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Emergency Surgical Treatment and Triage: Targeting Optimal Outcomes for Emergency Surgical Patients From Index Encounter Through Definitive Care
DISCUSSION: Improving time-based KPIs for delivery of clinical services is a common goal of medical emergency response systems (MERS) in numerous specialties. Implementation of an ESTAT program provides a screening tool for at-risk patients and reduces time to stabilize, diagnose and triage to definitive surgical intervention. These time benefits may ultimately translate to reduced complication rates for ESC patients. ESTAT may also represent a patient onboarding mechanism for surgical specialty verification programs promoted by quality improvement committees of various professional societies.PMID:38655840 | DOI:10.1177/00...
Source: The American Surgeon - April 24, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Jaclyn Kliewer Ilko Luque Mariel A Javier Amanda Moorefield Hector Mendez Zulmari Martinez Jacob Oster Alexis Rangel Orlando Morej ón Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 659: Design and Application of Biosafe Coronavirus Engineering Systems without Virulence
ingxin Ma In the last twenty years, three deadly zoonotic coronaviruses (CoVs)&mdash;namely, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2&mdash;have emerged. They are considered highly pathogenic for humans, particularly SARS-CoV-2, which caused the 2019 CoV disease pandemic (COVID-19), endangering the lives and health of people globally and causing unpredictable economic losses. Experiments on wild-type viruses require biosafety level 3 or 4 laboratories (BSL-3 or BSL-4), which significantly hinders basic virological r...
Source: Viruses - April 24, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Guoqiang Wu Qiaoyu Li Junbiao Dai Guobin Mao Yingxin Ma Tags: Review Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 647: Back to the Basics of SARS-CoV-2 Biochemistry: Microvascular Occlusive Glycan Bindings Govern Its Morbidities and Inform Therapeutic Responses
Wendy E. Hoy Consistent with the biochemistry of coronaviruses as well established over decades, SARS-CoV-2 makes its initial attachment to host cells through the binding of its spike protein (SP) to sialylated glycans (containing the monosaccharide sialic acid) on the cell surface. The virus can then slide over and enter via ACE2. SARS-CoV-2 SP attaches particularly tightly to the trillions of red blood cells (RBCs), platelets and endothelial cells in the human body, each cell very densely coated with sialic acid surface molecules but having no ACE2 or minimal ACE2. These interlaced attachments trigger the blood ce...
Source: Viruses - April 22, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: David E. Scheim Peter I. Parry David J. Rabbolini Colleen Aldous Morimasa Yagisawa Robert Clancy Thomas J. Borody Wendy E. Hoy Tags: Review Source Type: research

A path from synthesis to emergency use authorization of molnupiravir as a COVID-19 therapy
Bioorg Chem. 2024 Apr 17;147:107379. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107379. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCoronaviruses are a group of enveloped viruses with non-segmented, single-stranded, and positive-sense RNA genomes. It belongs to the 'Coronaviridae family', responsible for various diseases, including the common cold, SARS, and MERS. The COVID-19 pandemic, which began in March 2020, has affected 209 countries, infected over a million people, and claimed over 50,000 lives. Significant efforts have been made by repurposing several approved drugs including antiviral, to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. Molnupiravir is found to ...
Source: Bioorganic Chemistry - April 21, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Norein Sakander Ajaz Ahmed Mahir Bhardwaj Diksha Kumari Utpal Nandi Debaraj Mukherjee Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 640: The Dual-Targeted Fusion Inhibitor Clofazimine Binds to the S2 Segment of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
. Armen Clofazimine and Arbidol have both been reported to be effective in vitro SARS-CoV-2 fusion inhibitors. Both are promising drugs that have been repurposed for the treatment of COVID-19 and have been used in several previous and ongoing clinical trials. Small-molecule bindings to expressed constructs of the trimeric S2 segment of Spike and the full-length SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein were measured using a Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) binding assay. We demonstrate that Clofazimine, Toremifene, Arbidol and its derivatives bind to the S2 segment of the Spike protein. Clofazimine provided the most reliable and highest...
Source: Viruses - April 20, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Matthew R. Freidel Pratiti A. Vakhariya Shalinder K. Sardarni Roger S. Armen Tags: Article Source Type: research

