Mitophagy induction improves salivary gland stem/progenitor cell function by reducing senescence after irradiation
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the seventh most prevalent cancer worldwide [1]. The primary treatment approach for the majority of HNC patients involves radiotherapy, often in conjunction with surgery and chemotherapy [1]. Unfortunately, radiotherapy leads to a decline in a patient's quality of life, primarily due to radiation-induced damage of normal tissues [2]. Xerostomia, or dry mouth syndrome, is a side effect which results from the co-irradiation of healthy salivary glands [3]. Consequently, patients suffer from impaired speech, dental issues, and difficulties with swallowing and speaking [3]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 23, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Davide Cinat, Anna Lena De Souza, Abel Soto-Gamez, Anne L. Jellema-de Bruin, Rob P. Coppes, Lara Barazzuol Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Improved Local Control following Dose-Escalated Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy (SABR) for Metastatic Sarcomas: An International Multi-Institutional Experience
Over 90% of cancer related deaths are attributable to metastases, making early disease management – before distant progression occurs – critically important. [1] While relatively rare (approximately 1% of all cancers), sarcomas account for a disproportionate number of distant metastases when compared to other cancers. Inevitably, these metastases – which typically arise in the lungs and bo ne – lead to significant morbidity. Half of sarcoma patients will experience disease progression and their unfortunate sequelae: dyspnea, hemoptysis, bone fracture, and cord compression. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 23, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Raj Singh, Alec Konrad, John G. Roubil, Jan Jenkins, Joanne Davis, John Austin Vargo, Emile Gogineni, Sanjeev Sharma Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Stereotactic reirradiation in the treatment of head and neck cancers: A retrospective study on the long-term experience of the Oscar Lambret Center
Throughout their oncologic history, approximately 80% of patients with head and neck (H&N) cancer undergo radiation therapy [1]. However, 50% of treated patients develop recurrent/secondary cancer. Thus, the H&N cancer-related death rate is approximately 60%; and over 40% of these result from locoregional progression [2]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 23, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Chlo é Delerue, David Pasquier, Emilie Bogart, Xavier Mirabel, Julien Laffarguette, Séverine Lals, Maël Barthoulot, Eric Lartigau, Xavier Liem Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Oral chemotherapy versus observation alone in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with persistently detected circulating cell-free Epstein-Barr virus DNA during follow-up
More than 20% patients with non-disseminated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) develop recurrence after radical chemoradiotherapy, which is the main cause of treatment failure and death.[1,2] Despite the use of aggressive salvage treatment strategies such as systemic chemotherapy, the cure rate for recurrent NPC was extremely low, with a median progression-free survival duration reported as only 5.6 –7.0 months.[3] The effect of chemotherapy may be proportional to the tumor burden. Therefore, timely detection of recurrence signs and accordingly administering more aggressive treatment might improve survival outcomes. (Source...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 23, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Cheng-Long Huang, Gao-Yuan Wang, Jia-Hao Lou, Lin Chen, Qing-Jie Li, Kun-Peng Li, Xiao-Yu Liang, Ying-Qin Li, Ying Sun, Jun Ma, Rui Guo, Ling-Long Tang, Lei Chen Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Proton and photon radiotherapy in stage III NSCLC: effects on hematological toxicity and adjuvant immune therapy
The standard-of-care for fit patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC is concurrent chemo-radiation (CCRT) with a radiation dose of 60 Gray (Gy) in 2 Gy daily fractions followed by adjuvant durvalumab for 12 months. In the PACIFIC study, adjuvant durvalumab led to 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) rates of 43% and 33%, respectively1. CCRT is a toxic treatment with acute and late side effects that may also compromise treatment efficacy and survival2. The radiation of primary (bone marrow) and secondary lymphoid organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes may also compromise the immune response...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 21, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Francesco Cortiula, Lizza E.L. Hendriks, Robin Wijsman, Ruud Houben, Michelle Steens, Sarah Debakker, Richard Canters, Marco Trovo, Nanna M. Sijtsema, Anne G.H. Niezink, Mirko Unipan, Susanna Urban, Anna Michelotti, Safiye Dursun, Gerben Bootsma, Djoya Ha Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE), a natural polyphenol to increase the therapeutic window for lung adenocarcinomas
