Childhood community-acquired pneumonia
Conclusion: New insights into the aetiology and treatment of CAP in children in recent years have influenced management and are the focus of this review. In addition to reducing diagnostic uncertainty, there is an urgent need to reduce antibiotic overuse and antimicrobial resistance in children with CAP.What is Known:• Conjugate vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b have shifted the epidemiology of childhood CAP to predominantly viral pathogens and Mycoplasma pneumoniae.• Clinical, laboratory, and radiological criteria cannot reliably distinguish between bacterial and viral aetiolo...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 19, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Evaluating quality of life in pediatric palliative care: a cross-sectional analysis of children ’s and parents’ perspectives
Conclusions: Children have a more optimistic view than their parents. When the child is the one who reports a lower QoL score than their parent, the child should be carefully monitored. The voice of the child and that of the family members can be collected to create a “family voice” and can be complementary.What is Known:• Children with life-limiting conditions experience multiple and changing symptoms that affect their QoL.• The child’s perspective is often overlooked.What is New:• Children value QoL more positively than their parents do, even if we control for sociodemographic variables and the disease itself...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 19, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Exclusive human milk feeding and prevalence of early adiposity rebound in ELBW infants: a retrospective cohort study
Conclusions: ELBW infants in our cohort developed EAR in a relatively high percentage of cases. In this already at-risk population, EAR may represent a further risk factor for an adverse metabolic outcome. Monitoring preterm infants ’ growth within a long-term follow-up program and promoting and supporting human milk feeding is advisable.What is Known:• Preterm-born infants are at high risk for long-term adverse health outcomes, especially cardiovascular and metabolic.• The occurrence of early adiposity rebound (EAR) is associated with the risk of later obesity and metabolic syndrome.What is New:• The occurrence of...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 19, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Online-merge-offline (OMO)-based music therapy for asthmatic children during the COVID-19 pandemic in China
Conclusion: As a child-friendly, low-risk, and convenient intervention, the OMO-based MT has a positive impact on pediatric asthma management during the COVID-19 pandemic.What is Known:• A few findings proved the positive effect of MT on pediatric asthma.What is New:• Our study further proving the validation and effectiveness of MT with OMO-based model on pediatric asthma, wind instrument playing has a greater impact on pediatric asthma control via small airways and might be recommended to mix to singing and breathing to improve effectiveness of MT for asthma tic children. (Source: European Journal of Pediatrics)
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 16, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
The resting calcaneal stance position (RCSP): an old dog, with new tricks
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the role of RCSP for simple, accessible and quick screening of paediatric FF. This is especially pertinent for non-podiatric healthcare professional without specialised paediatric foot knowledge.What is Known:• Most children develop a normal arch quickly, and flat feet usually resolve on their own between 2 and 6 years of age.• The measurement used to diagnose flat foot in children must be accurate, consistent, and valid to characterize the standard foot position. The Resting Calcaneal Stance Position (RCSP) is another widely used measure to evaluate the position of the f...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 16, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Analysis of noise levels in the neonatal intensive care unit: the impact of clinical microsystems
Conclusion: Our data show that noise levels are more driven by human behavior than by technical devices. Implementation of microsystems may help to reduce noise exposure in the lower acuity pods in a NICU.What is Known:• Excessive noise levels can lead to adverse effects on the health and development of premature infants and other critically ill newborns.• The reorganization of the neonatal intensive care unit following the clinical microsystems principles might improve quality of care but also affect noise exposure of staff and patients.What is New:• The transition from a mixed -acuity to cohorting model is associat...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 14, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Pharmacotherapy for ADHD in children and adolescents: A summary and overview of different European guidelines
Conclusion: Pharmacological treatment options for ADHD in children and adolescents are effective and generally well-tolerated. Pharmacotherapy for ADHD is always part of a multimodal approach. While there is a considerable consensus among European guidelines on pharmacotherapy for ADHD, notable differences exist, particularly concerning the selection and sequencing of various medications.What is Known:• There is a significant base of evidence for pharmacological treatment for ADHD in children and adolescents.• Pediatricians are often involved in assessment, diagnosis and management of children with ADHD.What is N...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 14, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Pediatric and adult patients with ME/CFS following COVID-19: A structured approach to diagnosis using the Munich Berlin Symptom Questionnaire (MBSQ)
