Detection of Parechovirus and Enterovirus Among Infants Evaluated for Late-onset Sepsis in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: The Viral Respiratory Infections in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit-Parechovirus-Enterovirus Study
In a prospective cohort study of 65 inborn infants who were evaluated for late-onset sepsis at>72 hours of age in 2 academic neonatal intensive care units, none had parechovirus or enterovirus RNA detected by polymerase chain reaction performed on nasopharyngeal specimens during the first or subsequent sepsis evaluations (n = 80). (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Maternal-Neonatal Reports Source Type: research

Fatal Early-onset Sepsis Caused by Intrauterine Transmission of Serogroup Y Meningococcus
We present a fatal case of early-onset sepsis presenting at birth, caused by intrauterine transmission of serogroup Y N. meningitidis, evidenced clinically and histologically by corresponding chorioamnionitis and N. meningitidis-positive amniotic fluid. This case confirms a long-standing suspicion that N. meningitidis can be transmitted in utero. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Maternal-Neonatal Reports Source Type: research

Risk Factors for 30-Day Mortality in Neonates With Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii Sepsis
Background: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) sepsis is becoming an extreme threat caused by high-case fatality rates and poor prevention and control in ICUs worldwide. However, the risk of mortality among neonatal CRAB sepsis is still unclear. Methods: A retrospective medical records review study, which aimed to identify the risk factors of mortality in neonates with CRAB sepsis (including both bacteremia and/or meningitis) in Thailand from 1996 to 2019. All cases featuring positive blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures for CRAB were reviewed. A multivariable logistic regression model was ana...
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Maternal-Neonatal Reports Source Type: research

Incidence of Early and Late Onset Neonatal Sepsis in Suriname: A National Tertiary Hospital Birth-cohort Study
Conclusions: Findings from this tertiary center birth cohort study in a middle-income setting indicate EONS incidence and outcomes comparable to high-income settings, whereas LONS is a more prevalent and significant challenge with a predominance of gram-negative bacteria, and high mortality. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Maternal-Neonatal Reports Source Type: research

Correlation Between Rotavirus Antigenemia and Humoral Immune Response in Patients with Acute Rotavirus Gastroenteritis
No abstract available (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Immunology and Host Response Source Type: research

Frequency of Bacteremia and Urinary Tract Infection in Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients
Conclusions: Bacteremia or UTIs were diagnosed in one-quarter of all pediatric renal transplant recipients presenting with suspected infection within 2 years of transplant. Evaluations were highly variable, with one-third of visits not having urine cultures obtained. No single demographic, clinical or laboratory variable accurately identified patients with bacteremia, although combinations of findings may identify a high-risk population. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Immunology and Host Response Source Type: research

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam and Ceftazidime/Avibactam: An Italian Multi-center Retrospective Analysis of Safety and Efficacy in Children With Hematologic Malignancies and Multi-drug Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria Infections
No abstract available (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Immunology and Host Response Source Type: research

SARS-CoV-2 Sequelae and Postdischarge Health Care Visits Over 5 Months Follow-up Among Children Hospitalized for COVID-19 or MIS-C
This study of commercially insured US children shows that those hospitalized with COVID-19 or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children have a substantial burden of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 sequelae and associated health care visits postdischarge. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: COVID Reports Source Type: research

The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Variants on the Clinical Phenotype and Severity of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in South Africa
The effects of SARS-CoV-2 variants on disease phenotype and severity of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) are unknown. We compared the clinical phenotype of MIS-C in 129 South African children across four distinct (Ancestral type, Beta, Delta, and Omicron) variant-driven waves and found that MIS-C remains a severe disease with a stable clinical presentation, regardless of variant. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: COVID Reports Source Type: research

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in Western Countries? Decreasing Incidence as the Pandemic Progresses?: An Observational Multicenter International Cross-sectional Study
Background: SARS-CoV-2 variations as well as immune protection after previous infections and/or vaccination may have altered the incidence of multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). We aimed to report an international time-series analysis of the incidence of MIS-C to determine if there was a shift in the regions or countries included into the study. Methods: This is a multicenter, international, cross-sectional study. We collected the MIS-C incidence from the participant regions and countries for the period July 2020 to November 2021. We assessed the ratio between MIS-C cases and COVID-19 pediat...
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: COVID Reports Source Type: research

Increased Incidence of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease among Children after COVID-19 Pandemic, England
No abstract available (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Current Abstracts Source Type: research

Single Site Experience of the use of Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of COVID-19 in High-risk Pediatric and Young Adult Patients
Conclusions: Overall, monoclonal antibodies are reasonably well-tolerated COVID-19 therapies in high-risk adolescent and young adult populations. (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: COVID Reports Source Type: research

Prevalence and Characteristics of Persistent Symptoms in Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From a Household Cohort Study in England and Wales
No abstract available (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: COVID Reports Source Type: research

Impact of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Use During Pregnancy on Maternal Bone Mineral Density
No abstract available (Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV Reports Source Type: research

High Rates of Viral Suppression and Care Retention Among Youth Born Outside of the United States with Perinatally Acquired HIV
Background: Youth born outside of the US with perinatally acquired HIV infection (YBoUS-PHIV) account for most children living with HIV in the US, but there are few data characterizing their care outcomes. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of YBoUS-PHIV receiving care across 3 HIV clinics in the Southeastern US between October 2018 and 2019. Primary outcomes were retention in care and viral suppression defined as (1) proportion of suppressed viral loads (VLs) and (2) having all VLs suppressed (definition 1 presented in the abstract). Primary predictors were age, adoption and disclosure status (full, pa...
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV Reports Source Type: research