Lung cancer is the most common cancer type in men, with an incidence of 1.5 million cases in 2020, and it is the third most frequent in women with over 0.7 million new diagnoses per year. With almost 1.8 million deaths in 2020, which accounts for 18% of all cancer deaths, lung cancer is the first cause of cancer death worldwide [1,2]. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of the cases and is the most commonly diagnosed type of lung cancer. NSCLC can be classified into different subtypes, namely adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas the most frequent ones [3]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 21, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: E. Prades-Sagarra, F. Laarakker, J. Dissy, N.G. Lieuwes, R. Biemans, M. Dubail, C. Fouillade, A. Yaromina, L.J. Dubois Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Dosimetric Analysis of Brachial Plexopathy after Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy: Significance of Organ Delineation
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a standard treatment for inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and various oligometastatic tumors [1 –4], achieving excellent local tumor control and overall survival through highly conformal dose distribution and ablative regimens [5,6]. However, for lesions in the apical lung and neck regions, the determination of an ablative regimen while controlling toxicity of the brachial plexus (BP) still perplexes clinicians [7,8]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 21, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Geng-Min Niu, Miao-Miao Gao, Xiao-Feng Wang, Yang Dong, Yi-Fan Zhang, Huan-Huan Wang, Yong Guan, Ze-Yuan Cheng, Shu-Zhou Zhao, Yong-Chun Song, Zhen Tao, Lu-Jun Zhao, Mao-Bin Meng, Feng-Ming Spring Kong, Zhi-Yong Yuan Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Prospective study of HDR brachytherapy (BT), External Beam Radiotherapy (EBRT) and Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT): 10-years experience of an MRI-Guided approach
Prostate brachytherapy (BT) as a boost in combination with external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) has emerged as a superior treatment strategy, supported by randomized studies, in terms of achieving improved biochemical failure-free survival. Due to its demonstrated efficacy, this approach has become one of the standard and most effective treatments for dose escalation to the prostate [1,2]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 21, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: A. Gomez-Iturriaga, L. Zaragoza, I. Valverde, F. Perez Azorin, B. Santos-Zorrozua, J.A. Guerrero, F. Cou ñago, J. Cacicedo, M. Marban, S. Santana, C. Mascarell, E. Novo, R. Fernandez, J. Garcia-Olaverri, A. Urresola, A. Ezquerro, D. Büchser Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Chemoimmunotherapy combined with consolidative thoracic radiotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) has an extremely poor prognosis, and platinum –etoposide chemotherapy has been the standard first-line treatment for over three decades[1]. Despite the initial response, relapse is frequent, and the median overall survival (OS) is merely 10 months. Recently, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in immunotherapy research for ES-SCLC. T he IMpower133 study provided compelling evidence that the addition of atezolizumab (PD-L1 inhibitor) to chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for ES-SCLC led to a substantial improvement in OS and progression-free survival (PFS)[2]. ...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 17, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Baijie Feng, Yue Zheng, Jiayuan Zhang, Min Tang, Feifei Na Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
“Primer shot” fractionation with an early treatment break is theoretically superior to consecutive weekday fractionation schemes for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer
The use of hypofractionation and stereotactic radiotherapy is increasing for all cancers. In breast[1] and prostate cancer[2], schedules have been reduced to 5 fractions. Similarly, hypofractionation is ideal for many early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), given the small amount of lung tissue in the irradiated volume[3]. The resulting local failure (LF) rate is low, especially for peripherally located tumors[4] that can receive more effective fractionation regimes, typically to biologically effective doses (BED) of>100 Gy [5]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 14, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Z.A.R. Gouw, J. Jeong, A. Rimner, N.Y. Lee, A. Jackson, A. Fu, J-J. Sonke, J.O. Deasy Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
