Delivery of florfenicol in veterinary medicine through a PLGA-based nanodelivery system: improving its performance and overcoming some of its limitations
AbstractAs is the case with other veterinary antibiotics, florfenicol (FFC) faces certain limitations, such as low solubility in water, or the fact that it is reported to interfere with the immune response after some immunoprofilactic actions in livestock. Aiming to improve its efficacy and overall performance, FFC was loaded into a polymeric nanobased delivery system by succesfully using the emulsion-evaporation technique. The poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded with FFC were characterized in terms of size (101 ± 0.52 nm), zeta potential (26.80 ± 1.30 mV) and poly-dispersity index (0.061...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 30, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Protective effects of feed additives on broiler chickens exposed to aflatoxins-contaminated feed: a systematic review and meta-analysis
AbstractAflatoxin contamination in feed is a common problem in broiler chickens. The present systematic review and meta-analysis examined the impact of aflatoxin-contaminated feed and the efficacy of various feed additives on the production performance of broiler chickens fed aflatoxin-contaminated feed (AF-feed). A total of 35 studies comprising 53 AF-feed experiments were selected following PRISMA guidelines. Feed additives included in the analyses were toxins binder (TB), mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS), organic acid (OA), probiotics (PRO), protein supplementation (PROT), phytobiotics (PHY), and additive mixture (MIX). Ra...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 29, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Detection of immune effects of the Mannheimia haemolytica gamma irradiated vaccine in sheep
In conclusion, the vaccinated sheep are protected by the elevated IgG titer and increased levels of IL-4 (Th-2 response) compared to the non-vaccinated sheep . Radiation technology can provide the opportunity for mass production of immunologically safe vaccines against animal and zoonotic diseases. Ethics Approval by the National Research Center Ethics Committee (Trial Registration Number (TRN) no 13,602,023, 13/5/2023) was obtained. (Source: Veterinary Research Communications)
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 29, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Coxiella burnetii infections from animals and ticks in South Africa: a systematic review
AbstractCoxiella burnetii is a zoonotic intracellular bacterium that is widely distributed and affects domestic animals, wildlife, humans and non-mammalian species. This systematic review was aimed at synthesizing research findings onC. burnetii in both domestic and wild animals of South Africa. The systematic review protocol was registered with Open Society Foundations of systematic reviews (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/8WS). PRISMA guidelines were followed to collect and evaluate relevant scientific articles published onC. burnetii infecting domestic and wild animals in South Africa. Published articles were sourced fr...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 29, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Multi-locus sequence typing and in vitro antimicrobial resistance of equine Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus strains
In this study, we surveyed 22 strains ofS. zooepidemicus collected during 2021 from cervico-uterine swabs of mares with endometritis. The genetic variability of the isolated strains was studied by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) from whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data. The average length of reconstructed genomes was 2,088,286 bp (95% CI: 2,061,569 bp-2,114,967 bp), which was expected forS. zooepidemicus genomes. The assembled genomes were assigned to sequence types (STs) using theS. zooepidemicus scheme targeting seven loci(arcC, nrdE, proS, spi, tdk, tpi, yqiL) available in PubMLST database. MLST revealed a wide va...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
The autumn low milk yield syndrome in Brown Swiss cows in continental climates: hypotheses and facts
AbstractExtensive research has been conducted globally on the impact of heat stress (HS) on animal health and milk production in dairy cows. In this article, we examine the possible reasons for the decrease in milk production in Brown Swiss (BS) cows during the autumn season, known as the autumn low milk yield syndrome (ALMYS). This condition has been extensively studied in high-yielding Holstein Friesian (HF) cattle and has also been observed in BS cows with a daily milk yield of around 30 kg. Our hypothesis is that the drop in milk yield and the increased prevalence of mastitis in autumn, as found in our recent studies...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 25, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Impact of synbiotics on growth performance and gut health in Murrah buffalo calves
AbstractSynbiotics have been used as biotherapeutic supplements for prevention of new-born calf gastrointestinal disorders. Present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of fructo-oligosaccharide, mannan-oligosaccharide and inulin along withLactobacillus plantarum CRD-7 andLactobacillus acidophilus NCDC15 on the nutrient digestibility, growth performance and faecal microbial population of pre-ruminant buffalo calves. Twenty-four Murrah calves (5 days old) were randomly assigned to four groups of six calves in each using randomized block design. Calves in Group I (control) received only a basic diet of milk, calf start...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 23, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
The influence of risk factors on bovine leukemia virus infection and proviral load in egyptian cattle
In conclusion, the findings were valuably correlating the BLV prevalence with PVL as an indicator of the risk of BLV infection. (Source: Veterinary Research Communications)
