Rapid identification of canine uropathogens by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and the clinical factors that correlated bacterial species and antimicrobial resistance
AbstractUsing the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) method for bacterial diagnosis, rapid urine sample preparation can reduce time relapsing of diagnosis and improve discriminatory power in coinfection cases. We aimed to evaluate rapid urine preparation procedures before MALDI-TOF MS application using dog clinical urine samples in comparison with standard microbiological diagnostic methods by agreement analysis. We determined the frequency and distribution of bacteria and bacterial resistance and their correlations to clinical history. Three experimental procedures ...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 10, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
The effects of apelin on IGF1/FSH-induced steroidogenesis, proliferation, Bax expression, and total antioxidant capacity in granulosa cells of buffalo ovarian follicles
In this study, We examined the effects of different doses of IGF1 and FSH in the presence of APLN-13 on the production of progesterone in buffalo ovary granulosa cells. Furthermore, different doses of APLN isoforms (APLN-13 and APLN-17) were tested on proliferation, Bax protein expression, and antioxidant capacity in the same cells. Granulosa cells of buffalo ovaries were cultured in the presence of different doses of IGF1 and FSH with or without APLN-13 (10−9 M) to evaluate its effect on the secretion of progesterone tested by ELISA assay. The WST-1 method was used to survey the effect of APLN on granulosa cell prolife...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 10, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
The conjunctival fungal microflora of horses in a North Queensland tropical environment and their in vitro susceptibilities to antifungal agents
The objectives of this study were to determine the fungal species specific to the eyes of horses in the Townsville region; to investigate the potential risk factors associated with the presence of fungi; and to test their susceptibility to antifungals to create an empirical guide for treatment. The eyes of forty ophthalmologically normal horses from James Cook University were sampled throughout the summer months of December 2017, January 2018, and January and February 2020. Cultured fungi were identified morphologically, and their identity confirmed by comparing partial 18sRNA DNA sequences with the NCBI nucleotide databas...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 6, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Standardization of chronic uterine infection of hamsters by Leptospira santarosai serovar Guaricura, from serogroup Sejroe
AbstractLeptospirosis is an important zoonosis that in cattle is characterized as a reproductive disease. It is well reported that the main agent of bovine leptospirosis worldwide is Sejroe serogroup serovar Hardjo. Reproductive disease in cattle has several gaps in its knowledge and studies with Golden Syrian hamsters, experimentally infected, are limited. Therefore, a protocol that could reproduce the chronic genital disease in hamsters would be extremely valuable for the advance of the knowledge of that syndrome. The aim of this study was to establish an experimental protocol for chronic non-lethal genital infection of ...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 4, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Nematode predatory ability of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans affected by in vitro sequential exposure to ovine gastrointestinal tract
AbstractDuddingtonia flagrans is a nematophagous fungus employed as a biocontrol agent of gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants. After oral ingestion and passage through the digestive tract of animals, this microorganism captures the nematodes in the feces. The drastic conditions of ruminant digestive tract could affect fungi chlamydospores and therefore biocontrol activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect of four ruminant digestive segments on the concentration and nematode predatory ability of a Colombian native strain ofD. flagrans. The sequential four-step methodology proposed evaluated cond...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 3, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Detection and genetic characterization of circoviruses in more than 80 bat species from eight countries on four continents
AbstractSeveral bat-associated circoviruses and circular rep-encoding single-stranded DNA (CRESS DNA) viruses have been described, but the exact diversity and host species of these viruses are often unknown. Our goal was to describe the diversity of bat-associated circoviruses and cirliviruses, thus, 424 bat samples from more than 80 species were collected on four continents. The samples were screened for circoviruses using PCR and the resulting amino acid sequences were subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The majority of bat strains were classified in the genusCircovirus and some strains in the genusCyclovirus and the cla...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - March 31, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Effect of selection for growth rate on the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) immune system and its response after experimental Staphylococcus aureus infection
AbstractThe aim of the work was to evaluate if genetic selection for daily gain may affect the immune system. Two experiments were performed. The first one involved 80 rabbit females and their first two litters to explore the effect of selection on the ability of animals to maintain immune competence. Two generations from a line selected for average daily gain (ADG) were evaluated (VR19 generation 19th,n = 43; VR37 generation 37th,n = 37). In females, the effect of selection and its interaction with physiological state were not significant for any trait. In litters, the selection criterion increased the granulocyte...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - March 31, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
RPA/CRISPR-cas12a as a specific, sensitive and rapid method for diagnosing Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in dogs in Thailand