A multimodality assessment of the protective capacity of statin therapy in a mouse model of radiation cardiotoxicity
Radiation cardiotoxicity (RC) is a common adverse effect following treatment for intrathoracic malignancy [1 –4]. Depending on the dose distribution, cardiac substructure irradiation can lead to a range of symptomatic conditions including ischaemia, arrhythmia, valvopathy and pericardial disease in the months-to-years after treatment, and typically with a chronic component [5,6]. Symptomatic or occult ca rdiac tissue damage [7,8] may increase the risk of death by impairing cardiac function during unrelated acute physiological challenges. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 14, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Gerard M. Walls, Mihaela Ghita, Brian Herron, Kevin S. Edgar, Refik Kuburas, Chris J Watson, David J. Grieve, Aidan J. Cole, Suneil Jain, Karl T. Butterworth Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Cardiac radiation dose is associated with inferior survival but not cardiac events in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitor consolidation
Patients with lung cancer often have pre-existing cardiovascular comorbidity and receive potentially cardiotoxic therapies, including radiation therapy (RT). In RTOG 0617, higher cardiac radiation dose was associated with worse overall survival (OS) in patients with unresectable, locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) treated with concurrent chemoradiation therapy (cCRT) [1]. One hypothesis is that higher cardiac dose was associated with cardiac events, and these cardiac events led to worse OS. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 14, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Nikhil Yegya-Raman, Sang Ho Lee, Cole Friedes, Xingmei Wang, Michelle Iocolano, Timothy P. Kegelman, Lian Duan, Bolin Li, Eva Berlin, Kristine N. Kim, Abigail Doucette, Srinivas Denduluri, William P. Levin, Keith A. Cengel, Roger B. Cohen, Corey J. Langer Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
The Rise of Negative Portrayals of Radiation Oncology: A Textual Analysis of Media News
On June 4, 2023, The New York Times published an article discussing the findings of the PROSPECT study, which revealed that in certain cases of locally advanced rectal cancer, preoperative six cycles of modified FOLFOX6 are non-inferior to chemoradiotherapy. Still, it comes with the cost of increased toxicity and a longer treatment time [1]. The article, titled “Rectal Cancer Patients Could Be Spared the Brutal Effects of Radiation” garnered significant attention, but it portrayed radiotherapy negatively despite the study's findings [2]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 14, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Dominik Wawrzuta, Justyna Klejdysz, Marzanna Chojnacka Source Type: research
Brachytherapy is an effective and safe salvage option for re-irradiation in recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM): a systematic review
Glioblastoma (GBM) is classified as a grade IV astrocytoma by the World Health Organization (WHO), which is the most aggressive and common type of glioma[1]. For newly diagnosed GBM, the current treatment regimens typically include maximal safe surgical resection[2], followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy (external beam radiotherapy combined with temozolomide)[3 –5], or tumor-treating fields (TTFields)[6–7], and their reasonable combined regimens. Despite the use of this aggressive multidisciplinary strategy, the median survival time is only about 1/2-year, and the 5-year survival rate is only about 10%, or...
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 14, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Xiaoyong Xiang, Zhe Ji, Jing Jin Source Type: research
Prediction of radiation pneumonitis using the effective α/β of lungs and heart in NSCLC patients treated with proton beam therapy
Locoregionally advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are commonly treated with concurrent radiochemotherapy (RCHT) and adjuvant immunotherapy [1,2]. Treatment intensification strategies in this patient group, e.g., dose escalation to the gross tumor volume (GTV) using stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) or positron-emission tomography (PET) guided dose-painting strategies, have thus far been unsuccessful, in part due to life-threatening toxicities, such as bleeding from major intrathoracic vessels or radiation pneumonitis (RP) [3,4]. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - November 14, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Albrecht Wei ß, Steffen Löck, Ting Xu, Zhongxing Liao, Aswin L. Hoffmann, Esther G.C. Troost Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
