Effect of feeding corn silage on semen quality and spermatogenesis of bulls
AbstractBovine reproduction, including male fertility traits like semen quality, are influenced by a variety of different factors like breed, nutrition, environment, and feeding management. Diet in a crucial determinant, and in this regard although corn silage is generally considered to be a favorable roughage for fattening meat type breeds, it tends to have a negative impact on semen quality. In the current study, alfalfa hay was substituted by corn silage as a roughage source in the diet of bulls to investigate its effects on the fertility of breeding bulls. A feeding trail spanning 140 days was conducted, with semen col...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 21, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Molecular detection of Candidatus Ehrlichia pampeana (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) in Haemaphysalis juxtakochi (Acari: Ixodidae) from central Argentina
AbstractThe aim of this study was to report the first detection ofCandidatus Ehrlichia pampeana inHaemaphysalis juxtakochi from Argentina. Free-living ticks were collected from vegetation by drag-flag method on five sample sites in Entre R íos Province, central Argentina, belonging to the Espinal Phytogeographic Province. Molecular detection of order Rickettsiales agents was performed usinggltA (Rickettsia spp.), 16 S rRNA andgroEL (Anaplasmataceae) genes as targets. A total of 67 ticks ofAmblyomma aureolatum (20 nymphs and 4 adults),Amblyomma dubitatum (15 nymphs) andHaemaphysalis juxtakochi (24 nymphs and 4 adults) we...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 18, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Phenotypic and genotypic characterizations of bacteria isolated from the respiratory microbiota of healthy turkeys with potential for probiotic composition
AbstractDesirable characteristics ofStaphylococcus sp.,Streptococcus sp.,Bacillus sp.,Klebsiella sp.,Escherichia coli, andPseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes isolated from the trachea of healthy turkeys were evaluated as probiotic candidates in the search for new alternatives to solve antimicrobial resistance issues in poultry. In current study phenotypic and genotypic capacity to produce bacteriocin-like substances, efficacy to inhibit the growth of avian pathogens, susceptibility to antimicrobials of bacteria isolated from the respiratory microbiota of healthy turkeys, and the presence of virulence-associated genes (VAGs) pred...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 14, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Expression of CD13 and CD26 on extracellular vesicles in canine seminal plasma: preliminary results
We examined the expression of the extracellular vesicles surface antigens Aminopeptidase-N (CD13) and Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (CD26) by flow cytometry. For this study, third fraction of the ejaculate, from fertile adult male German Shepherd dogs, was manually collected twice, two days apart. FACS analyses revealed that CD13 and CD26 are co-expressed on the 69.3 ± 3.7% of extracellular vesicles and only a 2.0 ± 0.5% of extracellular vesicles express CD26 alone. On the other hand, 28.6 ± 3.6% of seminal EVs express CD13 alone. Our results agree with the hypothesis that CD26 needs to be co-expressed with other...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 14, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
A curated multivariate approach to study efficacy and optimisation of a prototype vaccine against teladorsagiasis in sheep
AbstractThis work discusses and demonstrates the novel use of multivariate analysis and data dimensionality reduction techniques to handle the variety and complexity of data generated in efficacy trials for the development of a prototype vaccine to protect sheep against theTeladorsagia circumcincta nematode. A curated collection of data dimension reduction and visualisation techniques, in conjunction with sensible statistical modelling and testing which explicitly model key features of the data, offers a synthetic view of the relationships between the multiple biological parameters measured. New biological insight is gaine...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 14, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Detection of fungi in the airways of horses according to the sample site: a methodological study
AbstractFungal detection in equine airways may be performed on either tracheal wash (TW) or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by either cytology or culture. However, method comparisons are sparse. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of fungi in airways of horses according to the sample site and laboratory methodology. Sixty-two adult horses, investigated in the field or referred for respiratory disease, were included. Tracheal wash, and BALF collected separately from both lungs, were collected using a videoendoscope. Fungi were detected in cytologic samples examined by light microscopy, and by fungal culture. H...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 13, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Antiviral mechanisms of sorafenib against foot-and-mouth disease virus via c-RAF and AKT/PI3K pathways
This study aimed to evaluate the antiviral activity of anticancer drugs, including kinase and non-kinase inhibitors against FMDV replication in BHK-21 cells. Sorafenib, a multi-kinase inhibitor, demonstrated a significant dose-dependent reduction in FMDV replication. It exhibited a half maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of 2.46 µM at the pre-viral entry stage and 2.03 µM at the post-viral entry stage. Further intracellular assays revealed that sorafenib effectively decreased 3Dpol activity with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 155 nM, while not affecting 3Cpro function. The study indicate...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 11, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Structural similarity of human papillomavirus E4 and polyomaviral VP4 exhibited by genomic analysis of the common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) polyomavirus
