Disadvantage and disordered eating in boys: Examining phenotypic and genotype × environment associations across development.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(1), Jan 2023, 51-62; doi:10.1037/abn0000791Socioeconomic disadvantage may be a significant risk factor for disordered eating, particularly for individuals with underlying genetic risk. However, little to nothing is known about the impact of disadvantage on disordered eating in boys during the critical developmental risk period. Crucially, risk models developed for girls may not necessarily apply to boys, as boys show different developmental patterns of disordered eating risk (i.e., earlier activation of genetic influences during adrenarche, an early stage of puberty)...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - January 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Neural correlates of mindful disengagement from worry.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(1), Jan 2023, 38-50; doi:10.1037/abn0000804Uncontrollable worry is a hallmark of generalized anxiety disorder and a transdiagnostic feature of psychopathology. Mindfulness-based strategies show promise for treating worry, but it is unknown which specific strategies are most beneficial, and how these skills might operate on a neurobiological level. We recruited 40 participants with clinically significant worry to undergo functional magnetic resonance imaging while engaging in real-time, idiographic worry and instructed disengagement using two mindfulness strategies (f...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - January 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Trajectories of depression for Latino immigrant adolescents: The influence of individual, family, and sociocultural factors.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(1), Jan 2023, 1-12; doi:10.1037/abn0000798Latino immigrant adolescents represent a high-risk group for developing depression. Such risk for depression becomes more salient in emerging destination contexts (e.g., Oregon) where immigrant youth face considerably more stressors compared to traditional contexts (e.g., Texas, New York, and California). However, no study to date has considered how depression unfolds over time among Latino immigrant youth in emerging contexts. Using data from a three-wave prospective longitudinal design across 3 years, we employed latent gro...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - January 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Affective dynamics in daily life are differentially expressed in positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(1), Jan 2023, 110-121; doi:10.1037/abn0000799Schizotypy and schizophrenia are associated with disruptions in the experience of affect. Temporal patterns of affect, or affective dynamics, offer unique information about the expression of multidimensional schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology. The present study employed experience sampling methodology to examine affective intensity, inertia, variability, reactivity, and instability in positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy in nonclinically ascertained young adults (n = 275). As hypothesized, disorganized schiz...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - December 22, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Pain as a causal motivator of alcohol consumption: Associations with gender and race.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(1), Jan 2023, 101-109; doi:10.1037/abn0000792Despite accumulating evidence indicating reciprocal interrelations between pain and alcohol consumption, no prior work has examined pain as a proximal antecedent of drinking. The goal of the current study was to test the effects of experimental pain induction on ad-lib alcohol consumption among moderate-to-heavy drinkers without chronic pain (N = 237; 42% female; 37% Black; M = 3.26daily drinks). Participants were randomized to either pain-induction (capsaicin + thermal heat paradigm) or no-pain-control conditions. Experim...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - December 8, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Difficulties with emotion regulation and weight/shape concerns as predictors of eating disorder behaviors among adolescents.
Conclusions. Findings suggest that difficulties with emotion regulation are a distinct factor in the occurrence of some eating disorder behaviors among adolescents. Exploratory findings further suggest that difficulties with emotion regulation appear to be particularly involved in the persistence of these behaviors in adolescents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology)
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - December 8, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Evaluating resilience in response to COVID-19 pandemic stressors among veteran mental health outpatients.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(1), Jan 2023, 26-37; doi:10.1037/abn0000789There is a public health need to understand mental health vulnerabilities to COVID-19 pandemic-related stressors and promote resilience among high-risk populations with preexisting psychiatric conditions. Recent cross-sectional studies suggest increases in mental health distress (e.g., depression and anxiety) during the pandemic. The present study expands upon these emerging findings using longitudinal latent modeling and hierarchical linear regressions. Consistent with the developmental psychopathology literature on resilie...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Increased insula and amygdala activity during selective attention for negatively valenced body parts in binge eating disorder.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(1), Jan 2023, 63-77; doi:10.1037/abn0000788Previous studies indicate that participants with eating disorders show an attentional bias for the negatively valenced body parts of their own body. However, the neural basis underlying these processes has not been investigated. We conducted a preregistered combined functional MRI (fMRI)/eye tracking study and presented 35 women with binge eating disorder (BED) and 24 weight-matched control subjects (CG) with body part images of their own body and a weight-matched unknown body. After the fMRI examination, participants rated ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - November 28, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
A clinical PREMISE for personalized models: Toward a formal integration of case formulations and statistical networks.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 131(8), Nov 2022, 906-916; doi:10.1037/abn0000779Over the past decade, the idiographic approach has received significant attention in clinical psychology, incentivizing the development of novel approaches to estimate statistical models, such as personalized networks. Although the notion of such networks aligns well with the way clinicians think and reason, there are currently several barriers to implementation that limit their clinical utility. To address these issues, we introduce the Prior Elicitation Module for Idiographic System Estimation (PREMISE), a novel approach...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - November 3, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Gamma-band entrainment abnormalities in schizophrenia: Modality-specific or cortex-wide impairment?
