Energy dispersive X-Ray microanalysis in conjunction with scanning electron micrography to establish nematodes as bioindicators in marine fish environment
AbstractEnergy Dispersive X-Ray Microanalysis has been used as the non-invasive technique on Indian helminthes to explore the role of nematode parasites as bioindicators in the marine ecosystem of Central West coast of India for the first time. The accumulation of sulphur and iron were analysed from a raphidascaridoid roundworm,Rostellascaris spinicaudatum (Malhotra and Anas) parasitizing marine catfish,Arius maculatus from the Central West coast of India at Goa. Quantitatively, the cuticle on oral armature comprised as much as ten times more sulphur than iron content in the roundworm under study. However, only carbon and ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - April 12, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Correction to: An outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major in an endemic focus in central Iran
(Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases)
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - April 5, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Immunological status of some edible fishes exposed to parasitic infections in relation to heavy metals pollution
In this study, six heavy metals (Pb, Fe, Cu, Ni, Cd, and Mn) have been measured in water, and muscles from mullet (Mugil cephalus), tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) collected from Lake Manzal, Egypt. In addition, the existence of different encysted metacercariae in fish muscle with an evaluation of cell-mediated immune response in infected muscles was also investigated. Water samples generally contained less than the permissible level of heavy metals. The metal accumulation levels in muscle w ere: Pb > Ni > Cd > Cu > Fe > Mn. The levels of ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 27, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Contrasting epidemiology of urogenital schistosomiasis among pastoral communities surrounding three Ramsar wetland in Nigeria
In this study, urine sampl es from 355 participants from pastoral communities settled around three Ramsar wetlands (Wetlands of International Importance) in Nigeria, (Dagona Sanctuary, Maladumba, and Pandam-Wase) were screened for the eggs ofSchistosoma haematobium. Only participants in the Dagona Sanctuary were infected with 34.2% prevalence. Macrohematuria was however observed in some individuals at the Dagona Sanctuary wetland (2.5%) and Maladumba (2.8%). Regular praziquantel administration, functional health care facilities and awareness about schistosomiasis were contributory factors to the contrasting epidemiology of...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 21, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Variations in active proteases of Blastocystis sp. obtained from water and animal isolates from the Philippines
This study aimed to identify the various proteases that may be present in different subtypes (STs) ofBlastocystis sp. using azocasein assay and gelatin zymography. In this study, cysteine, serine, aspartic protease, metalloproteases, and unknown proteases were identified inBlastocystis sp. cultures obtained from animal and water samples belonging to ST1 –ST5 and ST7. Azocasein assay and gelatin zymography were conducted on different batches of protease extracts, which showed varying results. Cysteine protease was the most commonly encountered. Protease activity in general is not associated with ST or source (animal or wa...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 17, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides infections among elementary school children and associated risk factors from Southern Ethiopia
AbstractIntestinal parasitic infections are distributed virtually throughout the world, with high prevalence rates in tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world as well as in Ethiopia. Children between age groups of 5 –10 years are at the highest risk of infection. The intestinal nematodeAscaris lumbricoides infects approximately 25% of the world ’s population annually. Hence, this study was the first attempt to assess the prevalence and associated factors ofA. lumbricoides infection among the school children from Offa district, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April, 2020 in three sele...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 15, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Digenetic Trematode parasites in two fresh water fishes Ophiocephalus punctatus and Xenentodon cancila from North west Himalayas
AbstractThe study was conducted during September 2018-August 2019 to study the digenetic trematode infection in fresh water fishes of some of the water bodies viz. Gho-manhasan, Chakrali and Chadwal of Jammu region of J&K union territory. A total of 220 fishes comprisingOphiocephalus punctatus andXenentodon cancila belonging to families Channidae and Belonidae respectively were examined. A total of 4 digenetic trematode parasites belonging to 4 different families i.e.,Euclinostomum heterostomum (Clinostomidae Luhe, 1901);Phyllodistomum tripathi (Gorgoderidae Looss, 1901);Genarchopsis piscicola (Hemiuridae, Luhe, 1901),...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 6, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Morphometry, molecular identification and histopathology of Passalurus ambiguus Rudolphi, 1819 in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in Qena, Upper Egypt