In this study, polyomavirus sequence was detected in kidney and liver samples of a common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) that succumbed at a rescue station in Hungary. The amplified 5025 nucleotide (nt) long genome contained the early (large and small T antigen, LTA and STA) and late (viral proteins, VP1, VP2, VP3) open reading frames (ORFs) typical for polyomaviruses. One of the additional putative ORFs (named VP4) showed identical localization with the VP4 and ORF-X of gammapolyomaviruses, but putative splicing sites could not be found in its sequence. Interestingly, the predicted 123 amino acid (aa) long protein sequence s...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 9, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
AFB1 induced free radicals cause encephalopathy in goat kids via intrinsic pathway of apoptosis: pathological and immunohistochemical confirmation of non-hepatic neuroaflatoxicosis
AbstractAflatoxins, particularly AFB1, are the most common feed contaminants worldwide, causing significant economic losses to the livestock sector. The current paper describes an outbreak of aflatoxicosis in a herd of 160 male young goat kids (3 –4 months), of which 68 young kids succumbed over a period of 25 days after showing neurological signs of abnormal gait, progressive paralysis and head pressing. The haematobiochemical investigation showed reduced haemoglobin, leucocyte count, PCV level, increased levels of AST, ALT, glucose, BUN, creatinine and reduced level of total protein. Grossly, kids had pale mucous membr...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 9, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Bluetongue virus seroprevalence and risk factor analysis in cattle and water buffalo in southern Italy (Campania region)
In this study, we investigated bluetongue 1seroprevalence in the Campania region, southern Italy, in cattle and buffalo populations, and assessed which factors were correlated with a high risk of exposure. The infection was widespread, as evidenced by the high individual (43.6%) and herd prevalence (85.4%). The highest prevalence was found in adult animals. Among the climatic factors analyzed, average temperature played a prominent role, being capable of affecting the probability of being positive for this infection. Surprisingly, exposure to Schmallenberg virus did not predispose animals to be positive for bluetongue viru...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 8, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Effect of Maca aqueous extract addition to a freezing extender for canine semen
This study investigated the effect of the addition ofLepidium meyenii (Maca) to the freezing extender on the post-thaw quality of dog semen. Ten canine ejaculates were frozen following a two-step protocol using a tris-glucose-citrate egg yolk extender with or without the addition of 10 µl/mL of aqueous extract of Maca (Maca and ctrl groups, respectively). Prior to (fresh semen) and after freezing (T0) sperm motility, kinetic parameters, viability and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluated. In addition, sperm motilit y, kinetic parameters, viability and MMP w...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 7, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Genetic identification of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from cultured milk samples of bovine mastitis using isothermal amplification with CRISPR/Cas12a-based molecular assay
In this study, we developed and validated a novel molecular diagnostic assay based on the CRISPR/Cas12a system coupled with Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) and Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP). We utilized specific primers targeting the nucleotide sequences of theS.aureus genes of interest, such asnuc andsea. RPA/LAMP reactions were performed under optimized conditions, and the resulting products were subsequently subjected to CRISPR/Cas12a detection. The CRISPR/Cas12a assay successfully detected the targetnuc andsea genes, with a limit of detection of 104 and 102 gene copies per reaction, respectiv...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 6, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Detection of feline morbillivirus in cats with symptoms of acute febrile infection
AbstractFeline morbillivirus (FeMV) was identified for the first time in cats in 2012 in Hong Kong. Although its association with chronic kidney disease in cats has attracted the attention of researchers, its clinical significance as an acute infection has not been reported. Previously, we reported FeMV detection using next-generation sequence-based comprehensive genomic analysis of plasma samples from cats with suspected acute febrile infections. Here, we conducted an epidemiological survey to detect FeMV by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) using blood samples from cats in Japan. FeMV...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 6, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Effects of Radix dichroae extract supplementation on growth performance, oocysts output and gut microbiota in growing lambs with coccidiosis
In this study, the anti-coccidial effectiveness of theRadix dichroae extract was compared to that of the conventional anti-coccidial drug diclazuril. Here, eighteen 45-day-old lambs naturally-infected withEimeria spp. were randomly allocated in three groups: control group,Radix dichroae extract group and diclazuril group. The results showed that the body weight gain (BWG) during the treatment and withdrawal periods was considerably improved in the coccidiosis-infected sheep treated withRadix dichroae extract and diclazuril compared to the control group, respectively. Additionally, theRadix dichroae extract and diclazuril h...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 5, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Evidence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis binding to albumin: technical and biological implications
AbstractAlbumin binding ability is a well-characterized feature of many bacteria. To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports about this ability among mycobacteria, even when bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a common component of supplements used for the enrichment of synthetic media for mycobacterial growth in vitro and also of buffers used in laboratory techniques. In this work we explored the albumin binding ability ofMycobacterium avium subsp.paratuberculosis (MAP), a pathogenic bacterium causing a known and relevant ruminant disease worldwide, by immunizing rabbits with MAP (grown in media containing or n...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - September 1, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
