First report of Sarcocystis halieti (Apicomplexa) in bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus)
AbstractAt least threeSarcocystis species (S. falcatula, S. halieti andS. wobeseri–like) have been detected infecting raptorial birds. By histopathology and PCR-sequencing of the ITS1 marker,S. halieti was detected in a bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) and a black kite (Milvus migrans) from the Catalonia region in North Spain. The 241 bp-long sequences obtained from theSarcocystis organisms detected in both raptors showed 97.5 –99.6% and 97.9–100% similarity with those of previously identifiedS. halieti; also, the phylogenetic trees generated placed the identified sequences together with other sequences ofS. hal...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 9, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Bovine campylobacteriosis in heifer: pathogenesis study and insights in the conventional and molecular diagnosis in an experimental bovine model and field cases
AbstractCampylobacter fetus spp. is a bacterium associated to reproductive losses in cattle worldwide. It is a venereal infectious disease known as bovine campilobacteriosis, with high impact mainly in countries with extensive production systems. Here, we show pathogenesis and diagnostic methods forCampylobacter fetus detection in cervico-vaginal mucus (CVM) samples from heifers experimentally infected and field cases from herds with low reproductive performance by campylobacteriosis infection. Bacterial culture, direct immunofluorescence test and qPCR were used as diagnostic methods to evaluate detection ofC. fetus. In th...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 7, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in household domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) in Spain, 2019 –2023
This study analysed the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in 432 cliend-owned ferrets from different geographical areas of Spain during the different waves of COVID-19 outbreaks from December 2019 to May 2023 (42 months). For this purpose, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent method (ELISA) using the receptor binding domain (RBD) of Spike antigen and confirmed by serum virus neutralization assay. Eighteen of the 432 ferrets included were seroreactive by the in-house ELISA (4.17%, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.65 –6.49). In this sense, the wave of COVID-19 with the higher numbe...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 7, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
The first molecular isolation of Halicephalobus gingivalis from horses in Iran
ConclusionOverall, using molecular tools represents a significant step forward in diagnosing and managing theHalicephalobus gingivalis infections in horses. (Source: Veterinary Research Communications)
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 5, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Optimization and comparative analysis of LAMP and PCR techniques for the detection of leptospiral DNA in Golden Syrian hamsters
This study optimized a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay usingBFo isothermal DNA polymerase with different colorimetric indicators. LAMP was able to detect DNA from pathogenic and intermediate leptospires, while non-pathogenic leptospires and other non-leptospiral microorganisms were negative. LAMP assay combined with calcein showed a tenfold higher limit of detection (1 ng of leptospiral DNA per reaction) than LAMP combined with hydroxynaphthol blue or end-point PCRlipL32 (10 ng of DNA per reaction). Animal samples were collected from infected and non-infected Golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus aur...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 4, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Long-lasting infection with Anaplasma ovis in sheep
AbstractOvine anaplasmosis is an emerging vector-borne disease in Europe caused byAnaplasma ovis. The infection has spread quickly in recent years, causing moderate to severe outbreaks in sheep flocks, leading to relevant economic losses in sheep farming. This wider spread has been associated with global warming and climate change, favouring the maintenance and life cycle of their main vector, the ticks. However, another epidemiological aspect could favour this quick spread. Long persistence infection ofAnaplasma ovis has been proposed as a hypothesis in several articles but never scientifically proven. The results of the ...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 2, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplemented diets mitigate the effects of waterborne cadmium toxicity on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.): growth performance, haemato-biochemical, stress biomarkers, and histopathological investigations
AbstractYeast,Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been utilized as a probiotic in aqua-feeds to promote growth and alleviate the stress in aquatic animals. On the other hand, cadmium (Cd) toxicity causes serious retardation of growth and welfare status of aquatic animals. The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective role of dietary yeast in mitigating the waterborne Cd toxicity effects on the growth, haemato-biochemical, stress biomarkers, and histopathological investigations of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.). In a 3 × 3 factorial design, the acclimated fish (20–24 g) were randomly distributed into n...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 2, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Effectiveness of dietary heat-killed Bacillus subtilis harboring plasmid containing 60 copies of CpG-ODN 1668 against Vibrio harveyi in Penaeus vannamei
