Central effects of opioidergic system on food intake in birds and mammals: a review
AbstractUndoubtedly, the food intake process is one of the most necessary physiological functions for the survival of animals and humans. Although; this operation seems simple on the surface, the regulation of the mechanisms involved in it requires the cooperation of many neurotransmitters, peptides, and hormonal factors in the nervous and endocrine systems. Understanding the signals that regulate energy levels and appetite, may open new approaches to therapeutics and drugs used in obesity-related complications. Improving the quality of animal products and health is also possible due to this research. The present review is...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 20, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Osmolarity modulates the de-differentiation of horse articular chondrocytes during cell expansion in vitro: implications for tissue engineering in cartilage repair
AbstractDue to the importance of joint disease and ostearthritis (OA) in equine athletes, new regenerative treatments to improve articular cartilage repair after damage are gaining relevance. Chondrocyte de-differentiation, an important pathogenetic mechanism in OA, is a limiting factor when differentiated articular chondrocytes are used for cell-based therapies. Current research focuses on the prevention of this de-differentiation and/or on the re-differentiation of chondrocytes by employing different strategies in vitro and in vivo. Articular chondrocytes normally live in a condition of higher osmolarity (350 –450 mOsm...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 19, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Multidrug-resistant Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and hybrid pathogenic strains of bovine origin
AbstractAntimicrobial-resistantEscherichia coli strains have been circulating in various sectors and can be cross-transferred between them. Among pathogenicE. coli strains, Shiga toxin-producingE. coli (STEC) and hybrid pathogenicE. coli (HyPEC) emerged as responsible for outbreaks worldwide. As bovine are reservoir of STEC strains, these pathogens primarily spread to food products, exposing humans to risk. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize antimicrobial-resistant and potentially pathogenicE. coli strains from fecal samples of dairy cattle. In this regard, mostE. coli strains (phylogenetic groups A, B1, B2, and E...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 18, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Effects of different subcutaneous sites on heterotopic autotransplantation of canine ovarian tissue
In conclusion, the pinna may be a region with greater potential than the neck after a 15-day autotransplantation of canine ovarian tissue. (Source: Veterinary Research Communications)
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 18, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Effect of a subcutaneous implant of deslorelin acetate on serum testosterone concentrations in male Hermann ’s (Testudo hermanni sp.) and Greek (Testudo graeca sp.) tortoises
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a 4.7-mg deslorelin acetate implant on serum testosterone concentrations in male Hermann ’s (Testudo hermanni sp.) and Greek (Testudo graeca sp.) tortoises. Twenty adult male tortoises housed under the same environmental conditions were enrolled for the study and randomly assigned to a treatment (D, n = 10) or a control (C, n = 10) group. Starting in May, males from the D group were implanted with a 4.7-mg deslorelin acetate device, whereas males from the C group did not receive any treatment. Blood samples were collected once immediately before implant application (S0-...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 13, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Effect of different slaughter/stunning methods on stress response, quality indicators and susceptibility to oxidation of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different slaughter methods (immersion in ice/water slurry, T1; gill cut, T2; CO2 asphyxia, T3; percussion (hit on the head with a stick), T4;Melissa officinalis L. essential oil + CO2, T5) on physiological stress, oxidative stress, and muscle quality in large yellow croaker. In terms of physiological stress, the levels of glucose (GLU), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and catalase (CAT) in CO2 asphyxia samples were significantly lower than those in other samples (p < 0.05). The level of cortisol (COR) in T1 sample was 1.25 –1.84 times higher than that of other sam...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 12, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Macroscopic sarcocystosis in a pig carcass from an Italian abattoir
AbstractDifferent food-safety institutions, including the European Food Safety Authority, encourage monitoring and characterisingSarcocystis spp. in animals and foodstuffs; among meat-producing animals, domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) can host two differentSarcocystis spp., that isSarcocystis miescheriana and the zoonoticSarcocystis suihominis. Herein, we report for the first time the presence of macrocysts ofSarcocystis miescheriana in a domestic pig resulting in carcass condemnation. In North-West Italy, in June 2022 the carcass of a clinically healthy sow was condemned due to the detection of multifocal macroscopi...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 11, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Effect of arginine-induced motility and capacitation on RNA population in goat spermatozoa
Conclusion:The arginine-induced capacitation and enhanced sperm motility were associated with the upregulation of several genes involved in sperm motility and capacitation pathways. The comparative study also suggests that arginine may be usedin lieu of PHE for motility enhancement and in vitro capacitation of goat spermatozoa. (Source: Veterinary Research Communications)
