Examining the role of craving in affect regulation models of binge eating: Evidence from an ecological momentary assessment study.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(6), Aug 2023, 725-732; doi:10.1037/abn0000839Affect regulation models hypothesize that aversive affective states drive binge-eating behavior, which serves to regulate unpleasant emotions. Research using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) demonstrates that increases in guilt most strongly predict subsequent binge-eating episodes, raising the question: why would individuals with binge-eating pathology engage in a binge-eating episode when they feel guilty? Food craving is a robust predictor of binge eating and is commonly associated with subsequent feelings of guilt...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - June 12, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Sensory processing in Sotos syndrome and Tatton-Brown–Rahman Syndrome.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(6), Aug 2023, 768-778; doi:10.1037/abn0000837Sotos syndrome (Sotos) and Tatton-Brown–Rahman Syndrome (TBRS) are two of the most common overgrowth disorders associated with intellectual disability. Individuals with these syndromes tend to have similar cognitive profiles and high likelihood of autism symptomatology. However, whether and how sensory processing is affected is currently unknown. Parents/caregivers of 36 children with Sotos and 20 children with TBRS completed the Child Sensory Profile-2 (CSP-2) and the Sensory Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) along with othe...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - June 8, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Preonset predictors of chronic–intermittent depression from early adolescence to early adulthood.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(6), Aug 2023, 694-703; doi:10.1037/abn0000826Individuals with prolonged or frequent episodes account for a disproportionate share of the burden of depression. However, there are surprisingly few data on whether individuals at risk for developing chronic–intermittent depression (CID) as opposed to briefer, infrequent depressive episodes (time-limited depression [TLD]) can be distinguished before their first depressive episode. We followed a community sample of 465 never-depressed females on five occasions from age 14 to 20 years and examined whether 18 preonset clin...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - June 5, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Choosing to avoid the positive? Emotion regulation strategy choice in depression.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(6), Aug 2023, 669-680; doi:10.1037/abn0000835Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) are more likely than nondepressed individuals to use emotion regulation strategies that decrease pleasant emotions (e.g., distraction from positive stimuli) and increase unpleasant emotions (e.g., negative rumination). If such strategies are actively chosen, these choices may partly reflect weaker motivation for pleasant emotions or stronger motivation for unpleasant emotions. Therefore, this investigation tested, for the first time, whether such strategies are actively chos...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - June 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Personality predicts pre-COVID-19 to COVID-19 trajectories of transdiagnostic anxiety and depression symptoms.
This study aimed to characterize within-person pre-COVID-19 and coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) transdiagnostic anxiety and depression symptom trajectories in emerging adults and determine the roles of neuroticism and behavioral activation in predicting these COVID-19-related changes. We recruited a sample of 342 emerging adults (aged 18–19 at baseline) who were screened on neuroticism and behavioral activation and completed symptom questionnaires on multiple occasions before and after the start of the pandemic. We examined estimates of the symptom factors of General Distress, Anhedonia-Apprehension, and Fears at each wa...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - June 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Testing the minority stress model across gender identity, race, and ethnicity among U.S. gender minority adolescents.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(5), Jul 2023, 542-554; doi:10.1037/abn0000834Gender minority (GM) youth are at heightened risk for psychopathology, purportedly due to their experiences of GM stressors. However, few studies have examined how GM stressors are associated with depression and anxiety among GM youth. Furthermore, no prior studies have investigated how experiences of GM stressors differ across gender identity and race/ethnicity within a diverse sample of GM youth. A nationwide online cross-sectional survey of 1,943 fourteen- to 18-year-old GM adolescents (66.91% White, 11.73% multiracial,...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - June 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Social problem-solving and suicidal behavior in adolescent girls: A prospective examination of proximal and distal social stress-related risk factors.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(5), Jul 2023, 610-620; doi:10.1037/abn0000836Adverse social experiences are often linked to suicidal behavior in adolescence, perhaps particularly for girls. Social problem-solving abilities may indicate more or less adaptive responses to adverse social experiences that contribute to adolescent girls’ risk for suicidal behavior. While social problem-solving is implicated in cognitive and behavioral theories of suicidal behavior, prior work is largely cross-sectional and examines bivariate associations between social problem-solving, assessed in neutral conditions, ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - May 25, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Everyday emotion regulation goals, motives, and strategies in current and remitted major depressive disorder: An experience sampling study.
