Protoparvovirus carnivoran 1 infection of golden jackals Canis aureus in Serbia
AbstractParvoviruses are among the major animal pathogens that can cause considerable health disorders ranging from subclinical to lethal in domestic and wild animals. Golden jackal (Canis aureus), an expanding European species, is a reservoir of many pathogens, including vector-borne diseases and zoonoses. Given the importance of parvovirus infections in dogs and cats, this study aimed to unfold the virus prevalence and molecular characterisation in the golden jackal population in Serbia. The spleen samples from 68 hunted jackals during 2022/2023 were tested for the VP2-specific genome region of Protoparvovirus carnivoran...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - November 7, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Implications of deltamethrin on hematology, cardiac pathology, and gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its possible amelioration with Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus)
AbstractDeltamethrin (DM) is one of the extensively used pyrethroids for controlling ectoparasites. Unfortunately, DM is highly toxic to fish as it primarily targets the sodium channels of the plasma membrane thereby affecting their cardiac and nervous systems. The present study investigated the protective efficacy of Shatavari(Asparagus racemosus) against DM-induced cardiotoxicity in Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus). The fish were segregated into nine groups having 36 fish/group maintained in triplicates exposed to DM (1 µg/L) and fed with a diet containing three different concentrations (10 g, 20 g, and 30 g/kg ...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - November 6, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Supplementation of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) diet with different zinc sources: effects on growth performance, digestive enzymes activity, hemato-biochemical parameters, antioxidant response and liver histology
In conclusion, the data of the present study confirmed that organic Zn (mainly) and nano-Zn (to some extent) could be more eff icient Zn sources in Siberian sturgeon. (Source: Veterinary Research Communications)
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - November 4, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
The influence of eugenol, benzocaine and ice water on the welfare of adult grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of eugenol, benzocaine, and ice water during the sedative, anesthetic or euthanasia processes on the welfare of adult grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The experimental design was randomized and the animals were divided into eight groups. Sixty-two animals underwent an acclimation period. The neutral group used to obtain basal data of grass carp were not subjected to treatments, but anesthetized to collect blood samples and euthanized by medullary section. The others seven groups were submitted to seven treatments with eight repetitions (control group; ethanol; ...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - November 3, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
First report on natural infection by Dirofilaria repens in a cat in Spain: case report and literature review of feline subcutaneous dirofilariosis in Europe
AbstractDirofilaria repens is an endemic mosquito-borne pathogen widely spread throughout Europe and other non-Europen regions. Infection byD. repens has been reported in dogs, although little is known about the occurrence and epidemiological features of this nematode in cats. During the surgical procedure within the framework of a trap, neuter and release sterilization program, two female filarial nematodes with spontaneous movement were removed from the internal part of the spermatic cord from asymptomatic stray cat in Spain (Grao de Castell ón, Castellon de la Plana, province of Spain). Moreover, the presence of microf...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - November 3, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Assesment of Hypoderma infestation in a wild population of Cervus elaphus from mountains Atlantic ecosystems in southwestern Europe (Spain)
AbstractHypodermosis inCervus elaphus was studied in the Ria ño Regional Hunting Reserve, Province of León, north-western Spain. One hundred and ten red deer were examined for the presence of warble fly larvae. They were analyzed by PCR analysis of the COI region of mt-DNA and identified asHypoderma actaeon. The prevalence of larvae was 42.7% with a mean intensity of 12.5 ± 18 (range 1–80) warbles/deer infested. The distribution of larvae in the infested animals showed an aggregated/overdispersed pattern (aggregation index = 25.84), where the larvae are not randomly or uniformly distributed, but strongly aggr...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - October 31, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
The compound YK 3-237 promotes pig sperm capacitation-related events
AbstractBefore fertilization of the oocyte, the spermatozoa must undergo through a series of biochemical changes in the female reproductive tract named sperm capacitation. Spermatozoa regulates its functions by post-translational modifications, being historically the most studied protein phosphorylation. In addition to phosphorylation, recently, protein acetylation has been described as an important molecular mechanism with regulatory roles in several reproductive processes. However, its role on the mammal ’s sperm capacitation process remains unraveled. Sirtuins are a deacetylase protein family with 7 members that regul...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - October 31, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Glycyrrhizin alleviates varicellovirus bovinealpha 1-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in MDBK cells by inhibiting NF- κB/NLRP3 axis through the Nrf2 signalling pathway
AbstractVaricellovirus bovinealpha 1 (BoAHV-1) is one of the crucial pathogens of bovine respiratory diseases, and its pathogenic mechanism involves oxidative stress, inflammation response, and apoptosis. Glycyrrhizin (GLY) possesses powerful antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic bioactivities. However, the anti-BoAHV-1 activity of GLY and its role in BoAHV-1-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis remain unclear. Therefore, the current study investigated the anti-BoAHV-1 effect of GLY and its ability to alleviate BoAHV-1-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis using an i...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - October 27, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Processing of boar spermatozoa with phosphate-buffered saline at 4 ˚C induces an increase in 32 kDa tyrosine-phosphorylated protein (p32)
