Morphological and molecular detection of myxosporean parasites in freshwater fish in Myanmar
In this study, morphological study revealed that fiveMyxobolus spp. (Myxobolus sp. 1, 4 –6, and 9) and twoThelohanellus spp. (Thelohanellus sp. 1 and 2) were found to be infected in the gills (gill filaments) and kidneys, fourMyxobolus spp. (Myxobolus sp. 2, 3, 7 and 8) were infected in the gills and oneMyxobolus sp. (Myxobolus sp. 10) was infected in the kidneys of four studied fish species. Among them, three sequences (LC510617, LC510618 and LC510619) were isolated from detected parasites. The obtained sequences were similar (88.1 –98.8%) to those derived from myxosporean parasites deposited in GenBank. This is the f...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 29, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Myxozoan fish diseases: possible treatment and zoonoses
AbstractMyxozoan parasites pose huge threat to wild and cultured fishes and reported to cause heavy mortality, retarded growth and post-harvest quality degradation. It is one of the highly divergent groups of parasites which infects skin, gill, muscle, cartilage and internal organs of host fish and the severity of pathology varies depending on the water temperature, species of fish, site of tissue infection and immune resistance of the individual host. Most infections are difficult to treat, as they can easily evade host cellular and humoral defence mechanisms by proliferating or migrating through immune compromised sites ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 27, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
The potential therapeutic effect of Nigella sativa and Zingiber officinale extracts versus Nitazoxanide drug against experimentally induced cryptosporidiosis in laboratory mice
In this study, the potential anti-cryptosporidial effect ofNigella sativa (black seeds) andZingiber officinale (ginger) alcoholic extracts versus Nitazoxanide (NTZ) medication was investigated in immunosuppressed (IS) laboratory mice. Parasitological, histopathological studies were used to assess their therapeutic efficacy. Serum level and tissue expression percentage of IFN- γ was also used. Nigella extract succeeded to reduce the mean oocyst counts in the feces of immunosuppressed mice followed by NTZ. Ginger-treated ones showed the lowest reduction percentage.Nigella sativa showed the best results in terms of restoring...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 25, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Type-1 diabetes mellitus down-regulated local cerebral glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in experimental toxoplasmosis
AbstractCerebral toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection, occurring mostly in immunosuppressed patients due to the reactivation of latentToxoplasma cysts. The cerebral comorbidity in diabetic patients tends to intensify the burden of pathogenic infection within the brain. The aim of this work was to study the effect of cerebral toxoplasmosis in experimentally infected hyperglycemic mice, on histopathology and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression, compared to normoglycemic mice at different time intervals. Vasculopathy was exclusively observed in diabetic groups, with features of increased severity duringTo...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 18, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Prevalence of taeniosis in pig farming community in Andhra Pradesh, India
AbstractTaeniosis is one of the neglected zoonoses in India. Facts on taeniosis, compared to cysticercosis are scanty in India. Hence, this study is aimed to determine the occurrence of taeniosis in human beings in Andhra Pradesh, India. A total of 1380 stool samples were collected from people associated with pig farming and or had the habit of pork eating in certain districts (n = 7) of Andhra Pradesh. Prevalence of human taeniosis was determined using microscopic examination of stool samples and proglottds. The overall prevalence of taeniosis was found to be 0.79%. Morphology of gravid segments revealed lower number...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 14, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
In vitro efficacy of plumbagin and thymol against Theileria annulata
AbstractPhytochemical compounds, plumbagin and thymol were evaluated for their efficacy againstTheileria annulata using MTT cell viability assay. Plumbagin and thymol were found to be effective in preventing the proliferation ofTheileria annulata infected bovine lymphocytes. The IC50 values of plumbagin and thymol were 0.019 µM and 0.009 µM, respectively. Plumbagin and thymol were found to be non-cytotoxic to the bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, both the compounds were found to have inhibitory effect on vero cell proliferation. Plumbagin had primarily anti-theilerial activity but thymol had prima ri...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Prevalence and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii strains isolated from 31 wild Passeriformes collected in North-Central Oklahoma
AbstractPasserine birds are widely distributed and adapted to various habitats, therefore they are commonly exposed to, and infected withToxoplasma gondii. The purpose of our project was to determine the prevalence and genotypes ofT. gondii in 31 different species of passerines collected as mortalities due to window collisions in North-Central Oklahoma. DNA was extracted from breast tissue and subjected to PCR with primers that amplify a portion of theT. gondii B1 gene. Genotyping was based on a portion of the infected birds based on a multiplex PCR followed by RFLP of 12T. gondii markers. Of 103 birds comprising 31 specie...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Toxocariasis: potential association with bronchial asthma, and pneumonia among pediatric children
