Longitudinal changes in the carotid arteries of head and neck cancer patients following radiation therapy: Results from a prospective serial imaging biomarker characterization study
Radiation therapy (RT) is an integral part of the treatment of head and neck cancer [1]. Most patients require treatment to the cervical lymph nodes adjacent to the carotid arteries, which most often cannot be excluded from the RT volume. This increases the risk for accelerated atherosclerosis, carotid artery stenosis and subsequent transient ischemic attack (TIA) and cerebrovascular accident (CVA) [2,3]. The long latent interval of several years from RT to the development of carotid artery stenosis makes it difficult to identify patients who will develop adverse outcomes [4,5]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 9, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Efstratios Koutroumpakis, Abdallah Sherif Radwan Mohamed, Peter Chaftari, David I. Rosenthal, Dorothy Gujral, Christopher Nutting, Serageldin Kamel, Mohamed A. Naser, Peter Kim, Roland Bassett, Clifton D. Fuller, Elie Mouhayar, MD Anderson Head Neck Radia Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Optimal hypofractionated radiation therapy schemes for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma
Hepatobiliary cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide [1]. The majority ( ∼90 %) of hepatobiliary cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) which may result in liver cirrhosis. The major risk factors are chronic infection of hepatitis B and C viruses in Asia, while chronic heavy alcohol use, obesity, and diabetes in the USA and Europe. Despite of improved HCC screening , prevention, and treatment of the risk factors, the incurrence and mortality rates continue to rise. The treatment options for patients with early-stage hepatobiliary cancer are surgery, transplantation, and/or ablation. (Source: Rad...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 9, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Feng Liu, Doris R. Brown, Michael T. Munley Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Dose-response of localized renal cell carcinoma after stereotactic body radiation therapy: A meta-analysis
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignancy of the kidney, with an estimated 79,000 new cases and 13,920 deaths in the United States in 2022. [1] Over the last two decades, the incidence of RCC has continued to increase by 2 % annually, with a calculated global age-standardized mortality rate of 1.8/100,000. [2] Surgical resection with radical or partial nephrectomy remains the standard of care for the initial management of primary RCC. [3] However, surgery may not be feasible for all patients, particularly those who are elderly, have impaired kidney function, or possess significant comorbidities, which com...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 8, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Ryan S. Huang, Ronald Chow, Pradnya Chopade, Andrew Mihalache, Asad Hasan, Gabriel Boldt, Rachel Glicksman, Charles B. Simone, Michael Lock, Srinivas Raman Tags: Meta-analysis Source Type: research
Very accelerated partial breast irradiation in 1 or 2 days: Late toxicity and early oncological outcome of the GEC-ESTRO VAPBI cohort
In 2020, with 2.26 million new cases, breast cancer was the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women (684,996) [1]. Forecasts for 2040 predict 3.19 million (30 % increase) new cancer cases and 1.04 million (34 % increase) cancer deaths [2]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 7, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Jean-Michel Hannoun-Levi, Marta Gimeno Morales, Jocelyn Gal, Javier Anchuelo, Jose-Luis Guinot, Miren Gazta ñaga, Norbert Meszaros, Csaba Polgar, Vratislav Strnad, Renaud Schiappa, Cristina Gutierrez Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Very accelerated partial breast irradiation in 1 or 2 days: Late toxicity and early oncological outcome of the GEC-ESTRO VAPBI cohort
In 2020, with 2.26 million new cases, breast cancer was the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women (684,996) [1]. Forecasts for 2040 predict 3.19 million (30% increase) new cancer cases and 1.04 million (34% increase) cancer deaths [2]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 7, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Jean-Michel Hannoun-Levi, Marta Gimeno Morales, Jocelyn Gal, Javier Anchuelo, Jose-Luis Guinot, Miren Gastanaga, Norbert Meszaros, Csaba Polgar, Vratislav Strnad, Renaud Schiappa, Cristina Gutierrez Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Corrigendum to “Safety and feasibility of CDK4/6 inhibitors treatment combined with radiotherapy in patients with HR-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer. A systematic review and meta-analysis” [Radiother. Oncol. 187 (2023) 109839]
