Epidemiological and diagnostic investigation on bovine theileriosis in Aswan Governorate, Egypt
AbstractThe present study was carried out to investigate the epidemiological and clinical status of bovine Theileriosis in Aswan governorate. During a 2-year study, 265 cattle were clinically suspected upon careful clinical examination asTheileria annulata (T. annulata) infected animals. Conventional diagnosis based on blood and lymph smears examinations showed that, the prevalence of Tropical Theileriosis in cattle in Aswan governorate was 56 (21.13%). Stained blood smears showed the presence of macro and/or micro-schizonts inside lymphocyte (Koch ’s blue bodies. Intraerythrocytic stages ofTheileria annulata piroplasms ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Parasitic infections as potential risk factors for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children
AbstractAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) represents a mysterious neuropsychiatric alarming concern due to indefinite etiopathogenesis among children. Notably, the studies which investigated the correlation between ADHD and parasitic infections are insufficient. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the correlation between ADHD and some tissue dwelling and intestinal parasitic infections in children. The study was conducted on 200 children, including 100 children suffering from ADHD (Group I) and 100 healthy children as a control group (Group II). All caregivers fulfilled predesigned sociodemographic form ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Bovine cerebral theileriosis: first molecular report in cross bred cattle calf in India
AbstractBovine tropical theileriosis caused byTheileria annulata, is a serious constraint to Indian dairy industry with more fatal infections in exotic cattle and substantial losses to cross-bred and indigenous zebu cattle. The present communication is to place on record the first report of molecular based confirmed case of cerebral theileriosis caused byT. annulata coupled with its morphological detection, clinical manifestations, haematological alterations and therapeutic management in a cross bred cattle calf from India. After preparation of peripheral thin blood smear from cross bred cattle calf at the site of collecti...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Molecular epidemiology and associated risk factors of oral cavity parasites in hemodialysis patients in western Iran
AbstractRenal disorders are able to make patients more susceptible to infections, including those caused oral cavity infections. Today, it has been proven that during end stage renal failure, hemodialysis results in acquired immune response defects through failings of humoral and cell-mediated immune. This survey was intended to assess the molecular epidemiology and associated risk factors ofEntamoeba gingivalis andTrichomonas tenax as the main oral cavity protozoa in hemodialysis patients in Lorestan Province, western Iran. The investigation was performed on 73 hemodialysis patients referring to hemodialysis centers of Lo...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
The potential effect of silver nanoparticles synthesized with Coffea arabica green seeds on Leishmania major proliferation, cytotoxicity activity, and cytokines expression level
AbstractThe goal of this study was to analyze the antileishmanial and antibacterial activity ofCoffea arabica green seed biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (C. arabica AgNPs), as well as cytotoxicity and cytokine gene expression. UV –vis spectroscopy, FTIR, and FESEM methods used to examine theC. arabica AgNPs. MTT test was used to assess the antileishmanial and cytotoxicity effects. The gene expression level was assessed in NPs-treated J774 cells by qPCR. The synthesizedC. arabica AgNPs were in the size range of 20 –70 nm, through FESEM pictures. The IC50 values of the NPs were 65. 4 and 47.70 μg/mL against promas...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Community burden of intestinal parasites and its public health concerns in Obizi, Amakama Olokoro, Umuahia South, Abia State, Nigeria
This study was conducted to ascertain the community burden of intestinal parasitic infections in a rural community South-east Nigeria. Formol-ether concentration technique was used in analyzing feacal samples, data analysis involved frequency and distribution statistics, the PAST statistical software was used to determine statistical significance. Results from the study showed that out of 284 respondents 96 (33.8%) were infected. Parasites observed wereAscaris lumbricoides (15.5%), Hookworm (3.9%),Taenia saginata (3.5%),Schistosoma mansoni (4.2%),Enterobius vermicularis (1.1%),Trichuris trichura (1.4%),Chilomastix mensnili...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Investigation of antileishmanial activities of CaO nanoparticles on L. tropica and L. infantum parasites, in vitro
AbstractStibogluconate sodium and meglumine antimoniate are the main antimonials utilised as the primary treatment option for leishmaniasis. However, have a number of side effects that limit their use. Development of nanoparticles (NPs) use in biological research and remarkable antimicrobial effects and unique optical and structural properties of CaO NPs have motivated this study to evaluated the effect of different times/dilutions of CaO NPs onLeishmania tropica andLeishmania infantum. To evaluate the antileishmanial activity of CaO NPs, the cytotoxic effect of CaO NPs againstL. tropica andL. infantum amastigotes, promast...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Natural infestation of an anchor worm, Lernaea sp. in cage culture of Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer juveniles and its control using an anti-parasitic drug, emamectin benzoate