We examined ER strategy use and other aspects of ER—desired emotional states (emotion goals) and reasons for ER (ER motives)—in current and remitted MDD. In a 2-week experience sampling study, adults with current MDD (n = 48), remitted MDD (n = 80), and healthy controls (n = 87) reported their negative affect (NA) and positive affect (PA), emotion goals (frequency, direction), ER motives (hedonic, instrumental), and ER strategy use (social sharing, acceptance, savoring, reappraisal, suppression, distraction). Multilevel modeling and Bayes factors were used to assess differences and similarities across groups. Compared ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - May 18, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Coexpression of anticipatory and consummatory volitional deficits in schizophrenia and their association with memory impairment.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(4), May 2023, 499-513; doi:10.1037/abn0000809Avolition in schizophrenia has been attributed to the decoupling between emotion and motivation rather than an inability to perceive or distinguish emotions. Hence, goal-directed behavior incentivized by positive or negative reinforcement becomes impoverished and dull. It is further suggested that goal-directed actions directed at future outcomes (anticipatory or representational response) are preferentially affected, as opposed to actions directed to the current state of affairs (consummatory or evoked response). Attempts...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - May 4, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Top-down and bottom-up contributions to memory performance in OCD: A multilevel meta-analysis with clinical implications.
In conclusion, our meta-analysis has expanded understanding of cognitive performance in OCD and identifies the possibility of untapped cognitive targets for intervention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology)
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - May 4, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Suicide-relevant information processing in unipolar and bipolar depression: An eye-tracking study.
In this study, we integrated eye-tracking dynamics of suicide-related attentional biases with self-report measures to test their model. A free-viewing eye-tracking paradigm, which simultaneously presented four images with different valences (suicide-related, negative, positive, neutral), was examined in 76 SAs with unipolar or bipolar depression, 66 nonsuicidal depressive participants (ND), and 105 healthy never-depressed healthy control participants (HC). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used for the theory testing. SA gazed more at suicide-relevant stimuli throughout the 25-s trial compared with ND. SA and ND initi...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - May 4, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Theories of psychopathology: Potential to promote clinical science, empowerment, and justice.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(3), Apr 2023, 330-339; doi:10.1037/abn0000827This invited commentary evaluates eight target articles that offer ambitious theoretical frameworks intended to advance psychopathology research. We discuss their consideration of the perspectives and priorities of treatment-seekers, including respect for and promotion of individuals' agency and self-determination; their positioning of individuals within dynamic social systems and their consideration of interventions beyond the individual level; their assumptions and proposals about the relationship between psychological a...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - May 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Heterotypic patterns, psychopathology beyond symptomatology, and the legacy constructs of the DSM-ICD.
This article extends the ideas expressed in a special section on theories of psychopathology by expounding on heterotypic patterns in which different arrangements of symptoms appear over time. With heterotypic continuity, the different arrangements are somewhat predictable; with discontinuity, they are not. Among the reasons the articles in the special section give for heterotypic patterns are the lack of central controllers for producing symptom clusters, the importance of transdiagnostic factors, and the dynamics of gene-environment correlations. The articles also consider what more there is to psychopathology than sympt...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - May 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Complexity theory of psychopathology.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(3), Apr 2023, 314-323; doi:10.1037/abn0000740There is a renewed interest for complex adaptive system approaches that can account for the inherently complex and dynamic nature of psychopathology. Yet a theory of psychopathology grounded in the principles of complex adaptive systems is lacking. Here, we present such a theory based on the notion of dynamic patterns: patterns that are formed over time. We propose that psychopathology can be understood as a dynamic pattern that emerges from self-organized interactions between interdependent biopsychosocial processes in a ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - May 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Considerations toward an epigenetic and common pathways theory of mental disorder.
This article begins by identifying key principles and clarifying key terms necessary to mental disorder theory. It then ventures a sketch of a model that highlights epigenetic dynamics and proposes a common pathways hypothesis toward psychopathology. An epigenetic perspective elevates the importance of developmental context and adaptive systems, particularly in early life, while opening the door to new mechanistic discovery. The key proposal is that a finite number of homeostatic biological and psychological mechanisms are shared across most risky environments (and possibly many genetic liabilities) for psychopathology. Pe...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - May 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