AbstractThe cost of the purification process hinders the extensive use of cytosine phosphate guanosine-oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODNs) for shrimp culture. Therefore, this study used a shuttle vector plasmid to carry 60 copies of CpG-ODN 1668 (pAD43-25_60CpG), which can replicate inEscherichia coli andBacillus subtilis strain RIK1285. The first experiment used a reverse gavage procedure to deliver a substance (PBS [CK], pAD43-25 [P0], and pAD43-25_60CpG [P60], respectively) directly into the anterior midgut ofPenaeus vannamei and transcriptome sequence analysis with a reference genome was performed to examine the expressio...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - August 2, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Fascinating wonderful network: Rete mirabile of the maxillary artery in cats – minireview
AbstractCats are one of the most common companion animals, and they differ from dogs in several important ways. Considering the central importance of anatomy in high-quality medicine, the treatment of the feline mandible, mostly during intraoral procedures requiring general anaesthesia, has many important features. In cats, the major artery of the brain is the maxillary artery that forms unique structure – the rete mirabile. The rete mirabile is a plexus like vascular structure that lies extracranially and communicates with brain arterial circle through the orbital fissure. The development of the brain vasculature is dif...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - July 31, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Insights on discovery, efficacy, safety and clinical applications of ghrelin receptor agonist capromorelin in veterinary medicine
This article reviews the discovery of the ghrelin receptor agonist capromorelin, its efficacy, safety, clinical applications and aims to delineate its further scope of use in veterinary practice. (Source: Veterinary Research Communications)
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - July 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Antimicrobial activities of Agave fructans against multi-resistant and biofilm-producing Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Agave fructans (AF), a type of prebiotic, on multi-resistant and biofilm-forming isolates ofS. aureus. Ten isolates ofS. aureus from bovine subclinical mastitis previously characterized as highly resistant to antimicrobials and biofilm formers were used in this study. The growth kinetics ofS. aureus in the presence of AF was evaluated by the Baranyi and Roberts microbial growth model using the DMFit program. The antibacterial activity of AF againstS. aureus was studied by the well-diffusion method and the effect on biofilm formation by the crystal violet method. ...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - July 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Effect of Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 and 2 (SPI-1 and SPI-2) deletion on intestinal colonization and systemic dissemination in chickens
AbstractSalmonella’s virulence genes are located in two regions known asSalmonella pathogenicity islands 1 and 2 (SPI-1 and SPI-2). SPI-1 allows the bacteria to invade the intestine, while SPI-2 is important for intracellular survival and replication, although it is also necessary for intestinal disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the deletion of SPI-1 or SPI-2 genes on the intestinal and systemic salmonellosis using the avian model. Groups of chickens were orally infected with 1010 Colony-Forming Units (CFU) ofS. Typhimurium SL1344 WT strain, as well as mutants ∆SPI-1 or ∆SPI-2. At different...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - July 25, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Single layer centrifugation as a method for bacterial reduction in bull semen for assisted reproduction
AbstractSemen samples contain bacteria originating from the animal urogenital tract, environment, and/or contamination during semen processing, negatively affecting sperm quality by producing toxins and/or competing for nutrients in extenders. The aims of this study were to evaluate two methods of Single-layer centrifuges (SLC), high and low density colloid, as a method for bacterial removal from bull semen, and to evaluate sperm quality after treatment. In total, semen samples from 20 bulls (3 ejaculates per bull) were used in this study. Bacterial reduction was evaluated by bacterial quantification (colony forming unit -...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - July 22, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Fatal toxoplasmosis in a captive squirrel monkey (Saimiri boliviensis) in Portugal
This study aimed to describe the histopathological findings and genotypic characterization of theToxoplasma gondii strain involved in a lethal case occurring in a zoo-housed black-capped squirrel monkey (Saimiri boliviensis) in Portugal. Cyst-like structures suggestive of Sarcocystidae parasites and acute injuries in liver and brain were observed by light microscopy examination. By immunohistochemistry, calprotectin,T. gondii antigen and Iba1 antigen had a positive signaling in lung, liver and brain tissues.Toxoplasma gondii B1, ITS1 and 529 repetitive element fragments amplifications together with the genotyping of 13 mic...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - July 21, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
New records, and molecular detection of vector-borne pathogens in Felicola subrostratus from eastern Mexico
AbstractThe study of lice associated with domestic cats is a neglected area of veterinary parasitology. In particular, the presence of the cat louseFelicola subrostratus, a small Ischnoceran species found in the fur of the domestic cat, is rarely recognized. In America, this species has been reported across six countries. Although it was also recently reported in Mexico, no studies on the molecular identification of the specimens or the monitoring of potential bacterial, and protozoan pathogens have been carried out. Thus, this work aimed to collect, and identify lice associated with domestic and free ranging cats from the...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - July 20, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
