Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Development and validation of presumptive spot test for the identification of z-drugs used in drug-facilitated crimes
AbstractThe significance and desire for preliminary testing approaches that are straightforward, quick, selective, affordable, and practical for use in the field are highlighted by the increasing enormous amounts of potentially illegal samples being seized worldwide. The “z-drugs,” which include zolpidem, zopiclone, and eszopiclone, are non-benzodiazepine medications used to treat insomnia. z-drugs are short-term solutions for sleeplessness and anxiety but have a long history of abuse and misuse. The extensive list is primarily utilized for drug-facilitated crim es and drug dependence. The presumptive color spot test f...
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - October 25, 2023 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

Assessment of sex and sexual dimorphism in children from Tamilnadu, India through odontometrics in primary dentition – a cross sectional study with discriminant function analysis
AbstractOne of the crucial steps in the process of identification of human remains is sex determination of an unknown individual. Sex can be determined using the human skeleton, especially by examining the pelvis and skull. Odontometric analysis and assessment of sexual dimorphism of the human dentition has been less investigated, especially in primary dentition. Hence, this research was designed to verify the presence of sexual dimorphism through odontometric approach in paediatric population of Tamil Nadu, India. The present study was performed on 229 females and 244 males between 3 and 6 years of age. Linear measurem...
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - October 23, 2023 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

Microbiology and postmortem interval: a systematic review
AbstractThis systematic review aims to learn if and how it is possible to use the human microbiome to indicate the time elapsed after death. Articles were searched on the PubMed database using predefined data fields and keywords; reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were excluded. The final selection included 14 papers (out of 144). The results indicated that the microorganisms present in the cadaveric island succeed predictably over time, with markers between the stages of decomposition constituting a potential innovative tool for postmortem interval (PMI) estimation. The human microbiome has the potential to be...
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - October 16, 2023 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

Fatal upper aerodigestive tract obstruction in an East Asian finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri): findings in post-mortem computed tomography
AbstractThe present case report aims to outline the post-mortem findings of an East Asian finless porpoise with upper aerodigestive tract obstruction using different post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) visualization techniques and discusses the potential cause of death of this individual. A dead-stranded adult male East Asian finless porpoise was recovered from the Northern coast of Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. The carcass was frozen in Jeju National University within 2 h upon first reported. The PMCT examinations were performed at 120 kVp, 200 mAs with a section thickness of 1 mm. The scan field of view (sFOV) wa...
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - October 13, 2023 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

Histiocytoid cardiomyopathy presenting as sudden death in an 18-month-old infant
We report our own autopsy findings with histological images, and discuss the expected clinical, morphological and ultrastructural f eatures of the disease. (Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology)
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - October 13, 2023 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

Success rate of rapid DNA technology in kinship analysis for forensic purpose
In this study, DNA profiles of 30 families (consisting of mothers, fathers, and children) were analyzed using the RapidHITTM ID System. The system automatically calculated maternity-paternity probabilities to assess the suitability of Rapid DNA technology for kinship analysis. For validation, DNA profiles were also generated using the 3500 GA method. The study revealed that 9 out of 30 families exhibited discrepancies in DNA profiling, leading to inaccuracies in automatic kinship analysis. Consequently, while the method offers rapid and user-friendly advantages for forensic sciences, th e software underlying the system req...
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - October 12, 2023 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

Differences in patterns of sexual assault among female victims preceding and during the COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis of encounters in an emergency department
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic may have impacted the number and patterns of sexual assault victims within a German metropolitan city. A retrospective single center analysis of the gynecology examination reports of all women presenting to the emergency department of a university hospital after a sexual offense between 03/2013 and 02/2021 (n = 1167). Comparison of the first year of the pandemic 03/2000-03/2021) to previous years (03/2017-02/2020) and comparison of periods of government-imposed social distancing (03/12/2020-05/23/2020 and 10/23/2020-02/28/2021) with corresponding...
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - October 10, 2023 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

Pediatric postmortem CT angiography: validation of vascular access for PMCT angiography in stillbirths, babies and toddlers
ConclusionWhen performing pedPMCTA, an umbilical vascular access is recommended if an umbilical cord with open vessels is still present. Otherwise, a bone marrow access should be preferred in the presence of an arteriovenous shunt or if only the venous system needs to be shown. If that is not the case, the femoral access with the possibility to separate venous and arterial scan should be used. (Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology)
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - October 9, 2023 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

Estimation of time since death using cardiac troponin I in case of death due to asphyxia and cardiotoxicity of acebutolol
The objective of this study was to investigate the degradation pattern of cardiac troponin I in rats in vivo, and to determine whether the pattern was dependent on the cause of death, for the purpose of estimating the postmortem interval. The rats were categorized into three distinct groups depending on the factors leading to their demise: the control group, the group experiencing acebutolol-induced cardiotoxicity, and the group affected by asphyxia. The analysis encompassed the isolation and segregation of the protein, subsequently employing Western blotting as a means of visualizing the results. The results revealed a di...
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - October 7, 2023 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

GC –MS/MS analysis of chlorpyrifos in forensic samples with varied survival time
AbstractOrganophosphorus pesticides are extensively used in the agricultural sector to kill insects, worms, and other pests. Many people may be poisoned by chlorpyrifos either accidentally or intentionally, including accidental, suicidal, and homicidal poisoning cases in India. The effect of chlorpyrifos on human health depends on factors such as the time, amount and frequency of exposure, the individual ’s health, and certain environmental conditions. The main objective of this investigation is to identify the post-mortem biological sample that shows the longest detection window, enabling precise chlorpyrifos detection ...
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - October 6, 2023 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

ChatGPT and forensic science: comment
(Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology)
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - October 6, 2023 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

Determination of ethyl glucuronide in hair and self-reported alcohol consumption in university students
This study reported the first data involving students enrolled from three universities on a voluntary basis for al cohol consumption evaluation. Alcohol consumption was assessed through questionnaires and EtG quantification in hair (hEtG) carried out by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis after a solid-phase extraction (SPE) purification step. The results of our study demonstrated that 77.1% of samples tested negative for hEtG or displayed hEtG ≤ 5 pg/mg. Particularly, the student population was not characterized by samples with hEtG indicative of chronic excessive consumption (hEtG ≥�...
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - October 5, 2023 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research