Anti-helminthic effects and cellular mechanisms of Astragalus ecbatanus extract against Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces
AbstractWe aimed to investigate thein vitro andex vivo anti-helminthic effects ofAstragalus ecbatanus chloroform extract (AECE) as well as its cellular mechanisms againstEchinococcus granulosus protoscoleces.In vitro andex vivo anti-helminthic effects of AECE onE. granulosus protoscoleces were evaluated through eosin exclusion test. Effects of AECE on induction of the caspase-3 like activity, the permeability of plasma membrane were also determined. The effects of AECE against the human hepatocyte carcinoma (HepG2) and human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cells were determined by MTT ([3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyl...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - August 28, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Economic losses, morpho-molecular identification, and identity of Fasciola species recovered from Egypt
In conclusion, South Egypt showed the highest economic losses due to fascioliasis, especially Aswan province.Fasciola hepatica was more common thanF. gigantica, while the hybrid form was not detected. (Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases)
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - August 24, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Molecular detection and genotype identification of Acanthamoeba species from bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with pulmonary symptoms suspected of cancer
This study aimed to identify the FLA andAcanthamoeba genotypes in patients with pulmonary symptoms suspected of cancer in Kashan ’s hospitals, Kashan, Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 97 bronchoalveolar lavage samples of patients with respiratory symptoms suspected of lung cancer, who were admitted to the Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan from 2019 to 2020. The samples were cultured onto 1.5% non-nutrient agar enriched with killedEscherichia coli and examined for the presence of FLA. Following amoeba isolation and DNA extraction,Acanthamoeba spp. were determined by Polymerase Chain Reaction using JDP1 a...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - August 18, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Prevalence of Toxocara canis infection in dogs and Toxocara egg environmental contamination in Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines
This study examined the burden ofT. canis infection in dogs and egg contamination in school playgrounds and public parks in Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines. Fecalysis and egg detection in soils were performed to determine the parasite prevalence in dogs and the environment. In addition, pet owner ’s survey and GIS mapping were employed to identify the risk factors of infection and map the parasite distribution. Fecalysis revealed aT. canis prevalence of 64.44% (95% CI: 48.78 –78.13) at the barangay level and 17.96% (95% CI: 14.12–21.80) at the animal level. Rural areas showed a much higherT. canis prevalence than urb...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - August 9, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
An introduction to dynamic nucleoporins in Leishmania species: Novel targets for tropical-therapeutics
AbstractAs an ailment, leishmaniasis is still an incessant challenge in neglected tropical diseases and neglected infections of poverty worldwide. At present, the diagnosis and treatment to combatLeishmania tropical infections are not substantial remedies and require advanced& specific research. Therefore, there is a need for a potential novel target to overcome established medicament modalities ’ limitations in pathogenicity. In this review, we proposed a few ab initio findings in nucleoporins of nuclear pore complex inLeishmania sp. concerning other infectious protists. So, through structural analysis and dynamics ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - July 25, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
A new insight in immunomodulatory impact of botanicals in treating avian coccidiosis
AbstractAvian coccidiosis is caused by genusEimeria (E.) i.e.E. maxima, E. necatrix, E. tenella, E. acervulina, E. brunette andE. mitis and lead to three billion US dollar per year economic loss in poultry industry and reduces the growth performance of birds. To purge undesirable foreign agents, immune system produces a variety of molecules and cells that ultimately neutralize target particles in healthy organisms. However; when this particular system compromises, infection develops and the load of pathogens along with their virulence factors overcome both; innate and adaptive immune systems. Livestock and poultry sectors ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - July 23, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
In silico analysis of a Skp1 protein homolog from the human pathogen E. histolytica
In this study, we have presented the first comprehensive analysis of the presence of peptides or proteins in the human pathogenEntamoeba histolytica having homology to Skp1protein. The occurrence of other protein components of the SCF complex has been identified from protein –protein interaction network of EhSkp1A. Studying the role of Skp1protein in this pathogen would help to understand its unique chromosome segregation and cell division which are different from higher eukaryotes. Further, owing to the development of resistance over several drugs that are currently available, there is a growing need for a novel drug ag...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - July 23, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Apoptotic changes in the intestinal epithelium of Cryptosporidium-infected mice after silver nanoparticles treatment versus nitazoxanide
