibrils beamlines Source Type: research
Wavefront analysis and phase correctors design using SHADOW
In this study, the wavefront error of an imperfect elliptical mirror is predicted by developing a knife-edge program using the SHADOW/OASYS platform. It is shown that the focusing optics can be aligned perfectly by minimizing the parabolic and cubic coefficients of the wavefront error. The residual wavefront error provides precise information about the figure/height errors of the focusing optics suggesting it as an accurate method for in situ optical metrology. A Python program is developed to design a customized wavefront refractive corrector to minimize the residual wavefront error. Uniform beam at and out of focus and h...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 23, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Khosroabadi, H. Laundy, D. Dhamgaye, V. Sawhney, K. Tags: X-ray optics wavefront error ray-tracing simulation refractive wavefront corrector knife-edge imaging research papers Source Type: research
A mechanistic simulation of induced DNA damage in a bacterial cell by X- and gamma rays: a parameter study
AbstractMechanistic Monte Carlo simulations calculating DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation are highly dependent on the simulation parameters. In the present study, using the Geant4-DNA toolkit, the impact of different parameters on DNA damage induced in a bacterial cell by X- and gamma-ray irradiation was investigated. Three geometry configurations, including the simple (without DNA details), the random (a random multiplication of identical DNA segments), and the fractal (a regular replication of DNA segments using fractal Hilbert curves), were simulated. Also, three physics constructors implemented in Geant4-DNA, i.e...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - April 23, 2024 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research
SEEIIST – a new research facility for tumor treatment and biomedical investigations with proton and ion beams
ConclusionsThis infrastructure is unique for Europe and will attract researchers from all European countries to perform their investigations. (Source: Health and Technology)
Source: Health and Technology - April 23, 2024 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
An audit of patient radiation doses during interventional cardiology procedures in Uttarakhand, India, and establishment of local diagnostic reference levels
The objective of this study was to investigate patient radiation doses by a dose audit of three common interventional cardiology (IC) procedures: coronary angiography (CA), percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and CA –PTCA procedures performed in IC centres in the Uttarakhand state of India, for the establishment of local diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) and the estimation of average effective dose (Eav) for these procedures. For each procedure, the values of kerma-area product (PKA), reference air kerma (Ka,r), fluoroscopy time (FT) and the number of cine images were recorded from 1233 CA, 458 PTCA an...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - April 23, 2024 Category: Physics Source Type: research
Updated Analysis of Radon Exposure and Lung Cancer Mortality in the Cohort of Newfoundland Fluorspar Miners (1950-2016)
Radiat Res. 2024 Apr 23. doi: 10.1667/RADE-23-00114.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe commercial mining of fluorspar in St. Lawrence Newfoundland began in 1933. Miners who worked underground were exposed to high levels of radon progeny, especially before ventilation was introduced into the mines in 1960. The mean cumulative radon exposure for underground miners in this cohort was 380.9 working level months (WLM). A series of studies of this cohort have characterized the increased risks of lung cancer mortality due to radon. We have extended the follow-up of this cohort an additional 15 years to provide additional insigh...
Source: Radiation Research - April 22, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Paul J Villeneuve Howard I Morrison Rachel Lane Source Type: research
A scan-specific quality control acquisition for clinical whole-body (WB) MRI protocols
Phys Med Biol. 2024 Apr 22. doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad4195. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTImage quality in whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) may be degraded by faulty radiofrequency (RF) coil elements or mispositioning of the coil arrays. Phantom-based quality control (QC) is used to identify broken RF coil elements but the frequency of these acquisitions is limited by scanner and staff availability. This work aimed to develop a scan-specific QC acquisition and processing pipeline to detect broken RF coil elements, which is sufficiently rapid to be added to the clinical WB-MRI protocol. The purpose of this is to improve the quality o...
Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology - April 22, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Sam Keaveney Georgina Hopkinson Julia E Markus Andrew N Priest Erica Scurr Julie Hughes Scott Robertson Simon J Doran David J Collins Christina Messiou Dow-Mu Koh Jessica M Winfield Source Type: research
Patient-specific temperature distribution prediction in laser interstitial thermal therapy: single-irradiation data-driven method
Phys Med Biol. 2024 Apr 22. doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad4194. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTLaser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) has been popular for treating brain tumours and epilepsy. The strict control of tissue thermal damage extent is crucial for LITT. Temperature prediction is useful for predicting thermal damage extent. Accurately predicting in vivo brain tissue temperature is challenging due to the temperature dependence and the individual variations in tissue properties. Considering these factors is essential for improving the temperature prediction accuracy.OBJECTIVE: To present a method for predicting patient...
Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology - April 22, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Tingting Gao Libin Liang Hui Ding Guangzhi Wang Source Type: research
TIST-Net: style transfer in dynamic contrast enhanced MRI using spatial and temporal information
In this study, our objective is to develop a style transfer method that incorporates spatio-temporal information to either add or remove contrast enhancement from an existing image.
 
We propose a Temporal Image-to-Image Style Transfer Network (TIST-Net), consisting of an auto-encoder combined with convolutional long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. This enables disentanglement of the content and style latent spaces of the time series data, using spatio-temporal information to learn and predict key structures . To generate new images , we use deformable and adaptive convolutions which allow fine grained c...
Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology - April 22, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Adam George Tattersall Keith A Goatman Lucy E Kershaw Scott I K Semple Sonia Dahdouh Source Type: research
Spatially fractionated radiation therapy: a critical review on current status of clinical and preclinical studies and knowledge gaps
Phys Med Biol. 2024 Apr 22. doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad4192. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSpatially fractionated radiation therapy (SFRT) is a therapeutic approach with the potential to disrupt the classical paradigms of conventional radiation therapy. The high spatial dose modulation in SFRT activates distinct radiobiological mechanisms which lead to a remarkable increase in normal tissue tolerances. Several decades of clinical use and numerous preclinical experiments suggest that SFRT has the potential to increase the therapeutic index, especially in bulky and radioresistant tumors. To unleash the full potential of SFRT a...
Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology - April 22, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Yolanda Prezado Michael Grams Emmanuel Jouglar Immaculada Martinez-Rovira Ramon Ortiz Joao Seco Sha Chang Source Type: research
