A daily diary study of minority stressors, suicidal ideation, nonsuicidal self-injury ideation, and affective mechanisms among sexual and gender minority youth.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(4), May 2023, 372-384; doi:10.1037/abn0000813Sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) are at greater risk than their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). Unique stressors (i.e., minority stressors) specific to SGMY's stigmatized identities such as discrimination or concealment of one's identity are posited to explain these disparities. However, there is limited research examining the associations among minority stressors, affective mediating processes, and STB and NSSI in SGMY's daily liv...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - March 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Quantifying skip-out information loss when assessing major depression symptoms.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(4), May 2023, 396-408; doi:10.1037/abn0000805Large-scale mental health surveys screen participants for the presence of the core diagnostic criteria of a mental disorder such as major depressive disorder (MDD). Only participants who screen positive are administered the full diagnostic module; the remainder “skip-out.” Although this procedure adheres faithfully to the psychiatric classification of mental disorders, it limits the use of the resulting survey data for conducting high-quality research of importance to scientists, clinicians, and policymakers. Here, we ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - March 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The bidirectional effects of antisocial behavior, anxiety, and trauma exposure: Implications for our understanding of the development of callous–unemotional traits.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(4), May 2023, 445-460; doi:10.1037/abn0000815The association of anxiety and trauma with antisocial behavior in children and adolescents has long been the focus of research, and more recently this area of research has become critical to theories of the development of callous–unemotional (CU) traits. Research suggests those with elevated CU traits and anxiety (i.e., secondary CU variant) seem to show more severe externalizing behaviors and are more likely to show histories of trauma, compared to those with elevated CU and low anxiety (i.e., primary CU variant). These...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - March 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Sexual minority stress and substance use: An investigation of when and under what circumstances minority stress predicts alcohol and cannabis use at the event-level.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(4), May 2023, 475-489; doi:10.1037/abn0000819Sexual minority women and gender diverse (SMWGD) individuals are at elevated risk for alcohol and cannabis use disorders compared with cisgender, heterosexual women. This has been attributed to the unique stressors that SMWGD experience (i.e., sexual minority stress); however, recent studies have found mixed evidence for a link between sexual minority stress and substance use. The current manuscript introduces and tests a novel theoretical model derived from integrating minority stress theory and the multistage model of dr...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - March 16, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Daily experiences of minority stress and mental health in transgender and gender-diverse individuals.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(3), Apr 2023, 340-350; doi:10.1037/abn0000814Transgender and gender-diverse people experience various minority stressors although minimal research has examined prospective effects on daily affect or mental health. We explored rates of marginalization for transgender and gender-diverse participants in a daily diary study and the concurrent and prospective associations with daily affect and weekly measures of depression and anxiety symptoms, as well as the mediating effects of internalized stigma, rumination, and isolation. There were 167 participants (82.2% white; M a...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - March 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Neural indicators of initial control rather than early maintenance of attention predict impaired visual attention in schizophrenia.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(3), Apr 2023, 351-360; doi:10.1037/abn0000811Attentional filtering has long been suggested to be a core deficit of schizophrenia. Recent work has emphasized the important distinction between attentional control, which involves the voluntary selection of a particular stimulus for focused processing, and implementation of selection, which involves the mechanisms that actually enhance the stimulus selected via filtering processes. We recorded electroencephalography data from people with schizophrenia (PSZ), their first-degree relatives (REL) and healthy controls (CTRL) ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - March 2, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
18-month trajectories of delusional dimensions in young adults: Relationship with reasoning biases and worry.