AbstractWe aimed to investigate the impact of processing boar spermatozoa with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 4 ˚C on acrosomal integrity and increase in 32 kDa tyrosine-phosphorylated protein (p32). Following cooled PBS washing, we observed a significant increase in p32 levels and in the proportion of dead spermatozoa with compromised acrosomal integrity compared to sperm washing using PBS at room temperat ure. Interestingly, this increase in p32 was effectively inhibited when cooled PBS was supplemented with 1 mM AEBSF, a serine protease inhibitor. Our findings suggest that the increase of p32 in response to cooled...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - October 27, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Rotavirus A and D circulating in commercial chicken flocks in southeastern Brazil
AbstractRotavirus (RV) outbreaks can cause significant economic losses in the livestock and poultry industries. Stool samples were collected from asymptomatic laying and broiler chickens from commercial poultry farms in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Esp írito Santo in southeastern Brazil for detection of RV speciesA andD (RVA and RVD, respectively) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RV was detected in 10.5% (34/325) of samples: 22 (64.7%) were positive for RVA and nine (26.5%) for RVD, while three (8.8%) exhibited coinfections with both viruses. Sequence analysis of a VP6 fragment from seven RVA-positi...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - October 25, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Immunomodulatory effect of probiotic exopolysaccharides in a porcine in vitro co-culture model mimicking the intestinal environment on ETEC infection
AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of EPS-L26 isolated from the probiotic strainLactobacillus (Limosilactobacillus)reuteri L26 Biocenol ™, in a model of infection with an enterotoxigenicE. coli (ETEC) by establishing monocultures consisting of the IPEC-J2 cell line or monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) and creating a 3D model of cell co-cultures established with IPEC-J2 cells and moDCs. The immunomodulatory and immunoprotective potential of used EPS-L26 was confirmed in monocultures in an experimental group of pretreated cells, where our study showed that pretreatment of cells...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - October 24, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Twelve toll-like receptor (TLR) genes in the family Equidae – comparative genomics, selection and evolution
AbstractToll-like receptors (TLRs) represent an important part of the innate immune system. While human and murine TLRs have been intensively studied, little is known about TLRs in non-model species. The order Perissodactyla comprises a variety of free-living and domesticated species exposed to different pathogens in different habitats and is therefore suitable for analyzing the diversity and evolution of immunity-related genes. We analyzedTLR genes in the order Perissodactyla with a focus on the family Equidae. TwelveTLRs were identified by bioinformatic analyses of online genomic resources; their sequences were confirmed...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - October 24, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Anthrax in one health in Southern and Southeastern Europe - the effect of climate change?
AbstractAnthrax is a serious infection caused byBacillus anthracis. The anthracis spores are highly resistant and can persist in the environment for several decades. Therefore, anthrax is considered a global health threat affecting wildlife, livestock, and the general public. The resistance mechanism is influenced not only by the environment or the ecological niche but also by virulence factors. In the last 10 years the Southern and Southeastern Europe have been confronted with this threat. Recently, there have been 8 human anthrax cases reported in Croatia (2022), and 4 cases in Romania (2023). Moreover, this incident and...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - October 21, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Combined use of body condition score, radiography, ultrasonography and computed tomography in body condition evaluation of crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous)
This study aimed to evaluate the application of radiography, ultrasonography, and computed tomography (CT) as auxiliaries in the determination of body fat and musculature in crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous). Eight animals were evaluated and classified based on the body condition score (BCS) scale. The total cut volume, total visceral volume, total subcutaneous volume, visceral fat volume, subcutaneous fat volume, and total fat volume were measured. The correlation of the BCS with the other data was determined. In the ultrasound, there was a correlation of the vertebral epaxial musculature score (VEMS) with body weight, ...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - October 20, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Ocimum basilicum essential oil in pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus: anesthetic efficacy, distribution, and depletion in different tissues
This study aimed to evaluate the anesthetic activity ofOcimum basilicum essential oil and the distribution and depletion of its major compounds in different tissues of the pacu,Piaractus mesopotamicus. Juveniles (319.08 ± 9.14 g) were individually anesthetized with six concentrations of essential oil fromO. basilicum (150, 180, 210, 240, 270, and 300 mg L−1), while in a second experiment, fish (492.39 ± 51.51 g) were subjected to a 10 min immersion bath with essential oil fromO. basilicum (300 mg L−1). After anesthetic recovery, blood and tissue samples of the brain, gills, liver, spleen, and white m...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - October 18, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
