Intra-Articular Tumors
The intra-articular space is a relatively rare site of occurrence of neoplastic diseases. The 2 distinct groups of clinicopathologic entities that exhibit an almost exclusive tropism for the joints are represented by synovial chondromatosis and tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCT). Synovial chondromatosis is a locally aggressive chondrogenic neoplasm that very rarely can show malignant behavior. TGCT occur in 2 main variants, the localized variant and the more locally aggressive diffuse type. Malignant TCGT is exceedingly rare and is characterized by significant rates of both local recurrence and metastatic spread. (Sourc...
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - October 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Marta Sbaraglia, Marco Gambarotti, Gianluca Businello, Alberto Righi, Matteo Fassan, Angelo P. Dei Tos Source Type: research
Undifferentiated Small Round Cell Sarcomas of Bone
This article highlights current trends in their classification based on morphology, immunohistochemistry, and advanced molecular techniques. As next-generation sequencing becomes commonplace in diagnostic laboratories pathologists can expect to differentiate these tumors with increasing confidence, and actively contribute to related discoveries. Ultimately, when synthesized with rigorous clinical outcome data and other investigative techniques, a more robust landscape for the molecular diagnosis and classification of undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas is expected to emerge in the future. (Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics)
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - October 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Brendan C. Dickson Source Type: research
Giant Cell-Rich Tumors of Bone
The term giant cell-rich tumors of bone refers to a shared morphologic pattern in a group of different osseous lesions, that is, the abundance of osteoclastlike giant cells. Fitting with a broad spectrum of clinical presentations and biological behavior, the recent detection of characteristic molecular alterations in giant cell tumor of bone (H3-3), nonossifying fibroma (KRAS, FGFR1), giant cell granuloma of the jaws (KRAS, FGFR1, TRPV4), and aneurysmal bone cyst (USP6) have contributed significantly to the biological understanding of these morphologically related but clinically distinct lesions and their systematic classi...
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - October 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Wolfgang Hartmann, Dorothee Harder, Daniel Baumhoer Source Type: research
Fibrous and Fibro-Osseous Lesions of Bone
Fibrous and fibro-osseous tumors are some of the most common benign lesions involving bones. Although many of the histomorphologic features of these tumors overlap significantly, an interdisciplinary approach helps to consolidate the classification of these tumors. Herein, the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of lesions within these categories are described. (Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics)
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - October 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Ivan Chebib, Connie Y. Chang, Santiago Lozano-Calderon Source Type: research
Osteofibrous Dysplasia and Adamantinoma
For decades, the diagnosis, treatment, and even pathogenesis of the osteofibrous dysplasia/osteofibrous dysplasia-like adamantinoma/classic adamantinoma spectrum of neoplasms have been controversial. Herein, we discuss and illustrate the radiographic and histologic spectrum, differential diagnoses, unifying chromosomal and molecular abnormalities, and current controversies and treatment recommendations for each entity. (Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics)
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - October 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Alessandra F. Nascimento, Scott E. Kilpatrick, John D. Reith Source Type: research
Miscellaneous Tumours of Bone
There are several tumors that do not easily fit into the specific classifications of primary bone tumors. These tumors include tumors of neural, adipocytic, smooth muscle lineage, and some of uncertain lineage. The pathologic features with recent updates of these tumors are discussed here. (Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics)
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - October 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Vaiyapuri P. Sumathi Source Type: research
Bone Is Hard
Bone is hard. Diagnosing bone tumors is a team approach that most importantly includes the pathologist and radiologist in conjunction with the orthopedic surgeon, along with the radiation and medical oncologist. It is imperative to emphasize that no bone tumor should ever be diagnosed without the pathologist studying the radiographic features, ideally with an experienced bone radiologist. Bone tumors are a diverse group of tumors, many of which are classified based on the matrix the neoplastic cells produce (ie, bone, cartilage). (Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics)
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - October 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: G. Petur Nielsen Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Molecular Pathology of Urothelial Carcinoma
Urothelial carcinoma is characterized by the presence of a wide spectrum of histopathologic features and molecular alterations that contribute to its morphologic and genomic heterogeneity. It typically harbors high rates of somatic mutations with considerable genomic and transcriptional complexity and heterogeneity that is reflective of its varied histomorphologic and clinical features. This review provides an update on the recent advances in the molecular characterization and novel molecular taxonomy of urothelial carcinoma and variant histologies. (Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics)
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - August 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Hikmat Al-Ahmadie, George J. Netto Source Type: research
Molecular Pathology of Ovarian Epithelial Neoplasms
This review focuses on the diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive molecular biomarkers in ovarian epithelial neoplasms in the context of their morphologic classifications. Currently, most clinically actionable molecular findings are reported in high-grade serous carcinomas; however, the data on less common tumor types are rapidly accelerating. Overall, the advances in genomic knowledge over the last decade highlight the significance of integrating molecular findings with morphology in ovarian epithelial tumors for a wide-range of clinical applications, from assistance in diagnosis to predicting response to therapy. (Source...
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - August 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Zehra Ordulu, Jaclyn Watkins, Lauren L. Ritterhouse Source Type: research
Molecular Approach to Colorectal Carcinoma
Colorectal carcinoma is one of the most common cancer types in men and women, responsible for both the third highest incidence of new cancer cases and the third highest cause of cancer deaths. In the last several decades, the molecular mechanisms surrounding colorectal carcinoma ’s tumorigenesis have become clearer through research, providing new avenues for diagnostic testing and novel approaches to therapeutics. Laboratories are tasked with providing the most current information to help guide clinical decisions. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge surroun ding colorectal carcinoma tumorigenesis and highl...
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - August 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Cameron Beech, Jaclyn F. Hechtman Source Type: research
Molecular Pathology of Thyroid Tumors
The molecular signatures of many thyroid tumors have been uncovered. These discoveries have translated into clinical practice and are changing diagnostic and tumor classification paradigms. Here, the findings of recent studies are presented with special emphasis on how molecular insights are impacting the understating of RAS mutant thyroid nodules, H ürthel cell neoplasms, and unusual thyroid tumors, such as hyalinizing trabecular tumor, secretory carcinoma of the thyroid, and sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia. In addition, the utility of detecting actionable molecular alterations by immunohistochemist...
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - August 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Juan C. Hernandez-Prera Source Type: research
Pan-Cancer Molecular Biomarkers
This article reviews issues surrounding current and emerging pan-cancer molecular biomarkers in clinical oncology: technological advances that enable the broad detection of cancer mutations across hundreds of genes, the spectrum of driver and passenger mutations derived from human cancer genomes, and implications for patient care now and in the near future. (Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics)
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - August 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Fei Dong Source Type: research
Molecular Pathology of Myeloid Neoplasms
Despite the apparent complexity of the molecular genetic underpinnings of myeloid neoplasms, most myeloid mutational profiles can be understood within a simple framework. Somatic mutations accumulate in hematopoietic stem cells with aging and toxic insults, termed clonal hematopoiesis. These "old stem cells" mutations, predominantly in the epigenetic and RNA spliceosome pathways, act as “founding” driver mutations leading to a clonal myeloid neoplasm when sufficient in number and clone size. Subsequent mutations can create the genetic flavor of the myeloid neoplasm (“backseat” drivers) due to their enrichment in ce...
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - August 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Sam Sadigh, Annette S. Kim Source Type: research
Molecular Pathology
SURGICAL PATHOLOGY CLINICS (Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics)
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - August 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Lauren L. Ritterhouse Source Type: research
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ELSEVIER (Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics)
Source: Surgical Pathology Clinics - August 7, 2021 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