After publication of the abovementioned article, the authors regret that the Funding section was incomplete. The correct Funding information has been printed below. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 6, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Marcin Kubeczko, Micha ł Jarząb, Dorota Gabryś, Aleksandra Krzywon, Alexander J. Cortez, Amy J. Xu Tags: Systematic Review Source Type: research
Proton therapy induces a local microglial neuroimmune response
Neurocognitive sequelae are the leading cause of a reduced quality of life in paediatric and adult primary brain and central nervous system tumour patients [1]. In addition, patients with brain metastases also experience debilitating neurocognitive impairment [2]. Although radiotherapy is an integral part of the treatment of brain tumours, it is associated with the development of neurocognitive side effects due to the co-irradiation of normal brain tissue [3]. Despite the introduction of 3D conformal radiotherapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy, preventing or minimising radiotherapy-induced neurocognitive sequelae rem...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 6, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Dani ëlle C. Voshart, Myrthe Klaver, Yuting Jiang, Hilmar R.J. van Weering, Fleur van Buuren-Broek, Gideon P. van der Linden, Davide Cinat, Harry H. Kiewiet, Justin Malimban, Daniel A. Vazquez-Matias, Luiza Reali Nazario, Ayla C. Scholma, Jeffrey Sewdiha Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Low-dose radiotherapy synergizes with iRGD-antiCD3-modified T cells by facilitating T cell infiltration
Immunotherapy has led to a paradigm shift in cancer treatment over the last decade. Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) represents one of the pivotal immunotherapies and has achieved remarkable success in hematological malignancies; however, its efficacy in most solid tumors including gastric cancer is still very limited. Decrease in T cell-attracting chemokines, VEGF-induced downregulation of adhesion molecules, as well as the presence of immunosuppressive components in the TME, all hamper T cell infiltration or survival in tumors [1]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 6, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Shujuan Zhou, Mei Zhu, Xiao Wei, Peiyuan Mu, Lijun Shen, Yan Wang, Juefeng Wan, Hui Zhang, Fan Xia, Zhen Zhang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Baseline shift corrections towards the heart: External validation of the impact on survival in early-stage NSCLC patients
Radiation dose to the heart is associated with poorer survival in patients treated with radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)[1]. Research has shown the negative effects of cardiac dose on overall survival (OS)[1 –4], non-cancer death[5] and cardiac events[6,7]. While current efforts are directed at reducing cardiac dose when the radiation treatment is planned[8,9], anatomical variations during treatment[10] may cause the delivered dose to deviate from the planned dose, thus posing additional risk factors [11,12]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 6, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Celia Juan-Cruz, Barbara Stam, Maddalena Rossi, Jose Belderbos, Jan-Jakob Sonke Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
European association of urology risk stratification predicts outcome in patients receiving PSMA-PET-planned salvage radiotherapy for biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy
In cases of localized prostate cancer, both radical prostatectomy and external beam radiotherapy provide excellent long-term results; however, approximately 30 –50 % of patients with intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer experience biochemical recurrence (BR) within 10 years following treatment [1]. Salvage radiotherapy (SRT), with or without androgen deprivation (ADT), provides a potential cure for patients with BR after RP [2,3]. While SRT ha s a well-established effect on biochemical progression-free survival [4], its impacts on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) seem to be limited to a...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 6, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Sophia Scharl, Constantinos Zamboglou, Iosif Strouthos, Andrea Farolfi, Francesca Serani, Stefan A. Koerber, J ürgen Debus, Jan C. Peeken, Marco M.E. Vogel, Stephanie G.C. Kroeze, Matthias Guckenberger, Manuel Krafcsik, George Hruby, Louise Emmett, Nina- Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