AbstractParasitic infestations and their control programmes are one among the challenges to be considered the most significant in aquaculture. A parasitic infestation was studied elaborately in Asian Seabass,Lates calcarifer juveniles with clinical signs, post-mortem findings, morphological and molecular identifications. In addition, those fish were also treated with emamectin benzoate (EMB) @ 50 µg kg−1 of fish body weight (BW) d−1 for 10 consecutive days under the controlled wet lab facility by feeding through the medicated feed at 4% BW. Results showed that the parasitic prevalence, parasitic intensity (PI) and ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - February 23, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Correction: Performance of PfHRP2 ‑RDT for malaria diagnosis during the first year of life in a high malaria transmission area in Burkina Faso
(Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases)
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - February 22, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Isolation of potent antileishmanial agents from Artemisia kermanensis Podlech using bioguided fractionation
This study aimed to evaluate the secondary metabolites fromArtemisia kermanensis Podlech by bioguided fractionation againstLeishmania major. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were determined based on analysis of mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. Antileishmanial activity were determined on promastigotes and amastigotes. Chemical structures of the isolated compound were as 1-Acetoxy-3,7-dimethyl-7-hydroxy-octa-2E,5E-dien-4-one for compound 1 and 5,7-dihydroxy-3 ′,4′,6-trimethoxyflavone (Eupatilin) for compound 2, and 5,7,3′-Trihydroxy-6,4′,5′-trimethoxyflavone for compound 3. Compound 2 w...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - February 13, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with brain tumors in Southern Iran: a case-control study
AbstractConsiderable evidence points to a dominant role of inflammation in tumor pathology. The biological response of the immune system can be triggered byToxoplasma gondii as a common brain-tropic parasite. The aim of this study was to investigate an association betweenToxoplasma infection and brain tumors. This case-control study was performed on sera of brain tumor patients (n = 124) and age- and sex-matched control subjects (n = 124) in Southern Iran. Data related to tumor site and type were collected during sample collection. Anti-Toxoplasma IgG was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sero...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - February 4, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Genetic manipulations in helminth parasites
AbstractScreening of vaccine or drug target in parasitic helminth is hindered by lack of robust tool for functional studies of parasite protein which account for the availability of only a few anti-helminthic vaccines, diagnostic assay and slower pace of development of an anthelmintic drug. With the piling up of parasite transcriptomic and genomic data, in silico screening for possible vaccine/drug target could be validated by functional characterization of proteins by RNA interference or CRISPR/Cas9. These reverse genetic engineering tools have opened up a better avenue and opportunity for screening parasitic proteins in ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - January 23, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Performance of PfHRP2-RDT for malaria diagnosis during the first year of life in a high malaria transmission area in Burkina Faso
In this study, we evaluated the performance of aP. falciparum Histidine Rich Protein 2 (PfHRP2)-based rapid diagnostic test (RDT) used for malaria case detection (SD-Bioline malaria RDT P.f®) along with light microscopy (LM) against qPCR among children during the first year of life in a high and seasonal malaria transmission area in Burkina Faso. A total of 723 suspected malaria cases (including multiple episodes) that occurred among 414 children participating in a birth-cohort study were included in the present analysis. Factors including age at the time of malaria screening, transmission season and parasite densities we...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - January 19, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Assessment of antioxidant enzymes during the development of the digenetic trematode parasite Gastrothylax crumenifer, infecting the rumen of Indian water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis
AbstractThe presence of antioxidant enzymes in helminth parasites is well known. These enzymes help the parasites to survive in their hosts by detoxifying host-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). The literature survey reveals that most of the studies related to antioxidant enzymes in helminth parasites are restricted to the adult stage while the larval stages are neglected. The present investigation is designed to evaluate the level of antioxidant enzymes in the adult and larval stages of rumen-infecting paramphistome parasites,Gastrothylax crumenifer. The larval stages include 0-day eggs, 4-day eggs, and eggs contain...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - January 18, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Transverse study of Eimeria spp. infection in broiler and layer chickens in central Kashmir
AbstractThe present study was carried out to isolate and identify various species ofEimeria and to study overall prevalence of coccidiosis in central Kashmir (Srinagar, Ganderbal and Budgam). A total of 45 outbreaks, 15 from each district, of coccidiosis in chicken were recorded over the period of two years. A total of 15, 15, 10 and 5 outbreaks were recorded in chicken of 2 –3, 3–4, 4–5 weeks of age and layers, respectively. The overall mortality in the flocks was 2.6%, with the highest mortality of 3.2% recorded in the age group of 3–4 weeks. An overall prevalence of coccidiosis among the total necropsies was 1...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - January 17, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
