Comparison of Adrenergic and Purinergic Receptor Contributions to Vasomotor Responses in Mesenteric Arteries of C57BL/6J Mice and Wistar Rats
Conclusions: The mesenteric arteries of male C57BL/6J mice and Wistar rats have subtle differences in the signaling mechanisms used to mediate vasoconstriction. As signaling pathways in humans under physiological and pathophysiological conditions become better defined, the current study may inform animal model selection for preclinical studies.J Vasc Res (Source: Journal of Vascular Research)
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - December 11, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
TMEM16A Regulates Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells Proliferation via p38MAPK/ERK Pathway in High Pulmonary Blood Flow-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Conclusion: TMEM16A regulates PASMCs proliferation in high pulmonary blood flow-induced PAH, and the p38MAPK/ERK signaling pathway is probably involved.J Vasc Res (Source: Journal of Vascular Research)
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - December 11, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
Estrogens and the Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Control Flow-Mediated Outward Remodeling in the Female Mouse Mesenteric Artery
Flow-mediated outward remodeling (FMR) is involved in postischemic revascularization. Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), through activation of T-cell-mediated IL-17 production, and estrogens are involved in FMR. Thus, we investigated the interplay between estrogens and AT2R in FMR using a model of ligation of feed arteries supplying collateral pathways in mouse mesenteric arteries in vivo. Arteries were collected after 2 (inflammatory phase), 4 (diameter expansion phase), and 7 days (remodeling completed). We used AT2R+/+ and AT2R−/− ovariectomized (OVX) female mice treated or not with 17-beta-estradiol (E2). Seven...
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - December 2, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
Diabetes Affects the A < sub > 1 < /sub > Adenosine Receptor-Dependent Action of Diadenosine Tetraphosphate (Ap < sub > 4 < /sub > A) on Cortical and Medullary Renal Blood Flow
Diabetes through adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) and P2 receptors (P2Rs) may lead to disturbances in renal microvasculature. We investigated the renal microvascular response to Ap4A, an agonist of P2Rs, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Using laser Doppler flowmetry, renal blood perfusion (RBP) was measured during infusion of Ap4A alone or in the presence of A1R antagonist, either DPCPX (8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine) or 8-cyclopentyltheophylline (CPT). Ap4A induced a biphasic response in RBP: a phase of rapid decrease was followed by a rapid increase, which was transient in diabetic rats but extended for 30 min in...
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - November 18, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
Contents Vol. 57, 2020
J Vasc Res 2020;57:I –VI (Source: Journal of Vascular Research)
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - November 12, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
Thanks to the Reviewers
J Vasc Res 2020;57:376 –377 (Source: Journal of Vascular Research)
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - November 12, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
Syndecan-1 and Glypican-1 Knockout Alters Body Water Balance and Urine Response to Fluid Challenge in Mice
Syndecan-1 (Sdc-1) and glypican-1 (Gpc-1) are 2 important proteoglycans found in the glycocalyx and believed to govern transvascular distribution of fluid and protein. In this translational study, we assessed Sdc-1 and Gpc-1 knockout (KO) on whole body water balance after an intravenous volume challenge. Sdc-1 and Gpc-1 KO mice had higher starting blood water content versus strain-matched controls. Sdc-1 KO mice exhibited a significantly higher diuretic response (87%;p #x3c; 0.05), higher excreted volume/infusion volume ratio (p #x3c; 0.01), higher extravascular/infused ratio, and greater tissue water concentration (60 vs....
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - October 26, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
Isolation of Highly Purified and Viable Retinal Endothelial Cells
In this study, we established a method for isolating neonatal retinal endothelial cells that optimizes cell viability and purity. The CD31+/CD45 − endothelial cell population was fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-isolated from digested postnatal retinas, found to be highly enriched for endothelial cell gene expression, and exhibited no change in viability for 60 min post-FACS. Thus, this method for retinal endothelial cell isolati on is compatible with next-generation sequencing applications. Combining this isolation method with next-generation sequencing will enable further delineation of mechanisms underlying ...