Protein kinase C-inhibition reduces critical weight loss and improves functional outcome after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage
This study was undertaken to analyse functional outcomes up to 14 days after experimental SAH. (Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases)
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Jesper P B ömers, Anja Holm, Spyridoula Kazantzi, Professor Lars Edvinsson, Professor Tiit I Mathiesen, Kristian A Haanes Source Type: research

From PDB files to protein features: a comparative analysis of PDB bind and STCRDAB datasets
AbstractUnderstanding protein structures is crucial for various bioinformatics research, including drug discovery, disease diagnosis, and evolutionary studies. Protein structure classification is a critical aspect of structural biology, where supervised machine learning algorithms classify structures based on data from databases such as Protein Data Bank (PDB). However, the challenge lies in designing numerical embeddings for protein structures without losing essential information. Although some effort has been made in the literature, researchers have not effectively and rigorously combined the structural and sequence-base...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - April 16, 2024 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

DSNetax: a deep learning species annotation method based on a deep-shallow parallel framework
Brief Bioinform. 2024 Mar 27;25(3):bbae157. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbae157.ABSTRACTMicrobial community analysis is an important field to study the composition and function of microbial communities. Microbial species annotation is crucial to revealing microorganisms' complex ecological functions in environmental, ecological and host interactions. Currently, widely used methods can suffer from issues such as inaccurate species-level annotations and time and memory constraints, and as sequencing technology advances and sequencing costs decline, microbial species annotation methods with higher quality classification effectiveness be...
Source: Briefings in Bioinformatics - April 11, 2024 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Hongyuan Zhao Suyi Zhang Hui Qin Xiaogang Liu Dongna Ma Xiao Han Jian Mao Shuangping Liu Source Type: research

Recombination analysis on the receptor switching event of MERS-CoV and its close relatives: implications for the emergence of MERS-CoV
PlMERS-CoV is a coronavirus known to cause severe disease in humans, taxonomically classified under the subgenus Merbecovirus. Recent findings showed that the close relatives of MERS-CoV infecting vespertillionid... (Source: Virology Journal)
Source: Virology Journal - April 10, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Jarel Elgin Tolentino, Spyros Lytras, Jumpei Ito and Kei Sato Tags: Research Source Type: research

Structural Basis of HIV-1 gp41 N-trimer for Designing Bifunctional Peptide-based Fusion Inhibitors
CONCLUSION: Moreover, this strategy can be used to investigate antivirals against unknown viruses for future outbreaks.PMID:38584558 | DOI:10.2174/0109298673291459240328074404 (Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry)
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - April 8, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jinlin Wang Peiying Li Ruijuan Li Guodong Liang Yuheng Ma Heiya Na Source Type: research

Time-of-day dependence of running averages for some components of metabolic panels at our hospital: Relation to strategy for patient-based quality control
CONCLUSIONS: At our hospital, TOD-dependence of running means was identified for 7 of 13 metabolic panel analytes. TOD-dependence is likely to be hospital-specific. Utilization of TOD-dependent targets for PBQC, rather than fixed targets, would be appropriate in these cases.PMID:38583551 | DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2024.119667 (Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry)
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - April 7, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Aleksandra O Karaseva Douglas F Stickle Source Type: research

Space-efficient computation of k-mer dictionaries for large values of k
Algorithms Mol Biol. 2024 Apr 5;19(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s13015-024-00259-1.ABSTRACTComputing k-mer frequencies in a collection of reads is a common procedure in many genomic applications. Several state-of-the-art k-mer counters rely on hash tables to carry out this task but they are often optimised for small k as a hash table keeping keys explicitly (i.e., k-mer sequences) takes O ( N k w ) computer words, N being the number of distinct k-mers and w the computer word size, which is impractical for long values of k. This space usage is an important limitation as analysis of long and accurate HiFi sequencing reads can requir...
Source: Algorithms for Molecular Biology : AMB - April 5, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Diego D íaz-Domínguez Miika Leinonen Leena Salmela Source Type: research