In silico evaluation and feasibility of near margin-less head and neck daily adaptive radiotherapy
Personalized medicine is transforming the landscape of treatment options throughout oncology. Targeted systemic agents and immunotherapies have shown great success in optimizing patient outcomes, while liquid biopsies are trying to unravel the intricacies of tailored cancer management [1]. The field of radiation oncology is also embracing efforts to personalize treatments through real-time treatment planning and biomarker-guided dose adjustments [2,3,4,5]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 5, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Michael Dohopolski, Justin Visak, Byongsu Choi, Boyu Meng, David Parsons, Xinran Zhong, Enobong Inam, Vlad Avkshtol, Dominic Moon, David Sher, Mu-Han Lin Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Multi-centre evaluation of variation in cumulative dose assessment in reirradiation scenarios
Reirradiation with curative intent is increasing in frequency due to improvements in patient outcomes and availability of modern precision radiotherapy techniques, such as image guidance and dose sculpting capabilities [1]. Safe reirradiation requires reliable assessment of cumulative doses to critical organs, contending with anatomical changes between treatment courses and radiobiological effects from fraction size and tissue recovery [2]. Retrospective evaluations of reirradiation clinical outcomes that include assessment of cumulative doses have been reported for a range of tumour sites [3 –11]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 5, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Nicholas Hardcastle, Eliana Vasquez Osorio, Andrew Jackson, Charles Mayo, Anja Eineb ærholm Aarberg, Myriam Ayadi, Francesca Belosi, Cemile Ceylan, Angela Davey, Pauline Dupuis, Julia-Claire Handley, Theresa Hemminger, Lone Hoffmann, Colin Kelly, Chrysan Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Targeting the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway to reduce radiation treatment side effects
Radiotherapy (RT) is an effective treatment for cancer [1]. Approximately 50 % of newly diagnosed cancer patients should receive RT at some point in the history of their disease [2]. The main goal of RT is to administer a dose of ionizing radiation that is sufficient to ensure tumor control or alleviate symptoms while avoiding normal tissue complications. Recent advances in high precision RT planning and delivery have yielded higher tumor control rates and/or lower toxicity rates in a variety of clinical sites. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Naz Chaudary, Richard P. Hill, Michael Milosevic Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Dose and dose rate dependence of the tissue sparing effect at ultra-high dose rate studied for proton and electron beams using the zebrafish embryo model
The FLASH effect, describing the sparing of normal tissue while maintaining the tumor killing efficiency at ultra-high dose rate (UHDR), has received great attention in the radiotherapy community and has stimulated research in all disciplines involved. This particular interest came because of its potential to widen the therapeutic window: the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) curve is shifted to higher doses while the tumor control probability (TCP) is unaffected [1]. Although first patients are treated with UHDR regimes [2,3], it would be preferable to understand the underlying mechanisms in order to know the ...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Felix Horst, Elisabeth Bodenstein, Michael Brand, Stefan Hans, Leonhard Karsch, Elisabeth Lessmann, Steffen L öck, Michael Schürer, Jörg Pawelke, Elke Beyreuther Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Benefit of respiratory gating in the Danish Breast Cancer Group partial breast irradiation trial
Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease with widely different prognoses requiring individual treatment approaches [1]. Overall, adjuvant radiotherapy for early BC significantly reduces local, regional, and distant failure and for selected patients increases overall survival [2]. With a better understanding of the nature of BC and the development of CT-based treatment techniques, it has been possible to provide more personalized treatments focusing on the balance between gains and risks.Table 1. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - March 3, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Kristine W. H øgsbjerg, Else Maae, Mette H. Nielsen, Lars Stenbygaard, Anders N. Pedersen, Esben Yates, Martin Berg, Ebbe L. Lorenzen, Ingelise Jensen, Mirjana Josipovic, Mette S. Thomsen, Birgitte V. Offersen Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