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - October 6, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
Early Morphofunctional Changes in AngII-Infused Mice Contribute to Regional Onset of Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection
Aortic aneurysms and dissections are silent and lethal conditions, whose pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Although angiotensin II (AngII)-infused ApoE −/− mice have been widely used to study aortic aneurysm and dissection, early morphofunctional alterations preceding the onset of these conditions remain unknown. The goal of this study was to unveil early morphofunctional changes underlying the onset of aneurysm and dissection. At 3 days post-A ngII infusion, suprarenal abdominal aorta presented significant volumetric dilatation and microstructural damage. Ex vivo assessment of vascular reactivity of the su...
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - September 16, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
The Effects of a Simulated Workday of Prolonged Sitting on Seated versus Supine Blood Pressure and Pulse Wave Velocity in Adults with Overweight/Obesity and Elevated Blood Pressure
We evaluated the effects of a simulated workday of prolonged sitting on blood pressure (BP) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) and examined whether posture (seated vs. supine) affected responses. Participants (n = 25) were adults, with overweight/obesity and elevated BP, and performed seated desk work for 7.5 h. BP and PWV were measured in seated and supine postures at baseline (7:15 a.m.), midday (12:05 p.m.), and afternoon (4:45 p.m.). Generalized linear mixed models evaluated the effects of prolonged sitting on BP and PWV within each posture and interactions by posture and sex. In the recommended postures, seated BP and supi...
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - September 16, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
Evaluation of Different Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Devices for Assessing Tissue Oxygenation with a Vascular Occlusion Test in Healthy Volunteers
This study aims to compare StO2 using INVOS ® and different O3™ settings (O325:75 and O330:70). Twenty adults were recruited. INVOS ® and O3™ probes were placed simultaneously on 1 side of forearm. After baseline measurement, the vascular occlusion test was initiated. The baseline value, rate of deoxygenation and reoxygenation, minimum and peak StO2, and time from cuff release to peak value were measured. The parameters were compared using ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Bonferroni ’s correction and Mann-Whitney pairwise comparison were used for post hoc analysis. The agreement between StO2 of devices was evaluated...
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - September 7, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
Resveratrol Inhibits Neointimal Growth after Arterial Injury in High-Fat-Fed Rodents: The Roles of SIRT1 and AMPK
We have shown that both insulin and resveratrol (RSV) decrease neointimal hyperplasia in chow-fed rodents via mechanisms that are in part overlapping and involve the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). However, this vasculoprotective effect of insulin is abolished in high-fat-fed insulin-resistant rats. Since RSV, in addition to increasing insulin sensitivity, can activate eNOS via pathways that are independent of insulin signaling, such as the activation of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), we speculated that unlike insulin, the vasculoprotective effect of RSV would be retained in high...
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - August 10, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
Vascular Protective Effects of Xanthotoxin and Its Action Mechanism in Rat Aorta and Human Vascular Endothelial Cells
Conclusions: This study suggests that XAT induces vasorelaxation through the Akt-eNOS-cGMP pathway by activating the KV channel and inhibiting the L-type Ca2+ channel. Furthermore, XAT exerts an inhibitory effect on vascular inflammation, which is correlated with the observed vascular protective effects.J Vasc Res (Source: Journal of Vascular Research)
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - July 29, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
Circulatory CD4-Positive T-Lymphocyte Imbalance Mediated by Homocysteine-Induced AIM2 and NLRP1 Inflammasome Upregulation and Activation Is Associated with Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Conclusions: Inflammasome-induced CD4 cell imbalance was involved in AAA. We thought that AAA might be a consequence of synergism between systemic immune imbalance and local autoimmunity.J Vasc Res (Source: Journal of Vascular Research)
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - July 1, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
Three-Dimensional Imaging of Intraplaque Neovascularization in a Mouse Model of Advanced Atherosclerosis
Multiple lines of evidence suggest that intraplaque (IP) neovascularization promotes atherosclerotic plaque growth, destabilization, and rupture. However, pharmacological inhibition of IP neovascularization remains largely unexplored due to the limited number of animal models that develop IP neovessels and the lack of reliable methods for visualizing IP angiogenesis. Here, we applied 3D confocal microscopy with an optimized tissue-clearing process, immunolabeling-enabled three-dimensional imaging of solvent-cleared organs, to visualize IP neovessels in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice carrying a heterozygous m...
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - July 1, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research