AbstractIn Egypt, domestic rabbits are commercially used for meat production. Adversely, gastrointestinal helminthiasis largely delays such concern.Passalurus ambiguus is a common intestinal nematode that infects rabbits causing intestinal disorders and death in severe infection. Therefore, domestic rabbits collected from several locations (poultry slaughter shops, rabbits farms, markets and public owners) in Qena, Upper Egypt.Passalurus ambiguus worms were detected in 90 out of 200 rabbits (45%). Grossly, they appeared as small white nodules in the appendix of the rabbits examined. Adult worms were described morphological...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 5, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
An outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major in an endemic focus in central Iran
AbstractZoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) caused byLeishmania major is an important endemic disease and a major public health concern in Iran. Following an outbreak of leishmaniasis in 2013 in one of the important foci in Iran, the researchers were prompted to determine the underlying causes of the epidemic.Adult sand flies were collected using sticky traps and aspirating tubes and infection withLeishmania parasites was evaluated. Also, rodents were captured using Sherman live traps and stray dogs were hunted and were tested for the presence of leishmanial infection. Active case detection was also conducted and data r...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 3, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Mitigation of Toxoplasma gondii-induced ileitis by Trichinellaspiralis infection pinpointing immunomodulation
AbstractThe current study sought to investigate the potential role ofTrichinellaspiralis infection in the treatment ofT. gondii-induced ileitis. Forty male Swiss albino mice were divided into four groups:a normal control group Igiven only phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), Group II givenPBS for 28 days then infected withT. gondii cysts for the induction of gastroenteritis, Group III infected only withT. spiralis larvae, and Group IV concurrently infected withT. spiralis larvae, then 28 days post infection, enteritis was induced by oral inoculation withT. gondii cysts. Histopathologicaland immunohistochemicalassessmentswe...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 3, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
In vitro anthelmintic activity of Dennettia tripetala G. Baker (Annonaceae) Fruits against Haemonchus contortus
This study was aimed to investigate the in vitro anthelmintic activity ofDennettia tripetala G. Baker (Annonaceae) fruits againstHaemonchus contortus. Using in vitro techniques, the anthelmintic activity of extracts and fractions ofD. tripetala G. Baker (Annonaceae) was evaluated for ovicidal (Egg hatch inhibition test) and larvicidal (larval mortality test) activity. Besides, the maximum tolerated dose was determined in adult albino rats administered, 300, 400, and 500 mg/kg body weight of the CME fraction, and observed over a period of 48 h for signs of toxicity and mortality. Phytochemical screening uncovered the occ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Influence of Blastocystis hominis on the small intestine and lactase enzyme activity
AbstractBlastocystis hominis is a cosmopolitan protozoan that has been associated with several gastrointestinal disturbances involving lactose intolerance. However, the underlying pathogenic factors remain indistinct. 20 Swiss albino mice were utilized and assembled into four groups, each of five mice: group-I: received neither infection nor lactose (healthy control), group-II: received a single dose of 10,000 cysts ofBlastocystis and lactose diets in a dose of 12.5 g/day/mouse for 7 consecutive days starting from day 14 p.i., group-III: non-infected mice with oral doses of lactose (12.5 g/day/mouse) for 7 consecutive d...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Detection of Entamoeba histolytica and bacterial etiological agents in patients with clinically suspected cases of liver abscesses
AbstractLiver abscess is one of the conditions having multiple etiological agents. It can be parasitic or can be due to bacterial among other causes.Entamoeba histolytica is one of the common protozoan parasites causing amoebic liver abscess. So, accurate diagnosis is important for proper management and treatment. We have tried to detect the various bacterial etiological agents along withEntamoeba histolytica using culture of bacteria and polymerase chain reaction forE. histolytica in suspected liver abscess cases. Liver aspirates/pus collected from 63 patients were subjected to bacterial gram staining and culture along ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium species in Njoro Sub County, Nakuru, Kenya
AbstractCryptosporidiumspp. cause cryptosporidiosis in humans through zoonotic and anthroponotic transmission. Previous studies illustrated the significance of domestic animals as reservoirs of this parasite.Cryptosporidium occurs in Njoro River; a main source of water to humans and animals. However, there is no information on theCryptosporidiumspp. and genotypes circulating in Njoro Sub County. A total of 2174 samples from humans, cattle, chickens, sheep and goats were assessed for the presence ofCryptosporidiumspp. Thirty-three positive samples were subsequently successfully sequenced and compared toCryptosporidium seque...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
The interaction of gut microbiota with parasitic protozoa
AbstractThe human intestinal microbiota is composed of a complex combination of microorganisms including bacteria, virus, and eukaryotes. The microbiota plays a critical role in homeostasis through creating a mucosal barrier, providing protective responses to pathogens, and affecting the immune system and metabolism of the host. Molecules secreted by parasites can alter composition of microbiota both by acting directly on the microbial community and indirectly by affecting the host physiology. On the other hand, the microbiota composition can affect the survival, physiology, and virulence of many parasitic protozoa. Explan...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