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 10, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Impact of feed additives and host-related factors on bacterial metabolites, mucosal integrity and immune response in the ileum of broilers
In conclusion, aging of broilers affected ileal histomorphology, cytokine expression, and barrier integrity, as well as bacterial activity. These observed impacts could be attributed to host-microbiota interaction and the direct effects of bacterial metabolites on intestinal cells and immu ne system. (Source: Veterinary Research Communications)
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 9, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in urban –rural interfaces: community structure associated with pathogen screening in São Paulo—the largest metropolitan region in Brazil
AbstractLittle is known about the influence of the urban environments on bat species ‘ecology. The urbanization process potentially lead to critical ecological changes in bat communities’ intra and interspecific pathogenic transmissions dynamics. To date, the monitoring of pathogens in bats in Brazil has only been done with bats found dead or alive in households, from rabies sur veillance systems. The present work aimed to investigate how urbanization influenced bat richness, relative abundance and pathogen occurrence. Most captured bats were Phyllostomidae, especiallySturnira lilium,Artibeus lituratus,A. fimbriatus,Gl...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 8, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Generation of a novel three-dimensional scaffold-based model of the bovine endometrium
AbstractBovine in vitro endometrial models that resemble tissue function in vivo are needed to study infertility, long-term uterine alterations induced by pathogens and impact of endocrine disruptor chemicals on reproductive function and other reproductive system complications that cause high economic losses in livestock species. The present study aimed to generate an innovative, reproducible, and functional 3D scaffold-based model of the bovine endometrium structurally robust for long term-culture. We developed a multicellular model containing both endometrial epithelial and stromal cells. Epithelial cells organized to fo...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 8, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Pentobarbital intoxication as a potential underlying cause for electrocution in a bearded vulture
AbstractA bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) found dead in northern Spain presented external lesions consistent with electrocution as the cause of death. During forensic examination, macroscopic lesions suggested potential comorbidity, so samples were collected for molecular and toxicological analyses. Gastric content and liver were analysed for toxic substances, and pentobarbital (a common pharmaceutical used for euthanasia in domestic animals) was detected at a concentration of 37.3 and 0.05 µg/g, respectively. Other toxicological, viral and endoparasite analyses (avian malaria, avian influenza and flaviviruses) were...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 5, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Comparison of serum creatinine, point-of-care symmetric dimethylarginine and renal imaging with glomerular filtration rate measured by renal scintigraphy in healthy and early chronic kidney diseased cats
AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate routinely used tests to diagnose cats in early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to describe a model for evaluating these variables simultaneously. Apparently healthy cats were screened using serum creatinine (sCr), point-of-care symmetric dimethylarginine (POC SDMA), urinalysis, urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPC) and imaging evaluation. Those parameters were compared to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) assessed by renal scintigraphy. Forty-four cats were included and consisted of 14 (31.8%) healthy cats (absence of abnormalities in renal morphology and sCr less than...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 3, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Lesions of the prepuce and penis in rams. , A retrospective study
AbstractIn the ovine reproductive management, a thorough breeding soundness evaluation including specific inspection of the male genital tract represents a valuable tool for assessing the reproductive potential of a selected subject and for diagnosing genital disorders. During examination, accurate inspection on penis and prepuce is necessary, since conditions affecting these structures may hamper regular coitus. Records from 1270 males undergoing breeding soundness evaluation (n = 1232) or admitted for genital disorders to the Section of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (n = 38) of the Department of Veterinary Medicine...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 3, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Back motion in unridden horses in walk, trot and canter on a circle
AbstractEquine back function is of concern to riders, as well as to veterinarians and physiotherapists; these groups may benefit from knowledge about spinal motion on the circle. This descriptive and comparative study aimed to quantify equine neck, back and pelvic motion in walk, trot and canter on a 9 m circle. Sixteen healthy horses in training, of varying breed and conformation, were measured using optical motion capture (150 Hz), with optical markers on the poll, withers, T15, tubera coxae and lumbosacral joint. Cervicothoracic and thoracolumbar flexion–extension and lateral bending, and pelvic roll, pitch and yaw...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - May 2, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
