Mesenchymal stem cell-derived HGF attenuates radiation-induced senescence in salivary glands via compensatory proliferation
Head and neck cancer accounts for more than 550 000 cases annually worldwide [1] of with 70% of patients receiving radiotherapy. A common severe side effect of radiotherapy is hyposalivation and a consequent dry mouth sensation (xerostomia) which is often very difficult to treat [2]. The major cause of this side effect is the often unavoidable exposure of the salivary glands (SG) to radiation due to their position relative to the tumor within the radiotherapy treatment plan. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 3, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: A.A. Soto-Gamez, M. van Es, E. Hageman, S.A. Serna-Salas, H. Moshage, M. Demaria, S. Pringle, R.P. Coppes Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Outcomes Following Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy Alone for Surgically Unfit Early Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients; A Retrospective Single Center Analysis
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histologic type of esophageal cancer among most Asian countries, and comprises of 89.9% in Korea [1,2]. The rates of crude incidence and mortality by esophageal cancer were reported as 5.4 and 3.0 per 100,000 Koreans in the year of 2020 [3]. Although the treatment outcomes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is not satisfactory enough, the proportion of the patients who are diagnosed with early cT stage tumors has recently increased in Korea along with the routine endoscopic evaluation according to the National Cancer Screening Programme, which could be a promising aspect...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 3, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Kangpyo Kim, Dongryul Oh, Jae Myoung Noh, Yang Won Min, Hong Kwan Kim, Yong Chan Ahn Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Exploring published and novel pre-treatment CT and PET radiomics to stratify risk of progression among early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with stereotactic radiation
Early-stage, lymph node-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is managed with surgical resection or stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), which results in similar local control rates of approximately 90% [1 –6]. Despite effective eradication of the primary tumor, regional and distant recurrences remain and lead to progression-free survival (PFS) rates of only 60-80% two years post-treatment [3,5]. The role of adjuvant therapy following SBRT remains unclear, with considerations for treatment mostly ex trapolated from the surgical literature [7]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 3, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Maria Thor, Kelly Fitzgerald, Aditya Apte, Jung Hun Oh, Aditi Iyer, Otasowie Odiase, Saad Nadeem, Ellen D. Yorke, Jamie Chaft, Abraham J. Wu, Michael Offin, Charles B Simone II, Isabel Preeshagul, Daphna Y. Gelblum, Daniel Gomez, Joseph O. Deasy, Andreas Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Evaluation and Analysis of Risk Factors of Hearing Impairment for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma treated using Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), initiating in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells, caused 133,354 new cases and 80,008 deaths globally in 2020, according to GLOBOCAN [1]. Although NPC accounted for only 7.2% of all cancers diagnosed in 2020, over 70% of new cases occurred in endemic areas. NPC has distinct geographical and ethnic distributions, particularly in north Africa, southern China, and south-east Asia, where the incidence rate standardized for age is 4 –25 cases per 100,000 people is much higher than that for Caucasians (about 1 in 100,000 [2]). (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 3, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Lin Chen, Jing Li, Kunpeng Li, Jiang Hu, Qingjie Li, Chenglong Huang, Gaoyuan Wang, Na Liu, Linglong Tang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
ESTRO clinical practice guideline: Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Spine metastases
Recent progress in diagnostics and treatment of metastatic cancer patients have improved survival substantially. These developments also affect local therapies, with treatment aims shifting from short-term palliation to long-term symptom or disease control. There is consequently a need to better define the value of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for the treatment of spinal metastases. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 2, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: M Guckenberger, N Andratschke, C Belka, D Bellut, F Cuccia, M Dahele, RS Guninski, M Josipovic, P Mancosu, G Minniti, M Niyazi, U Ricardi, P Munck af Rosenschold, A Sahgal, Y Tsang, WFAR Verbakel, F Alongi Source Type: research
