Toward greater specificity in the nonspecific: Estimating the prevalence of diagnostic irritability and sleep symptoms in adolescents.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(7), Oct 2023, 820-832; doi:10.1037/abn0000870The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) descriptive criterial approach to diagnosis has been criticized for contributing to comorbidity, heterogeneity within conditions, and nonspecificity across conditions. Much research has examined comorbidity and heterogeneity, but less is known about nonspecificity. Here, we examined two nonspecific symptoms: irritability and sleep disturbance. Both are common, clinically significant, and appear in several DSM disorder criteria sets, but their transdiagnostic p...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - October 16, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The best of both worlds? General principles of psychopathology in personalized assessment.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(7), Oct 2023, 808-819; doi:10.1037/abn0000858A complex systems approach to psychopathology proposes that general principles lie in the dynamic patterns of psychopathology, which are not restricted to specific psychological processes like symptoms or affect. Hence, it must be possible to find general change profiles in time series data of fully personalized questionnaires. In the current study, we examined general change profiles in personalized self-ratings and related these to four measures of treatment outcome (International Symptom Rating, 21-item Depression Anxie...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - October 16, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Anxious arousal predicts within-person changes in hippocampal volume in adults with a history of childhood maltreatment: A CAN-BIND4 report.
This study included 80 community-recruited adults (ages 18–66 years, 61.3% women) oversampled for a lifetime history of internalizing psychopathology. At baseline and a naturalistic 6-month follow-up, the symptom dimensions of the tripartite model (anxious arousal, anhedonic depression, and general distress) were assessed by self-report. Hippocampal volume was derived through T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scanning segmented via the volBrain HIPS pipeline. CM severity was determined via a semistructured, contextual interview with independent ratings. We found that higher levels of anxious arousal predicted decrea...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - October 16, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Studying fine-grained elements of psychopathology to advance mental health science.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(7), Oct 2023, 793-796; doi:10.1037/abn0000872Given the now well-recognized limitations of traditional classification systems for research, this editorial proposes to advance mental health science by focusing research efforts on studying fine-grained elements of mental health and illness such as symptoms, mechanisms, and processes. Our own perspectives are informed by three approaches in particular that have gained traction over the last decade: the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology, the network or systems approach, and the National Institute of Mental Health R...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - October 16, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Clinical high risk for psychosis syndrome is associated with reduced neural responding to unpleasant images.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(8), Nov 2023, 1060-1071; doi:10.1037/abn0000862Deficits in emotion processing are core features of psychotic disorders. Electrophysiology research in schizophrenia suggests deficits in sustained engagement with emotional content (indexed by the late positive potential [LPP]) may contribute to emotion processing impairments. Despite similar behavioral emotion processing dysfunction in those at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis, limited research has examined neural mechanisms of impaired emotion processing in the high-risk period, where research can inform risk mo...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - October 5, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Maternal aggressive behavior in interactions with adolescent offspring: Proximal social–cognitive predictors in depressed and nondepressed mothers.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(8), Nov 2023, 1019-1030; doi:10.1037/abn0000854Maternal depressive symptoms are associated with elevations in harsh parenting behavior, including criticism, negative affect, and hostile or coercive behavior, and these behaviors contribute to associations between maternal depressive symptomatology and child functioning. We used multilevel survival analysis to examine social–cognitive processes as proximal predictors of the onset and offset of maternal aggressive behavior during interactions with their adolescent children. Low-income women (N = 180) were selected for...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - October 5, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Neurobiological metric of cortical delay discounting differentiates risk for self- and other-directed violence among trauma-exposed individuals.
