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Thirteen-year-old Girl Presents With Kawasaki Disease-like Symptoms
No abstract available (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Your Diagnosis, Please Source Type: research

Utility of Esophageal Ultrasound-guided Biopsy of Mediastinal Lymph Nodes in Diagnosis of Childhood Tuberculosis
A 6-year-old boy with autistic spectrum disorder was diagnosed with tuberculosis infection following contact tracing of his mother who had isoniazid-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. He progressed to develop mediastinal lymphadenopathy causing a persistent cough. He was too small to undergo endobronchial ultrasound-guided biopsy. As an alternative, he underwent esophageal endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy, leading to confirmation of the diagnosis. We believe this approach to diagnostic biopsy is underrecognized in pediatric practice, and highlight its utility with this case and a brief literature review. (Source: The Ped...
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research

Effective Approaches to Combat Vaccine Hesitancy
No abstract available (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: ESPID Reports and Reviews Source Type: research

Staphylococcus aureus Community-acquired Pneumonia in Children After 13-Valent Pneumococcal Vaccination (2008–2018): Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes
Background: The epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has changed, influenced by sociosanitary conditions and vaccination status. We aimed to analyze the recent epidemiology of bacterial CAP in hospitalized children in a setting with high pneumococcal vaccination coverage and to describe the clinical characteristics of pediatric Staphylococcus aureus CAP. Methods: Children (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Vaccine Report Source Type: research

Economic Evaluation of Universal Varicella Vaccination in Mexico
Conclusions: Universal varicella vaccination, using 1 dose or 2 doses, would result in a cost-beneficial and CE public health intervention in Mexico. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Vaccine Reports Source Type: research

SARS-CoV-2 Associated Respiratory Failure in a Preterm Infant and the Outcome after Remdesivir Treatment
In this report, we describe a late-preterm neonate with severe COVID-19, requiring invasive mechanical ventilation who recovered following treatment with remdesivir and high dose dexamethasone. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Maternal-Neonatal Reports Source Type: research

Elizabethkingia anophelis: An Important Emerging Cause of Neonatal Sepsis and Meningitis in China
Elizabethkingia anophelis, originally isolated from the midgut of Anopheles gambiae in 2011, is an important cause of sepsis in adults and children and meningitis in newborns, with several reported outbreaks worldwide. Accumulating molecular biological and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) evidence suggests that E. anophelis is the major human pathogen belonging to the genus Elizabethkingia. The source of infection, routes of transmission and pathogenicity of E. anophelis are unclear and should be better understood as the bacterium is capable of causing sepsis and meningitis in newborns, with complications and high mortality r...
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Maternal-Neonatal Reports Source Type: research

Spyramicine and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination to Prevent Mother-To-Fetus Transmission of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Pregnant Women: A 28-Years Single-center Experience
Background: There is weak evidence on the best treatment of pregnant women with Toxoplasma gondii infection to prevent the vertical transmission to the fetus. Methods: We conducted a 28-year retrospective study aiming to compare the efficacy of three therapeutic regimens [Spiramicyn alone (Spy) vs. Pyrimethamine-Sulfadiazine (P/S) vs. Spiramicyn with Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Spy+TMP-SMX)] for the prevention of mother-to-fetus transmission of T. gondii infection. Results: 170 women were included: 58 (34.1%) had certain congenital toxoplasmosis (CT), 61 (35.9%) a probable infection and 41 (24.1%) poss...
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Maternal-Neonatal Reports Source Type: research

Fulminant Sepsis Caused by Leclercia adecarboxylata in a Premature Neonate: Case Report and Review of the Literature
We report a case with a postmortem diagnosis of a 24-week-old premature neonate who died as a complication of nosocomial sepsis related to an infection by L. adecarboxylata. Although the cases of L. adecarboxylata infection in children have been rarely reported, this case appears to be the first in which an infection by L. adecarboxylata is accompanied by focal spontaneous ileal perforation. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Maternal-Neonatal Reports Source Type: research

Ceftazidime-avibactam for the Treatment of Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Central Nervous System Infection in Pediatric Patient: A Case Report
Very limited experimental and clinical data are currently available regarding the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) penetration of ceftazidime-avibactam in adults. Nevertheless, up to our knowledge, there are no data of ceftazidime-avibactam use in central nervous system infections in pediatric patients. For that, here we describe our experience with the use of ceftazidime-avibactam in addition to intraventricular colistin in a pediatric patient diagnosed with ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection due to multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa. A 2-year-old boy known to pre-term, delivered at 26 weeks with hydrocephalus that required ven...
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Maternal-Neonatal Reports Source Type: research

NonTuberculous Mycobacteria Blood Stream Infection in Pediatric and Adult Patients: 15 Years Surveillance
Conclusion: NTM BSI was seen mainly in oncologic patients with CVC. Children and adults had a similar disease course and outcome. Relapse was rare and NTM-related mortality was not reported. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Immunology and Host Response Source Type: research

Plasma Metagenomic Sequencing Expedites Diagnosis of Disseminated BCG in an Infant With IKBKB Mutation
Conclusion: In an infant with a unique IEI, plasma mNGS provided the first diagnosis of disseminated BCG infection. We believe that early initiation of antimycobacterial treatment improved the infant’s clinical outcome. Plasma mNGS testing should be considered as a noninvasive screen for infectious pathogens in children with IEIs before SCT. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Immunology and Host Response Source Type: research

When a Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection Reveals an Error of Immunity: A Single Center’s Experience
We present an algorithm that may be applied in case of a diagnosis of pediatric nontuberculous mycobacterial disease to identify the patients who may require an immunologic assessment to discover a possible underlying immune system defect predisposing to their nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Immunology and Host Response Source Type: research

Typhoid Fever in the US Pediatric Population, 1999-2015: Opportunities for Improvement
No abstract available (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Current Abstracts Source Type: research

The Challenge of Studying Long COVID: An Updated Review
Accurately determining the risk of long COVID is challenging. Existing studies in children and adolescents have considerable limitations and distinguishing long-term SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated symptoms from pandemic-related symptoms is difficult. Over half of individuals in this age group, irrespective of COVID-19, report physical and psychologic symptoms, highlighting the impact of the pandemic. More robust data is needed to inform policy decisions. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - April 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: COVID Reports Source Type: research