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 131(8), Nov 2022, 895-905; doi:10.1037/abn0000778A growing body of literature suggests that cognitive impairment in people with schizophrenia (PSZ) results from disrupted cortical excitatory/inhibitory (E-I) balance, which may be linked to gamma entrainment and can be measured noninvasively using electroencephalography (EEG). However, it is not yet known the degree to which these entrainment abnormalities covary within subjects across sensory modalities. Furthermore, the degree to which cross-modal gamma entrainment reflects variation in biological processes associated w...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - November 3, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
A critical period for pandemic adaptation: The evolution of depressive symptomatology in a representative sample of adults across a 17-month period during COVID-19.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 131(8), Nov 2022, 881-894; doi:10.1037/abn0000786This 17-month longitudinal study on a representative sample of 4,361 Norwegian adults employs an observational ABAB design across 6 repeated assessments and 3 pandemic waves to systematically investigate the evolution of depressive symptomatology across all modifications of social distancing protocols (SDPs) from their onset to termination. Using Latent Change Score Models to analyze 26,166 observations, the study empirically corroborates that critical fluctuations in depressive symptomatology within and across individuals...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - November 3, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Fluctuations in and associations between physical and psychological distance to suicide methods, fearlessness about death, and suicidal intent.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 131(8), Nov 2022, 868-880; doi:10.1037/abn0000783Previous evidence has highlighted the potential roles of both physical and psychological distance to suicide methods as an important factor in conferring suicide risk; however, less is known about the temporal stability of and associations between these constructs, other facets of capability for suicide, and suicide-related outcomes. The present study examined fluctuations in and associations between physical and psychological distance to suicide methods, fearlessness about death, and suicidal intent using ecological momen...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - November 3, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
A broad internalizing dimension accounts for the genetic associations between personality and individual internalizing disorders.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 131(8), Nov 2022, 857-867; doi:10.1037/abn0000782Much research has demonstrated that psychopathology can be described in terms of broad dimensions, representing liability for multiple psychiatric disorders. Broad spectra of psychopathology (e.g., internalizing and externalizing) are increasingly used as targets for research investigating the development, etiology, and course of psychopathology because they account for patterns of relatedness among disorders that were once presumed distinct. Thus, these spectra represent alluring targets due to their comprehensive and par...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - November 3, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Meta-analytic tests of measurement invariance of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology across common methodological characteristics.
In this study, we addressed this issue by testing whether and how methodological features affect the empirical structure of psychopathology using meta-analytic measurement invariance models of Internalizing and Externalizing across multiple sample characteristics. Published studies estimating factor analytic models from Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) diagnoses were screened. A total of 47 samples (N = 118,966) were included in the meta-analysis. Data were pooled into meta-analytic correlation matrices using random effects models that accounted for sampling variability. Multigroup confirmatory f...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - November 3, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Genetic variance in conscientiousness relates to youth psychopathology beyond executive functions.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 131(8), Nov 2022, 830-846; doi:10.1037/abn0000781Because deficits in self-regulation (SR) are core features of many diverse psychological disorders, SR may constitute one of many dimensions that underlie shared variance across diagnostic boundaries (e.g., the p factor, a dimension reflecting shared variance across multiple psychological disorders). SR definitions encompass constructs mapping onto different theoretical traditions and different measurement approaches, however. Two SR operationalizations, executive functioning and conscientiousness, are often used interchan...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - November 3, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