Combination of local radiotherapy and anti-glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) therapy augments PD-L1 blockade-mediated anti-tumor effects in murine breast cancer model
Among breast cancer subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a relatively immunogenic tumor microenvironment (TME) with higher immune cell infiltration and PD-L1 expression compared to other subtypes, resulting in clinical benefits from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in clinical trials[1 –4] Nevertheless, the overall response rates in these clinical trials were less than 25%, and additional strategies are needed. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 2, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Jun Yeong Song, Min Guk Han, Yoomin Kim, Min Ji Kim, Mi Hyun Kang, Seung Hyuck Jeon, In Ah Kim Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Response to the letter to the editor by Maci à I Garau et al. regarding the article “ESTRO-EANO guideline on target delineation and radiotherapy details for glioblastoma” by Niyazi et al
We wish to extend our gratitude to our esteemed colleagues, Maci à i Garau et al., for their insightful remarks on our paper. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Maximilian Niyazi, Martin Bendszus, Giuseppe Minniti Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Efficacy and safety of SBRT for spine metastases: A systematic review and meta-analysis for preparation of an ESTRO practice guideline
Skeletal metastases are among the most frequent sites of cancer spread, with the spine being the preferred site of tumor colonization (1) especially from lung, prostate or breast tumors. Spine metastases can have a substantial impact on patient ’s quality of life (QoL); they can cause pain, impair activities of daily living, and may threaten the spinal cord/cauda equina leading to neurological deficits (2). (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: RS Guninski, F Cuccia, F Alongi, N Andratschke, C Belka, D Bellut, M Dahele, M Josipovic, TE Kroese, P Mancosu, G Minniti, M Niyazi, U Ricardi, P Munck af Rosenschold, A Sahgal, Y Tsang, WFAR Verbakel, M Guckenberger Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Assessing late outcomes of advances in radiotherapy for paediatric cancers: study protocol of the “HARMONIC-RT” European registry (NCT 04746729)
Each year, approximately 35,000 children and adolescents are diagnosed with cancer in Europe [1]. Overall, the five-year survival rate now exceeds 80% [2]. However, the burden of cancer and treatment-related sequelae is significant. Paediatric cancer survivors have a 5-times higher risk of developing severe, disabling or fatal health conditions by the age of 50 years compared to their siblings [3]. External beam radiation therapy technique (EBRT) is an important risk factor for sequelae such as second and subsequent primary cancer (SPC), cardio- and neurovascular diseases and endocrinopathies, which typically occur after s...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Neige Journy, St éphanie Bolle, Lorenzo Brualla, Agnès Dumas, Brice Fresneau, Nadia Haddy, Siamak Haghdoost, Karin Haustermans, Angela Jackson, Sanja Karabegovic, Yasmin Lassen–Ramshad, Juliette Thariat, Martina Roxanne Wette, Suzan Botzenhardt, Inge Source Type: research
Low Contralateral Failure Rate with Unilateral Proton Beam Radiotherapy for Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: a multi-institutional prospective study from the Proton Collaborative Group
Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is a common head and neck cancer with a predilection for cervical lymph node metastasis. [1] Rates of lymph node involvement on presentation are high due to the rich lymphatic supply of the region, ranging from 57% –78%. [2,3] Radiation treatment for OPSCC often covers the bilateral neck electively because of the risk for bilateral nodal drainage, particularly for oropharynx cancers approaching or crossing the midline. [4,5,6] (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Derek A Mumaw, Allison J Hazy, Aleksander Vayntraub, Thomas J Quinn, Kamran Salari, John H Chang, Noah Kalman, Sanford Katz, James Urbanic, Robert H Press, Arpi D Thukral, Henry Tsai, George E Laramore, Jason Molitoris, Carlos Vargas, Samir H Patel, Craig Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
What is the predictive value of recist criteria following stereotactic lung radiation?
Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is a recognized treatment option for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [1]. While its use in medically operable patients remains controversial, its use in those who are medically inoperable is widely accepted [1,2]. SABR is generally well-tolerated and provides good local control, often cited as>90% [2]. However, assessing response post-treatment can be difficult, as post-radiation changes can appear similar to tumor recurrence on follow-up computed tomography (CT) imaging [3,4]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - October 31, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Stephanie Gulstene, Pencilla Lang, X. Melody Qu MPH, Joanna M. Laba, Brian P. Yaremko, George B. Rodrigues, Edward Yu, Mehdi Qiabi, Rahul Nayak, Richard A. Malthaner, Dalilah Fortin, Andrew Warner, Richard I. Inculet, David A. Palma Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Treatment planning comparison for head and neck cancer between photon, proton, and combined proton –photon therapy – From a fixed beam line to an arc
Head and neck cancers (HNC) are a major indication for radiotherapy (RT), with state-of-the-art treatment usually involving photon-based irradiation techniques such as IMRT/VMAT or tomotherapy [1 –4]. Such treatments are widely available in RT clinics, relatively cheap and are considered to be relatively insensitive to the anatomical changes of a patient that are common during RT in the head and neck region [5–7]. Nevertheless, many cases remain challenging for photon RT [8,9]. As such, alternative techniques such as pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy (PT) [10,11] are increasingly being used for HNCs [12–16], ...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - October 30, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Florian Amstutz, Reinhardt Krcek, Barbara Bachtiary, Damien C. Weber, Antony J. Lomax, Jan Unkelbach, Ye Zhang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Treatment planning comparison for head and neck cancer between photon, proton, and combined proton-photon therapy – from a fixed beam line to an arc
Head and neck cancers (HNC) are a major indication for radiotherapy (RT), with state-of-the-art treatment usually involving photon-based irradiation techniques such as IMRT/VMAT or tomotherapy [1-4]. Such treatments are widely available in RT clinics, relatively cheap and are considered to be relatively insensitive to the anatomical changes of a patient that are common during RT in the head and neck region [5-7]. Nevertheless, many cases remain challenging for photon RT [8,9]. As such, alternative techniques such as pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy (PT) [10,11] are increasingly being used for HNCs [12-16], as they...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - October 30, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Florian Amstutz, Reinhardt Krcek, Barbara Bachtiary, Damien C. Weber, Antony J. Lomax, Jan Unkelbach, Ye Zhang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
A comprehensive predictive model for radiation-induced brain injury in risk stratification and personalized radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Radiation-induced brain injury (RBI) is a common radiotoxicity symptom for cancer patients who are treated with partial or whole-brain irradiation, characterized by vascular abnormalities, demyelination, and ultimately necrosis.[1]. Among patients of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), RBI has an incidence of 2-16% even with the use of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) [2 –11]. Of the NPC patients who developed RBI, 22.5% to 47% had clinical symptoms including dizziness, headaches, memory deterioration, muscle weakness, and epileptic attacks, greatly compromising the long-term life quality of the patients [5,12–15]. ...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - October 30, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Yong-Qiao He, Tong-Min Wang, Da-Wei Yang, Wen-Qiong Xue, Chang-Mi Deng, Dan-Hua Li, Wen-Li Zhang, Ying Liao, Ruo-Wen Xiao, Lu-Ting Luo, Hua Diao, Xia-Ting Tong, Yan-Xia Wu, Xue-Yin Chen, Jiang-Bo Zhang, Ting Zhou, Xi-Zhao Li, Pei-Fen Zhang, Xiao-Hui Zheng Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Initial Evaluation and External Validation of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in Tubarial Gland Characterization
The tubarial glands are a pair of mucosal glands located in the nasopharynx, near the torus tubarius and the posterolateral pharyngeal recess [1] Although they were described by anatomists in 1837 [2,3], these have been reported as na ïve findings in other studies [4,5], and in histological analysis, although referred to as Eustachian tube submucosal glands in such [6,7]. However, these pair of glands were recently named tubarial salivary glands by Valstar et al. in 2021, highlighting their importance as organs at risk in radiot herapy planning and their risk of toxicity [8] (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - October 30, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Luis Adrian Alvarez-Lozada, Estefany Janeth Salinas-Puente, Rodrigo Alejandro Torres-De Le ón, Francisco Javier Arrambide-Garza, Alejandro Quiroga-Garza, Guillermo Elizondo-Riojas, Rodrigo Enrique Elizondo-Omaña, Santos Guzmán-López, José Luis Trevi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