Conclusions: Distinct trajectories of delusional dimensions were predicted by worry and meta-worry. Differences between the decreasing and stable groups carried clinical implications. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology)
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - February 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Transsyndromic trajectories from pre-onset self-harm and subthreshold psychosis to the first episode of psychosis: A longitudinal study.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(2), Feb 2023, 198-208; doi:10.1037/abn0000806Across subthreshold psychotic and nonpsychotic syndromes, symptoms experienced before the onset of a first episode of psychosis (FEP) may index distinct illness trajectories. We aimed to examine the associations between three types of pre-onset symptoms (self-harm, suicide attempts, and subthreshold psychotic) and outcome trajectories during FEP. Participants with FEP were recruited from PEPP-Montreal, a catchment-based early intervention service. Pre-onset symptoms were systematically assessed through interviews with part...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - February 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Mutualistic processes in the development of psychopathology: The special case of borderline personality disorder.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(2), Feb 2023, 185-197; doi:10.1037/abn0000800Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious mental illness characterized by instability in affective, cognitive, and interpersonal domains. BPD co-occurs with several mental disorders and has robust, positive associations with the general factors of psychopathology (p-factor) and personality disorders (g-PD). Consequently, some researchers have purported BPD to be a marker of p, such that the core features of BPD reflect a generalized liability to psychopathology. This assertion has largely stemmed from cross-sectio...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - February 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Suicide-related construct accessibility and attention disengagement bias in suicide ideation.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(2), Feb 2023, 173-184; doi:10.1037/abn0000808Previous attempts to determine whether attention bias toward suicide-related stimuli is associated with risk for future suicide attempts have yielded mixed findings that have been difficult to replicate. Recent evidence suggests that methods used to assess attention bias toward suicide-specific stimuli have low reliability. The present study used a modified attention disengagement and construct accessibility task to examine suicide-specific disengagement biases, along with cognitive accessibility of suicide-related stimuli...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - February 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Examining common and distinct contributions to the etiology of suicide attempt and reattempt.
This study examined the extent to which the genetic and environmental characteristics of having a first versus a second suicide attempt (SA) are common or specific. We evaluated the direct pathway between these phenotypes and the role of specific risk factors. From Swedish national registries, two subsamples of individuals born between 1960 and 1980 were selected (1,227,287 twin-sibling pairs and 2,265,796 unrelated individuals). First, a twin-sibling model was fit to evaluate the genetic and environmental risk factors related to first and second SA. The model also included a direct path between first and second SA. Second...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - February 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Reduced social risk-taking in depression.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(2), Feb 2023, 156-164; doi:10.1037/abn0000797Evolutionary models of depression posit that depressed mood represents an adaptive response to unacceptably low social status, motivating the inhibition of social risk-taking in favor of submissive behaviors which reduce the likelihood of social exclusion. We tested the hypothesis of reduced social risk taking using a novel adaptation of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) in participants with major depressive disorder (MDD; n = 27) and never-depressed comparison participants (n = 35). The BART requires participants to p...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - February 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Recurrence of depression can be foreseen by monitoring mental states with statistical process control.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(2), Feb 2023, 145-155; doi:10.1037/abn0000812Detecting early signs of recurrence of psychopathology is key for prevention and treatment. Personalized risk assessment is especially relevant for formerly depressed patients, for whom recurrence is common. We aimed to examine whether recurrence of depression can be accurately foreseen by applying Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) statistical process control charts to Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) data. Participants were formerly depressed patients (n = 41) in remission who (gradually) discontinued anti...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - February 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Pathological personality in relation to multiple domains of quality of life and impairment: Evidence for the specific relevance of the maladaptive poles of major trait domains.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Vol 132(2), Feb 2023, 135-144; doi:10.1037/abn0000810The current study examined whether personality domains have nonmonotonic relationships with functional outcomes, specifically in relation to quality of life and impairment. Four samples were utilized, which were drawn from the United States and Germany. Personality trait domains were measured via the IPIP-NEO and PID-5; quality of life (QoL) was measured with the WHOQOL-BREF, and impairment was measured using the WHODAS-2.0. The PID-5 was analyzed in all four samples. Two-line testing, which fits two spline regression line...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - February 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
A thorough investigation of the bifactor model of psychopathology in a representative birth cohort: Testing internal and predictive validity to inform models of comorbidity.
This study used symptom dimensions reflecting DSM-V internalizing, externalizing, eating disorders, and substance use (SU) and related problems to thoroughly investigate the structure of psychopathology in mid-adolescence (15 and 17 years, N = 1,515, 52% female). Compared to other hierarchical configurations (unidimensional, correlated factors, or higher-order model), a bifactor model of psychopathology wherein all first-order symptom dimensions loaded onto a second-order general psychopathology factor (P factor) and one of three, second-order specific internalizing, externalizing, or SU factors, best captured the structur...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Psychology - February 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