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 23, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Evaluation of coffee husks in pellet bedding, performance characteristics, footpad dermatitis scoring, and meat quality of broiler ducks
AbstractThe study aimed to analyze the chemical composition of pellet bedding made of straw or coffee husks (10, 25, 50%) and the performance characteristics of broiler ducks andfootpad dermatitis. During rearing, the properties of the bedding and utility features of ducks were analyzed, and the frequency offootpad dermatitis (FPD) in ducks was verified. There was a decrease in dry matter from the 28th day of rearing. The crude fiber, NDF, ADF, and nitrogen content decreased compared to fresh bedding, while phosphorus and potassium increased. The highest pH was found in the CH25 and CH50 groups in fresh bedding on day 42 a...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 21, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Utility of the second-generation curcumin analogue RL71 in canine histiocytic sarcoma
AbstractCanine histiocytic sarcoma is an aggressive cancer, with a high rate of metastasis. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Synthetic analogues of curcumin have elicited potent anti-cancer activity in multiple in vitro and in vivo models of human cancer. Furthermore, the compound 3,5-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-1-methylpiperidine-4-one (RL71) has recently exhibited potent cell cycle arrest and apoptotic induction in a canine osteosarcoma cell line. To determine its potency in canine histiocytic sarcoma cells, cell viability of DH82 and Nike cells was measured using the sulforhodamine B assay. Flow cytom...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 19, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Investigating adverse effects of chronic dietary exposure to herbicide glyphosate on zootechnical characteristics and clinical, biochemical and immunological blood parameters in broiler chickens
AbstractAlthough the herbicide glyphosate is widely used globally and considered safe, more evidence of its adverse effects on animals and humans is accumulating. The present investigation was aimed at evaluating the impact of different glyphosate concentrations on zootechnical characteristics and clinical, biochemical and immunological blood parameters in Ross 308 broiler chickens. Four groups were employed, including untreated control and three experimental groups fed diets enriched with glyphosate at doses of 10, 20 and 100 ppm that conformed to 0.5, 1 and 5 maximum residue limits, respectively. The results showed that ...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 18, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Investigation of the association between the Enferplex bovine tuberculosis antibody test and the future risk of bovine tuberculosis in irish cattle in infected herds: a pilot field study
AbstractThe Single Intradermal Comparative Tuberculin Test (SICTT) and the interferon-gamma (IFN- γ) assay are the approved diagnostic tests for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in Ireland. The aim of this pilot study was to explore if there was any added diagnostic benefit from applying the Enferplex bTB test (an antibody test) in severe bTB herd breakdowns after the removal of cattle that had tested positive to the SICTT and the IFN-γ test. In addition to the normal bTB testing and management protocols, the animals in these herds that tested negative to SICTT and the IFN-γ test were followed forward for a period of two years...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 17, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Effects of Ocimum basilicum essential oil and ginger extract on serum biochemistry, oxidative stress and gill tissue damage of pearl gentian grouper during simulated live transport
This study explored the effects of the essential oil ofOcimum basilicum (EOOB) and ginger extract (GE) during the transportation of pearl gentian grouper from water quality, serum biochemistry, oxidative stress, meat flavor, and gill tissue morphology. Fish (450 ± 50 g) were allocated to the following 5 treatments: control group (fish transported in water only), 5 mg/LEOOB, 10 mg/LEOOB, 3 mg/LGE, and 6 mg/LGE and transported in insulation boxes (66 × 51 × 37.8 cm) for 72 h. Samples were taken at 0, 12, 36, 60, and 72 h immediately af ter transport. It was found that 10 mg/LEOOB and 6 mg/LGE could ...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 12, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Impacts of florfenicol on immunity, antioxidant activity, and histopathology of Oreochromis niloticus: a potential protective effect of dietary spirulina platensis
AbstractThe misuse of antibiotics enhances the development of resistant microorganisms and decreases the efficacy of treatments. Florfenicol (FF) is one of the antibiotics approved for use in aquaculture in Egypt. Because of its extensive usage, potential negative impacts on aquatic creatures are a major concern. This motivates us to search for an appropriate neoadjuvant to work synergistically with FF and reduce adverse effects. Results from this study will contribute towards improving the understanding of the impacts of FF onOreochromis niloticus and the possible amelioratory effects ofSpirulina platensis algae (SP).O. n...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 11, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Non-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci isolated from bovine milk in Italian dairy farms: a retrospective investigation
In conclusion, this retrospective study provides the first information on the NASM species isolated from cow milk in Italy, expanding our knowledge on the epidemiology of NASM at the species level and providing further insights into their relationships with mammary gland health in modern dairy farms. (Source: Veterinary Research Communications)
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 10, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