Conclusions: ME/CFS can follow SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients younger than 18 years, rendering structured diagnostic approaches most relevant for pediatric PCC clinics. The MBSQs and SSSs represent novel diagnostic tools that can facilitate the diagnosis of ME/CFS in children, adolescents, and adults with PCC and other post-infection or post-vaccination syndromes.What is Known:• ME/CFS is a debilitating disease with increasing prevalence due to COVID-19. For diagnosis, a differential diagnostic workup is required, including the evaluation of clinical ME/CFS criteria.• ME/CFS after COVID-19 has been reported in adult...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 14, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Current practices for nutritional evaluation and care during the treatment of pediatric oncology patients: a survey among AIEOP centers
Conclusion: This study underscores the pressing need for unified recommendations to improve nutritional care and potentially enhance outcomes for pediatric cancer patients.What is Known:• The assessment and support of nutrition are gaining interest in the overall care of children with cancer.• The assessment and management of nutritional needs in pediatric cancer patients, including those undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation, currently lack a systematic approach.What is New:• There is considerable variability in the nutritional assessment and support among Italian centers treating pediatric patients with can...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 14, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Lung ultrasound –guided fluid resuscitation in neonatal septic shock: A randomized controlled trial
Conclusion: Lung ultrasound is a noninvasive and convenient tool for predicting fluid overload in neonatal septic shock. Fluid resuscitation guided by lung ultrasound can shorten the length of hospital and NICU stays, reduce the amount of fluid used in the first 6 h, and reduce the risk of acute kidney injury and intracranial hemorrhage.Trial registration: Registered in Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital: 2021-IIT-156-EK, date of registration: November 13, 2021. And ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06144463 (retrospectively registered).What is Known:• Excessive fluid resuscitation in neonates with septic shock had wors...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 14, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
The diagnosis and treatment of pediatric clinical myocarditis in China: a multicenter retrospective study
Conclusion: Clinical myocarditis in children often presents with symptoms outside the cardiovascular system. CK-MB, cTnI, and NT-proBNP are important indicators for assessing clinical myocarditis. The electrocardiogram and echocardiogram findings in children with clinical myocarditis exhibit significant variability but lack specificity. Cardiac MRI can be a useful tool for screening clinical myocarditis. Most children with clinical myocarditis have a favorable prognosis.What is Known:• Pediatric myocarditis presents complex clinical manifestations and exhibits varying degrees of severity. Children with mild myocarditis g...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 13, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Nutritional risk and functionality of children and adolescents hospitalized with COVID-19
Conclusion: The study found a positive association between nutritional risk and functional impairment in hospitalized children and adolescents with COVID-19 on admission, even after adjusting for age, length of stay, and complex chronic conditions. Furthermore, patients with medium/high nutritional risk at admission also had worse functionality, both on admission and at discharge.What is Known:• Children and adolescents infected with COVID-19 tend to exhibit milder symptoms and lower hospitalization rates compared to adults, although severe cases and complications can occur.• A paucity of targeted investigations exists...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 13, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Association between interpregnancy interval and risk of autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis
Conclusion: Our analysis indicates that both shorter and longer IPIs might predispose children to a higher risk of ASD. Optimal childbearing health and neurodevelopmental outcomes appear to be associated with a moderate IPI, specifically between 36 and 60 months.What is Known:• An association between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and interpregnancy intervals (IPIs) has been speculated in some reports.• This association remains debatable due to inconsistent findings in available studies.What is New:• Our study delineated a U-shaped restricted cubic spline curve, suggesting that both shorter and longer IPIs predispo...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 12, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Point-of-care ultrasound for non-vascular invasive procedures in critically ill neonates and children: current status and future perspectives
Conclusion: There has been a recent growth of supportive evidence for using point-of-care ultrasound to guide neonatal and pediatric percutaneous procedural interventions. A global and comprehensive approach for the use of point-of-care ultrasound allows to assist all steps of different, non-vascular, invasive procedures.What is Known:• Point-of-care ultrasound has been established as a powerful tool providing for real-time image guidance of invasive procedures in critically ill neonates and children and allowing to increase both safety and success.What is New:• A global and comprehensive use of point-of-care ultrasoun...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 12, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Analysis of QRS complex morphology in children and adolescents with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that male children and adolescents with OSAS have a combination of QRS complex changes characterized by low QRS voltages, and increased frequency of fragmented QRS. These findings reflect that the electrical remodeling and structural remodeling of the myocardium are considerably affected by OSAS in children and adolescents, leading to ventricular changes and intraventricular conduction problems.What is Known:• Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) characterized by recurrent intermittent hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and sleep fragmentation results in sympathetic nervous system ac...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 12, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
