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Respiratory Condition Exacerbated While Using Broad-spectrum Antibiotic and Steroid: A Case of 1-Year-old Girl
No abstract available (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Your Diagnosis, Please Source Type: research

Invasive Group B Streptococcal Disease In Childhood
We present 10 children, 1–17 years of age, with invasive group B streptococcal disease from 2010 to 2020. Seven had conditions predisposing to infection and 3 had no identifiable risk factors. With appropriate consideration of pathogenesis, source control, and treatment, all children recovered. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research

Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone Associated With Varicella Infection in Children
A 9-year-old girl with remarkable hyponatremia was diagnosed with SIADH that was likely secondary to varicella. Under appropriate treatment, her serum sodium returned to the normal level. There was no evidence of hyponatremia at a 3-month follow-up. We propose that medical professionals need to consider the existence of that SIADH when treating patients with varicella who present with severe hyponatremia. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research

Hepatosplenic Cat Scratch Disease and Prolonged Fever: When To Add Corticosteroids?
We report the case of a 5-year-old boy diagnosed with systemic cat scratch disease, who presented with fever for 28 days and focal hepatosplenic lesions. He did not show improvement despite antibiotic treatment for 4 weeks, however, he became afebrile 24 hours after the administration of corticosteroids. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research

Update on the Treatment of Pediatric Tuberculous Meningitis
No abstract available (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: ESPID Reports and Reviews Source Type: research

Safety and Feasibility of Infliximab Therapy in Children With Kawasaki Disease Who Received Live Vaccinations
Conclusions: Safe and appropriate duration between live vaccinations and IFX therapy for KD patients could be shorter in the future, although more studies are warranted to establish the safe duration. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Vaccine Reports Source Type: research

Timing of Monovalent Vaccine Administration in Infants Receiving DTaP-based Combination Vaccines in the United States
Conclusions: Almost all infants received the appropriate, complementary monovalent vaccine series. However, this study found variability in the timing of HepB doses in relation to DTaP-IPV/Hib doses with many infants not completing the HepB series until 9 months of age. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Vaccine Reports Source Type: research

Relative Effectiveness of Cell-based Versus Egg-based Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccines in Children and Adolescents in the United States During the 2019–2020 Influenza Season
Conclusions: Fewer IRMEs occurred in pediatric subjects vaccinated with IIV4c versus IIV4e. These results support the greater effectiveness of IIV4c over IIV4e in this population during the 2019–2020 US influenza season. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Vaccine Reports Source Type: research

Changing Incidence of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Infants Less Than 90 Days of Age Before and After Introduction of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Blantyre, Malawi: A 14-Year Hospital Based Surveillance Study
We examined the burden of IPD in infants (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Vaccine Reports Source Type: research

Major Changes in Spatiotemporal Trends of US Rotavirus Laboratory Detections After Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction—2009–2021
For the 15 years before rotavirus vaccine introduction in 2006, annual rotavirus activity in the United States showed a distinct spatiotemporal pattern, peaking first in the Southwest and last in the Northeast. We modeled spatiotemporal trends in rotavirus laboratory detections from 2009 to 2021. Laboratories reporting to the National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System were eligible for inclusion in a given surveillance year (July to June) if ≥1 polymerase chain reaction or enzyme immunoassay rotavirus test per week was reported during ≥26 weeks and totaling ≥100 annual tests. For each laboratory, the ...
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Vaccine Reports Source Type: research

Measures Against Antimicrobial Resistance in Children in Japan: Current Status and Future Prospects
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major problem in public health. Japan is addressing this problem with various measures based on the National Action Plan on AMR, published in 2016. In Japan, the fight against AMR is hindered by issues with the health care system, including the lack of a general practitioner registration system, an abundance of private clinics and health care for infants and toddlers being essentially free of charge. As measures against AMR in inpatient care, thorough infection prevention and the Japanese government’s incentivization of collaboration in infection prevention among hospitals and regions ...
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Discordant Congenital Toxoplasmosis and Cytomegalovirus Infection in Dichorionic Diamniotic Twins
Background: Toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus (CMV) congenital infection present with similar clinical pictures. Both infections have long-term sequelae that can be mitigated by early detection and treatment. Coinfection is uncommonly reported. Methods: Dichorionic diamniotic twins born at 35 weeks of gestation were investigated for congenital infections due to abnormalities on the antenatal scan at 31 weeks of gestation. Antenatal investigations were delayed due to late booking and delay in maternal investigations. In the neonatal period, they suffered discordant symptoms and were both investigated for Toxoplas...
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Maternal-Neonatal Reports Source Type: research

Mucormycosis in Children With Hematologic Malignancies: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Conclusions: Although survival of mucormycosis improved significantly overtime, it plateaued in the past decades. This series shows that with screening, early diagnostics and early antifungal and if possible surgical treatment, mortality is low and even disseminated disease is salvageable if approached aggressively with a combination of surgery and antifungal treatment. Further research focused on diagnostics, combination antifungal and adjunctive therapy is necessary to enhance the survival of mucormycosis in children. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Immunology and Host Response Source Type: research

Reassessing the Performance of the “Step-By-Step” Approach to Febrile Infants 90 Days of Age and Younger in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicentric Retrospective Study
Background: Infants with COVID-19 can often present with fever without source, which is a challenging situation in infants (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: COVID Reports Source Type: research

Household Secondary Transmission of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Alpha Variant From a Community Cluster in a Nursery in Japan
Conclusions: As compared with non-VOCs, the Alpha variant of SARS-CoV-2 exhibited high transmissibility among children and adults and may pose a high risk for household secondary transmission from SARS-CoV-2–infected children. Increased transmissibility of current or future VOCs could lead to greater transmission from children to adults or other children. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - August 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: COVID Reports Source Type: research