In this study, a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) coupled with CRISPR-Cas12a methods was established to detectE. canis andA. platys infection in dogs based on the 16S rRNA. The optimal condition for DNA amplification by RPA was 37 °C for 20 min, followed by CRISPR-Cas12a digestion at 37 °C for one hour. A combination of RPA and the cas12a detection method did not react with other pathogens and demonstrated strong sensitivity, detecting as low as 100 copies of bothE. canis andA. platys. This simultaneous detection method was significantly more sensitive than conventional PCR. The RPA-assisted cas12a assay pr...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - March 30, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Potential therapeutic efficiency of pan-ERBB inhibitors for canine glioma
In this study, the anti-tumor effects of pan-ERBB inhibitors, which can inhibit the phosphorylation of ERBB4, were evaluated bothin vitro andin vivo using a canine glioblastoma cell line. The results demonstrated that both afatinib and dacomitinib effectively reduced the expression of phosphorylated ERBB4, and significantly decreased the number of viable cells, ultimately prolonging the survival time of orthotopically xenografted mice. Further downstream of ERBB4, afatinib was found to suppress the expression of phosphorylated Akt and phosphorylated Extracellular signal-related kinases1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and induced apoptotic...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - March 30, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Chicken Astro virus (CAstV): Isolation and characterization of new strains in broiler flocks with poor performance
Abstract
Chicken astroviruses (CAstV) were associated with retarded growth, enteritis, kidney diseases, and white chick syndrome. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of CAstV infection on growth, performance, and gross and histopathological picture of commercial chicken flocks suffering increased culling rate and decreased performance. Samples were collected for virus isolation, identification, and sequencing on day one, 15 days, and 30 days of age. Body weight, feed conversion rate, and mortality rates were determined. A gross examination was performed, and tissue samples from the liver, intestine,...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - March 28, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Perivascular inflammatory cells and their association with pulmonary arterial remodelling in dogs with pulmonary hypertension due to myxomatous mitral valve disease
This study suggested that pulmonary artery remodelling as medial thickenin g and muscularisation of the normally non-muscular small pulmonary arteries is accompanied by the accumulation of perivascular inflammatory cells. (Source: Veterinary Research Communications)
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - March 28, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Management of dog sperm parameters and gut microbiota composition with Lactobacillus rhamnosus supplementation
This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with probiotics on the gut microbiome, sperm quality and gene expression, along with possible correlations between these parameters in dogs. The dogs were supplemented withLactobacillus rhamnosus for six weeks, and fecal and semen samples were collected at 0, 3, and 6 weeks. Fecal samples were assessed using 16S Metagenomic Sequencing for gut microbiome analysis; and semen samples were analyzed using computer-assisted sperm analysis, DNA and acrosome integrity assessment, viability and morphology assessment, and real-time PCR. The analyses suggested that probio ...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - March 28, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Blood supply to the cranial cavity in the patagonian mara (Dolichotis patagonum)
AbstractRodents are the most numerous order of mammals. The literature presents information on the arterial circle of the brain in capybara, the guinea pig of the familyCaviidae and many other not so closely related rodent species. Information on the blood supply to the brain is often incomplete and focuses on one pathway in a broader comparative aspect. The supply of oxygen and nutrients to the brain is very important for its proper functioning. The aim of this study is to describe the pathways supplying blood to the cranial cavity and to describe the arterial circle of the brain in the Patagonian mara. The study was cond...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - March 28, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Non-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci as a cause of mastitis in domestic ruminants: current knowledge, advances, biomedical applications, and future perspectives – a systematic review
AbstractNon-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci (NASM) are one of the most common causes of subclinical mastitis in dairy animals and the extent of damage by intramammary infections (IMI) caused by NASM is still under debate. The different effects of NASM on the mammary gland may be associated with differences between bacterial species. NASM are normal and abundant colonizers of humans and animals and become pathogenic only in certain situations. The veterinary interest in NASM has been intense for the last 25 years, due to the strongly increasing rate of opportunistic infections. Therefore, the objective of this review...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - March 25, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Ultrasonographic and histopathologic features associated with common ocular diseases in donkeys (Equus asinus)
AbstractThere is a lack of reports describing ultrasonographic and histopathologic features of ocular diseases in donkeys. The present study aimed to document ultrasonographic and histopathologic changes associated with common ocular diseases in donkeys. The study included 45 donkeys (64 eyes) with ocular diseases that had reached the end of their working lives and requested to be used for educational and research purposes. Complete clinical, ophthalmic, ultrasonographic, gross pathologic and histopathologic examinations were included. Ocular abnormalities were documented, tabulated, and analyzed. Seventy-five ocular abnor...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - March 21, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
