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Evaluation of hafnium oxide nanoparticles imaging characteristics as a contrast agent in X-ray computed tomography
AbstractThis research aimed to compare the quantitative imaging attributes of synthesized hafnium oxide nanoparticles (NPs) derived from UiO-66-NH2(Hf) and two gadolinium- and iodine-based clinical contrast agents (CAs) using cylindrical phantom. Aqueous solutions of the studied CAs, containing 2.5, 5, and 10  mg/mL of HfO2NPs, gadolinium, and iodine, were prepared. Constructed within a cylindrical phantom, 15  cc small tubes were filled with CAs. Maintaining constant mAs, the phantom underwent scanning at tube voltage variations from 80 to 140 kVp. The CT numbers were quantified in Hounsfield units (HU), and the contras...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - April 17, 2024 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Simulation of time –intensity curve based on k-space filling in breast dynamic contrast-enhanced three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging
This study elucidated the effects of a three-dimensional k-space trajectory incorporating the partial Fourier (PF) technique on a time –intensity curve (TIC) in a dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of a typical malignant breast tumor using a digital phantom. Images were obtained from the Cancer Imaging Archive Open Data for Breast Cancer, and 1-min scans with high temporal resolution were analyzed. The order of the k-space trajectory was set as Linear (sequential), Low–High (centric), PF (62.5%; Z-, Y-, and both directions), and Low–High Radial. k0 (center of the k-space) timing and TIC shape were a...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - April 13, 2024 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Cameron ’s impact on space biomedical sciences—expanding insights to Ng and Doi’s article
(Source: Radiological Physics and Technology)
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - April 12, 2024 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Patient radiation exposure dose reduction using stent-enhanced image processing in percutaneous coronary intervention
We examined the effects of dose reduction based on the image quality of stent enhancement processing using a purpose-built dynamic phantom. We evaluated the image contrast (IC) of the stent in stent-enhanced images (SVref), digital angiography (DA), and stent-enhanced images with a 20%, 40%, and 60% lower imaging doses (SV20, SV40, and SV60). We visually evaluated graininess and stent shape using the mean opinion score (MOS) and retrospectively evaluated the acquisition duration of stent enhancement in PCI cases; finally, we estimated the decrease in patient radiation exposure due to stent enhancement. The image contrast o...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - April 5, 2024 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Monte carlo simulation study on the dose and dose-averaged linear energy transfer distributions in carbon ion radiotherapy
In this study, we calculated the physical doses and their linear energy transfer (LET) distributions for patterns of typical CIRT beams using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. The LETd was then deduced from the MC simulation and compared with that obtained from the conventional method. The two types of LETd agreed well with each other, except around the distal end of the spread-out Bragg peak. Furthermore, an MC simulation was conducted with the material composition of water and realistic materials. The profiles of physical dose and LETd were in good agreement for both techniques. These results indicate that the previous studie...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - April 3, 2024 Category: Physics Source Type: research

An image-based metal artifact reduction technique utilizing forward projection in computed tomography
AbstractThe projection data generated via the forward projection of a computed tomography (CT) image (FP-data) have useful potentials in cases where only image data are available. However, there is a question of whether the FP-data generated from an image severely corrupted by metal artifacts can be used for the metal artifact reduction (MAR). The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a MAR technique using FP-data by comparing its performance with that of a conventional robust MAR using projection data normalization (NMARconv). The NMARconv was modified to make use of FP-data (FPNMAR). A graphics processi...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - March 28, 2024 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Native myocardial T1 mapping using inversion recovery T1-weighted turbo field echo sequence
This study proposes the use of the inversion recoveryT1-weighted turbo field echo (IR-T1TFE) sequence for myocardialT1 mapping and compares the results obtained with those of the modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) method for accuracy, precision, and reproducibility. A phantom containing seven vials with differentT1 values was imaged, thereby comparing theT1 measurements between the inversion recovery spin-echo (IR-SE) technique, MOLLI, and the IR-T1TFE. The accuracy, precision, and reproducibility of theT1-mapping sequences were analyzed in a phantom study. Fifteen healthy subjects were recruited for the in vi...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - March 26, 2024 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Setup time analysis for stereotactic body radiotherapy in O-ring linear accelerator without rotational correction
This study analyse setup time (ST) and frequency of on-board imaging for stereotactic abdomen (liver, stomach), lung, and spine radiotherapy in the absence of automatic rotational correction. Total 53 stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) patients, 28 of abdomen, 19 lung, and 6 spine treated for 230 sessions in O-ring gantry accelerator were evaluated for ST analysis. The mean setup time for all patients, abdomen, lung, and spine cases were 7.7  ± 7.4 min, 9.2 ± 9.2 min, 6.3 ± 4.1 min, and 5.5 ± 3.3 min, respectively. Median number CBCT was 2. 96% of cases had a CBCT between 1 and 3, and 9 (4%) hadâ...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - March 25, 2024 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Feasibility study of radioactivity estimation of 99mTc and 123I-labeled radiopharmaceuticals using shielded syringes
This study investigates the feasibility of estimating the radioactivity of radiopharmaceuticals using shielded syringes. The radioactivities of99mTc-MDP,99mTc-HMDP,99mTc-ECD,99mTc-MAG3, and123I-IMP were measured using a dose calibrator. Correlation coefficients and regression equations were obtained from the radioactivity in the shielded and unshielded syringes.99mTc-MDP was also measured for residual radioactivity after the administration. The correlation coefficients of99mTc-MDP,99mTc-HMDP,99mTc-ECD,99mTc-MAG3, and123I-IMP werers = 0.9998,rs = 0.9997,rs = 0.9999,rs = 0.9998, andrs = 0.9888, respectively. The re...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - March 22, 2024 Category: Physics Source Type: research