AbstractCryptosporidium has been identified as one of the prevalent opportunistic parasites that cause diarrhea, which may be persistent and fatal. Current chemotherapeutic agents, including nitazoxanide (NTZ), are frequently associated with therapeutic failure, and their roles in the induction of apoptosis in cryptosporidiosis remain to be a topic of debate. Thus, this study aimed to assess the apoptotic changes in cryptosporidiosis in immunocompetent (IC) and immunosuppressed (IS) mice after treatment with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and NTZ either alone or after loading. In total, 120 laboratory-bred Swiss albino mice ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - July 23, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Efficacy of clinically used anthelmintics against toxocariasis of buffalo calves in Bangladesh
The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of clinically used anthelmintics and their subsequent effect on the haematological parameters and body weight in buffalo calves in commercial buffalo farms in coastal region. Thirty- two buffalo calves below 3 months of age with clinicalToxocara infection had been selected and treated with albendazole (ABZ), levamisole (LVM) and ivermectin (IVM). The EPG counts, hematological parameters and initial body weight of buffalo calves were recorded on the day of anthelmintic treatment (day 0). Fecal samples were collected on day 14 and 28 including hematological parameters ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - July 19, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Prevalence and risk factors of canine leishmaniasis in Morocco: a systematic review and meta-analysis
This study aims to assess the status of CL in Morocco and its risk factors through an exhaustive literature search. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4. The main results showed that the overall prevalence of CL in Morocco is 17% (95% CI: 0.12 –0.22), caused by two strains ofLeishmania parasite:Leishmania tropica andL. infantum. According to the region, the maximum prevalence was reported in the coastal provinces and in the central part of the country; while, the CL risk was higher in rural area (18% [95% CI: 0.14 –0.23]) and at altitude above 1000 m (23% [95% CI: − 0.08–0.53]). Regarding the intrins...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - July 18, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Nitric oxide in parasitic infections: a friend or foe?
AbstractThe complex interaction between the host and the parasite remains a puzzling question. Control of parasitic infections requires an efficient immune response that must be balanced against destructive pathological consequences. Nitric oxide is a nitrogenous free radical which has many molecular targets and serves diverse functions. Apart from being a signaling messenger, nitric oxide is critical for controlling numerous infections. There is still controversy surrounding the exact role of nitric oxide in the immune response against different parasitic species. It proved protective against intracellular protozoa, as we...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - July 18, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
A rare case of hydatid cyst of the neck with concurrent pulmonary hydatid disease
AbstractEchinococcosis, commonly known as hydatid disease, is a zoonotic infection caused by dog tapewormEchinococcus granulosus. Hydatid disease of the head and neck region is scarcely reported even in endemic areas. We herein report a case with with neck swelling and respiratory symptoms subsequently diagnosed to have disseminated echinococcosis of the neck and left lung. (Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases)
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - July 12, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Histopathological and immunological study of rats liver hydatid cysts isolated from human, sheep, goat and cows
This study aimed to look into pathogenic changes in the livers of the rats that experimentally infected with hydatid cysts. These hydatid cysts were isolated from naturally infected humans, sheep, goats and cows. Liver hydatid cysts were collected from the main abattoir of Al-Muthanna province while human hydatid cysts were collected from Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital in Al-Muthanna province. The hydatid cysts were grossly and histology examined for inspection of hydatid cysts. The in vivo experiments were done by injection of hydatid protoscoleces or sand (fluid) in rats intraperitoneally. The results showed that the gross...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - July 8, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Cytotoxic screening and in vitro effect of sodium chlorite against Leishmania major promastigotes
AbstractCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the most important parasitic diseases in the world. Despite the existence of many therapeutic strategies, the treatment of this infection still faces problems. Sodium chlorite as an antimicrobial agent has been shown to have acceptable tissue regenerative and wound healing properties. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the in vitro effects of different concentrations of sodium chlorite onLeishmania major promastigotes and macrophage cells. The inhibitory and toxicity effect of various concentrations (0.0035, − 1.8 mg/ml) of sodium chlorite on the standard Irania...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - July 5, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Diagnosis and control of cryptosporidiosis in farm animals
In conclusion, accurate diagnosis using advanced techniques is the key to the control and prevention of cryptosporidiosis. (Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases)
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - July 4, 2022 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