AbstractToxocariasis is an underestimated geohelminthic infection which shows respiratory changes concurrent with larval migration. The purpose of the present study was to detectToxocara seropositivity in asthmatic and pneumonic children, and in turn to evaluate its association with the children clinical manifestations, laboratory test results, and sociodemographic risk factors. A total of 50 asthmatic, 50 pneumonic children and 50 healthy controls were subjected to stool analysis by direct wet mount and concentration techniques to exclude possible cross reactivity. Blood samples were collected for complete blood count and...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Comparative study between chemical anticoccidial medication and natural prepared products on experimentally infected broiler chickens
This study was conducted in order to compare well established used chemical anticoccidial medication (diclazuril) against natural prepared safe alternative products of garlic extract (GE),Moringa oleifera (MO) leaves extract, onion extract (OE), in order to control experimentally infected withEimeria tenella species in chickens. Performance parameter in form of average body weight (ABW) and feed conversion rate (FCR) were studied together with biochemical parameters (malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), mortality rate, oocyst count in addition to total white blood cell (WBCs), lymphocytes a...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Phylogenetic relationship of nonmammalian and avian Blastocystis isolates and conventional subtypes
AbstractBlastocystis is an intestinal protist commonly identified in human and animal feces. At present, there are 28 proposed subtypes (STs) identified based on the small subunit rRNA gene, 13 of which are found in both humans and animals. In general, nonmammalian and avian groups are infected by the nonmammalian and avian subtypes (NMASTs). However, NMASTs were also isolated from mammalian hosts, suggesting possible cross-contamination and transmission from nonmammalian and avian hosts to other animals and, potentially, humans. Thus, this study determined the possible relationship between NMAST sequences and conventional...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Epidemiological and diagnostic investigation on bovine theileriosis in Aswan Governorate, Egypt
AbstractThe present study was carried out to investigate the epidemiological and clinical status of bovine Theileriosis in Aswan governorate. During a 2-year study, 265 cattle were clinically suspected upon careful clinical examination asTheileria annulata (T. annulata) infected animals. Conventional diagnosis based on blood and lymph smears examinations showed that, the prevalence of Tropical Theileriosis in cattle in Aswan governorate was 56 (21.13%). Stained blood smears showed the presence of macro and/or micro-schizonts inside lymphocyte (Koch ’s blue bodies. Intraerythrocytic stages ofTheileria annulata piroplasms ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Parasitic infections as potential risk factors for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children
AbstractAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) represents a mysterious neuropsychiatric alarming concern due to indefinite etiopathogenesis among children. Notably, the studies which investigated the correlation between ADHD and parasitic infections are insufficient. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the correlation between ADHD and some tissue dwelling and intestinal parasitic infections in children. The study was conducted on 200 children, including 100 children suffering from ADHD (Group I) and 100 healthy children as a control group (Group II). All caregivers fulfilled predesigned sociodemographic form ...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Bovine cerebral theileriosis: first molecular report in cross bred cattle calf in India
AbstractBovine tropical theileriosis caused byTheileria annulata, is a serious constraint to Indian dairy industry with more fatal infections in exotic cattle and substantial losses to cross-bred and indigenous zebu cattle. The present communication is to place on record the first report of molecular based confirmed case of cerebral theileriosis caused byT. annulata coupled with its morphological detection, clinical manifestations, haematological alterations and therapeutic management in a cross bred cattle calf from India. After preparation of peripheral thin blood smear from cross bred cattle calf at the site of collecti...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Molecular epidemiology and associated risk factors of oral cavity parasites in hemodialysis patients in western Iran
AbstractRenal disorders are able to make patients more susceptible to infections, including those caused oral cavity infections. Today, it has been proven that during end stage renal failure, hemodialysis results in acquired immune response defects through failings of humoral and cell-mediated immune. This survey was intended to assess the molecular epidemiology and associated risk factors ofEntamoeba gingivalis andTrichomonas tenax as the main oral cavity protozoa in hemodialysis patients in Lorestan Province, western Iran. The investigation was performed on 73 hemodialysis patients referring to hemodialysis centers of Lo...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
The potential effect of silver nanoparticles synthesized with Coffea arabica green seeds on Leishmania major proliferation, cytotoxicity activity, and cytokines expression level
AbstractThe goal of this study was to analyze the antileishmanial and antibacterial activity ofCoffea arabica green seed biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (C. arabica AgNPs), as well as cytotoxicity and cytokine gene expression. UV –vis spectroscopy, FTIR, and FESEM methods used to examine theC. arabica AgNPs. MTT test was used to assess the antileishmanial and cytotoxicity effects. The gene expression level was assessed in NPs-treated J774 cells by qPCR. The synthesizedC. arabica AgNPs were in the size range of 20 –70 nm, through FESEM pictures. The IC50 values of the NPs were 65. 4 and 47.70 μg/mL against promas...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2023 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