This study examined a novel neurobiological measure of impulsive choice for reward as a potential moderator of associations between childhood trauma exposure and lifetime SDV/ODV. A high-risk community sample of 177 adults (89 men; 50.3%) were assessed for childhood trauma exposure, engagement in SDV (e.g., suicide attempts), and ODV (e.g., assault). A cortical delay discounting (C-DD) measure was created using a multivariate additive model of gray matter thickness across both hemispheres, previously found to be positively associated with susceptibility to impulsivity and externalizing disorders. Childhood trauma exposure ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - September 7, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Deconstructing emotion regulation in schizophrenia: The nature of abnormalities at the selection and implementation stages.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(7), Oct 2023, 908-920; doi:10.1037/abn0000852Difficulties with emotion regulation are observed across psychiatric diagnoses, including psychotic disorders. Past studies using trait self-report indicate that people with schizophrenia (SZ) are less likely to use adaptive emotion regulation strategies and more likely to use maladaptive emotion regulation strategies than controls (CN). However, more recent evidence using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) indicates that regulation effectiveness and adaptiveness may vary across strategies. The present study aimed to sy...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - September 4, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Within-person prospective associations between disordered eating, appearance dissatisfaction, and depressive symptoms from adolescence to midlife: A 28-year longitudinal population-based study.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(8), Nov 2023, 1031-1042; doi:10.1037/abn0000860Appearance dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms are considered key risk factors of disordered eating. However, their etiological status is equivocal; previous longitudinal studies have not accounted for time-invariant confounding effects and have not considered potential reverse temporal influences. In addition, whether associations differ between developmental periods and genders has remained untested. To address these issues, we employed a nationwide sample of Norwegian adolescents (N = 2,933; Mage = 15.4 years, 54....
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - August 24, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Pain before, during, and after nonsuicidal self-injury: Findings from a large web study.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(8), Nov 2023, 984-995; doi:10.1037/abn0000853Competing models suggest that physical pain may play an important role in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) via pain onset or pain offset, or that pain may be absent (analgesia). Few studies have tested these models in the same sample or examined factors that could explain differences in NSSI pain experience. We assessed 1,630 individuals with NSSI histories in an online survey. We descriptively examined pain during NSSI and tested preregistered hypotheses that NSSI frequency, NSSI severity, borderline personality disorder (B...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - August 21, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Biased cognitive control of emotional information in remitted depression: A meta-analytic review.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(8), Nov 2023, 921-936; doi:10.1037/abn0000848Cognitive theories of depression posit that maladaptive information processing increases the risk for depression recurrence. There is increasing theoretical and empirical support for the cognitive control of emotional information as a vulnerability factor for depression recurrence. In this investigation, findings from behavioral studies that compared the cognitive control of emotional information between participants with remitted major depressive disorder (rMDD) and healthy control (HC) participants were examined. Respons...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - August 21, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Do early symptoms of prolonged grief disorder lead to symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression? A longitudinal register-based study of the two first years of bereavement.
Conclusion: In the early years of bereavement, large differences exist between bereaved individuals in general levels of PGD, PTSD, and depression. Within bereaved individuals, the temporal relationships between these syndromes become increasingly complex and intertwined over time. Findings should be interpreted with respect to the nonclinical sample and self-report data used. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology)
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - August 3, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Capturing mood dynamics through adolescent smartphone social communication.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(8), Nov 2023, 1072-1084; doi:10.1037/abn0000855Most adolescents with depression remain undiagnosed and untreated—missed opportunities that are costly from both personal and public health perspectives. A promising approach to detecting adolescent depression in real-time and at a large scale is through their social communication on the smartphone (e.g., text messages, social media posts). Past research has shown that language from online social communication reliably indicates interindividual differences in depression. To move toward detecting the emergence of depres...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - July 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Elevated reward, emotion, and memory region response to thin models predicts eating disorder symptom persistence: A prospective functional magnetic resonance imaging study.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(6), Aug 2023, 716-724; doi:10.1037/abn0000843Because few studies have identified biological factors that predict the persistence of eating pathology, we tested the hypotheses that elevated responsivity of brain regions implicated in reward valuation to thin models and high-calorie binge foods would predict the persistence of eating pathology. We analyzed data from 146 women (Mage = 21.87 ± 3.81) with threshold or subthreshold anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, or purging disorder who completed functional magnetic resonance imaging scans assess...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - July 24, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Negative emotion differentiation in trauma-exposed community members: Associations with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in daily life.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(8), Nov 2023, 1007-1018; doi:10.1037/abn0000851The ability to make fine-grained distinctions between discrete negative emotions—termed negative emotion differentiation (NED)—is important for emotion regulation and psychological well-being. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with elevated trauma-related negative emotions (e.g., fear, anger, guilt, shame) and self-reported difficulty identifying feelings, suggesting that low NED may be a feature of PTSD. PTSD is also characterized by overreliance on avoidance as an emotion regulation strategy—a ch...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - July 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
