Hypothyroidism and brain developmental players
Abstract
Most of our knowledge on the mechanisms of thyroid hormone (TH) dependent brain development is based on clinical observations and animal studies of maternal/fetal hypothyroidism. THs play an essential role in brain development and hormone deficiency during critical phases in fetal life may lead to severe and permanent brain damage. Maternal hypothyroidism is considered the most common cause of fetal TH deficiency, but the problem may also arise in the fetus. In the case of congenital hypothyroidism due to defects in fetal thyroid gland development or hormone synthesis, clinical symptoms at birt...
Source: Thyroid Research - February 11, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Expression of follicle stimulating hormone receptors (FSHR) in thyroid tumours – a marker of malignancy?
Conclusions
The ectopic FSHR immunostaining seems to be useful to differentiate malignant from benign lesions, especially follicular cancers from follicular adenomas. However, the further studies on larger material are needed. (Source: Thyroid Research)
Source: Thyroid Research - February 5, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
The influence of thyroid dysfunction on bone metabolism
Abstract
Loss of bone mineral density due to osteoporosis is the main cause of fragility fractures and leads to dropped quality of life and increased mortality. Disturbance of balance between bone formation and bone resorption is dangerous, can cause loss of bone mass and disruption of it’s architecture. Correct development, achievement of peak bone mass and normal functioning of human skeleton depend on different factors. The pivotal role in bone metabolism play thyroid hormones. Both excess as well as deficiency of fT4 and fT3 can be potentially deleterious for bone tissue.
The a...
Source: Thyroid Research - December 20, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Assessment of cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 gene expression levels in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, papillary thyroid carcinoma and nontoxic nodular goitre
Conclusions
Our results suggest that COX-2 gene does not participate in the mechanisms involved in molecular association of HT with PTC. However, in case of PTC itself, it may play some role in neoplastic transformation. (Source: Thyroid Research)
Source: Thyroid Research - December 17, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Effect of preoperative vitamin D deficiency on postoperative hypocalcemia after thyroid surgery
Conclusions
Pre-operative serum vitamin D levels have got positive correlation with serum calcium levels in early post-operative period. Patients with serum vitamin D levels <20 ng/ml are highly likely to develop early post-operative hypocalcaemia and the difference between pre-operative and post-operative serum calcium levels in vitamin D deficient patients was significant (p < 0.001). (Source: Thyroid Research)
Source: Thyroid Research - December 15, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; a case control study
Conclusion
MIF increases in overt hypothyroidism due to the Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Further investigations are needed to explore the role of MIF in pathogenesis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. (Source: Thyroid Research)
Source: Thyroid Research - December 5, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
The use of semi-quantitative ultrasound elastosonography in combination with conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the assessment of malignancy risk of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology
Conclusion
The ELX 2/1 index in conjunction with the US score can be useful in orienting surgical strategies in Thy 3 nodules. The information added by CEUS is less sensitive than that provided by US and USE. The use of a cut-off based on histology can reduce thyroidectomy. Observation should be the first choice when not all instrumental results are suspect. (Source: Thyroid Research)
Source: Thyroid Research - December 5, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with newly evaluated papillary thyroid cancer
Conclusions
We found an increased prevalence of diabetes in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma who were 44 years of age or younger. (Source: Thyroid Research)
Source: Thyroid Research - September 11, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
New insights into the diagnosis of nodular goiter
Abstract
Preoperative diagnostic investigations of nodular goiter are based on two main examinations: ultrasonography of the thyroid gland and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. So far, FNAB has been the best method for the differentiation of nodules, but in some cases it fails to produce a conclusive diagnosis. Some of the biopsies do not provide enough material to establish the diagnosis, in some other biopsies cytological picture is inconclusive.
Determining the eligibility of thyroid focal lesions for surgery has been more and more often done with molecular methods....
Source: Thyroid Research - June 17, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Protective antioxidative effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in the thyroid and the liver are similar to those caused by melatonin
Conclusions
Protective antioxidative effects of CAPE in the thyroid and the liver are similar to those caused by melatonin. CAPE constitutes a promising agent in terms of its application in experimental and, possibly, clinical studies. (Source: Thyroid Research)
Source: Thyroid Research - June 5, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Acute TSH stimulation in vivo does not alter serum PCSK9 levels
Conclusions
Although a positive correlation between TSH and PCSK9 in euthyroid subjects has raised the possibility that TSH might act on the liver to raise PCSK9 values, our data show that PCSK9 levels are not affected by acute elevations of TSH levels. Whether chronic elevations of TSH are needed to upregulate PCSK9 remains to be determined. (Source: Thyroid Research)
Source: Thyroid Research - May 1, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Treatment related morbidity in differentiated thyroid cancer–a survey of clinicians
Conclusion
Clinicians treating thyroid cancer agree that long-term treatment related morbidity from DTC is not well characterised. A study of the prevalence and severity of treatment related morbidity and its impact on health of patients with DTC is warranted. (Source: Thyroid Research)
Source: Thyroid Research - March 11, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Thyroid disease in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective study
Conclusions
Thyroid disease may be a marker of a distinct metabolic trait in type 2 diabetes potentially requiring earlier insulin treatment. (Source: Thyroid Research)
Source: Thyroid Research - March 1, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
From the diagnostic investigations of goiter to the diagnosis of lung cancer – case study
We present a case of 64-year-old male with thyroid metastasis being the first manifestation of lung adenocarcinoma.
The authors emphasize that patients with the history of malignancy should undergo an ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland in order to exclude a focal lesion, and if such lesion is detected, fine-needle aspiration biopsy is recommended. The authors also point out that establishing final diagnosis of thyroid metastasis of cancer in other organs is only possible on the basis of postoperative histopathology and immunohistochemistry. (Source: Thyroid Research)
Source: Thyroid Research - February 1, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Reference interval of thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine in a reference population over 60 years old and in very old subjects (over 80 years): comparison to young subjects
Conclusions
TSH normal reference range increases with age, justifying the use of different RI in subjects 60 years old and over, while FT4 decreases with age. Using specific-age RI, a significant percentage of elderly will not be misdiagnosed as having subclinical hipothyroidism. (Source: Thyroid Research)
Source: Thyroid Research - December 24, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
