The effect of orlistat in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver in adolescents with overweight and obese
Conclusion: The findings of our study reported that orlistat improved NAFLD-related factors and metabolic syndrome-related factors compared to placebo for 12 weeks.Trial Registration: (Clinical trial registry number: IRCT20220409054467N2, with a registration date of 2022 –05-13).What is Known:• Among the interventions of interest for the management of pediatric NAFLD, we can mention lifestyle and pharmaceutical measures.What is New:• This study was conducted to determine whether adolescents with NAFLD would improve with treatment intervention with orlistat.• The findings of our study reported that orlistat improved...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 11, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Normative computed tomography angiography values of the main and branch pulmonary arteries in children
Conclusion: We report systolic and diastolic mean, maximum, and minimum diameters and cross-sectional areas along with Z-scores and normative curves for the main and branch pulmonary arteries in children derived using ECG-gated cardiac CTA. We believe our results can help identify abnormally sized main and branch pulmonary arteries.What is Known:• Normative data for intracardiac and extracardiac vascular structures in the pediatric population are available for echocardiography, cardiac MRI and non-ECG gated CTA.• Z-scores with standard deviations are commonly used in children, but SDs are not constant across body sizes...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 11, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Assessment of quality of life and physical activity in patients with oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis in remission
Conclusion: Oligoarticular JIA patients demonstrated lower PA and HRQOL scores compared to healthy controls despite favorable disease control.What is Known:• Oligoarticular JIA has fewer functional limitations and disabilities compared to other JIA subtypes.• As JIA can affect all aspects of a child’s life, there is a need to improve the quality of life related to the disease.What is New:• It should be considered that patients with oligoarticular JIA may show lower PA and HRQOL scores compared to healthy controls despite favorable disease control.• Since there may be a relationship between PA and HRQOL, factors t...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 10, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Myocardial function using two dimension speckle-tracking echocardiography in children with celiac disease
Conclusion: 2D-STE can detect subclinical early cardiac dysfunction in children with CD and this cardiac injury correlated to the duration and severity of the disease and some nutritional deficiency in these children.What is Known:• The prevalence of cardiac complications linked to celiac disease (CD) is on expanding.• Only one study evaluated cardiac function in children with CD using two dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE).What is New:• Our study found that 2D-STE can detect early subclinical cardiac dysfunction in children with CD. Cardiac injury in theses children correlated to the duration and...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 7, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Risk of CFTR-related disorders and cystic fibrosis in an Italian cohort of CRMS/CFSPID subjects in preschool and school age
Conclusion: Most Italian preschool and school-aged children with CFSPID did not have a conclusive diagnosis, and progression to CF was unlikely in children  >  6 years of age. An annual follow-up could be indicated to identify early evolution in clinical features consistent with a CFTR-RD.What is Known:• Cystic Fibrosis newborn screening identifies also subjects with an inconclusive diagnosis (CFSPID).• Over time a variable percentage of CFSPIDs will be diagnosed as CF.• Little data is available on CFSPIDs with a follow-up period of more than six years.What is New:• 80% of Italian preschool and school-age ...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 6, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Assessing the diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound in determining invasive ventilation needs in neonates on non-invasive ventilation: An observational study from a tertiary NICU in India
Conclusion: This study underscores the diagnostic accuracy of the LUS cutoff of  >  7 in determining invasive ventilation needs during the initial 72 h of NIV. Importantly, while lower LUS values typically rule out the need for ventilation, higher values, though indicative, are not definitive.What is known?• The effectiveness of lung ultrasound in evaluating disease severity and the need for surfactants in neonates with respiratory distress is well established. However, traditional indicators for transitioning from non-invasive to invasive ventilation, like respiratory distress and oxygen levels, ha ve limitation...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 6, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Tracking of apolipoprotein B levels measured in childhood and adolescence: systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusion: ApoB levels track strongly from childhood, but do not surpass LDL cholesterol in this regard. While there is strong evidence that apoB is more effective at predicting ASCVD risk than LDL cholesterol in adults, there is currently insufficient evidence to support its increased utility in pediatric settings. This also applies to tracking data, where more comprehensive data are required.What is known:• Apolipoprotein B is a known cause of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.• Apolipoprotein B levels are not typically measured in pediatric settings, where low-density lipoprotein cholesterol remains the primar...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 5, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Position statement on infection screening, prophylaxis, and vaccination of pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases and immunosuppressive therapies, part 3: precautions in situations of surgery, fever, and opportunistic infections
Conclusions: Hereby, we provided consensus and updated of recommendations about the management of special situations such as surgery, fever, and opportunistic in children with immune-mediated rheumatic diseases receiving immunosuppressive therapies. Several of the recommendations depend largely on clinical judgement and specific balance between risk and benefit for each individual and situation. To assess this risk, the clinician should have knowledge of the drugs, the patient ’s previous situation as well as the current infectious disease, in addition to experience.What is Known:• Infectious diseases and related compl...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 4, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Early factors associated with continuous positive airway pressure failure in moderate and late preterm infants – response
(Source: European Journal of Pediatrics)
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 4, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Comment on: & quot;Drug-associated kidney injury in children: a disproportionality analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system & quot;
(Source: European Journal of Pediatrics)
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 4, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
How reliable is the statistical evaluation using the 'mean' in an abnormally distributed dataset?
(Source: European Journal of Pediatrics)
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 4, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
The financial burden experienced by families during NICU hospitalization and after discharge: A single center, survey-based study
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that parents of NICU graduates experience high rates of FB, highlighting their sources (e.g., grandparents support) and difficulties (e.g., private therapy costs) through the lens of patient perspective. Our study promotes reflection on policies which should be adopted from the European health services that are similar to the Italian one to support NICU graduate families and reduce inequalities.What is Known:• Families of NICU graduates face several kinds of costs during hospitalization and after discharge.What is New:• NICU hospitalization is a multifaceted event that impact fina...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 1, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Revising the value of Antistreptolysin O titre in childhood and its interpretation in the diagnostic approach of rheumatic diseases
Conclusion: Our study established a new ULN normal value of streptococcal serology in a childhood and adolescent population of Italy, suggesting the need to extend this revaluation to the critical areas, in order to avoid underestimating ARF diagnosis. The correct interpretation of ASO and anti-DNase B values in the context of rheumatic diseases has been discussed.What is Known:• The global burden of disease caused by group A streptococcus is not known and remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Acute rheumatic fever continues to be a serious worldwide public health problem and a recent recurrence of group...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - December 1, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in neonates in Germany in 2019; a nationwide epidemiological cohort study
Conclusions: This study found that the incidence of ROP in Germany is similar to that in other developed countries. The study also found that the mortality rate for infants with ROP is higher than the overall neonatal death rate. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and treatment of ROP in preterm infants.What is Known:• ROP is a severe eye condition often affecting preterm infants.• Previous data are limited in scope and generalizability.What is New:• Based on a national database, our study found ROP incidence to be 17.04 per 10,000 new births, higher in males (17.71) than in females (16.34).â€...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - November 30, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Letter to the Editor, regarding Rakha S, Hammad A, Elmarsafawy H, Korkor MS, et al. (2023). A deeper look into the functions of right ventricle using three-dimensional echocardiography: the forgotten ventricle in children with systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur J Pediatr. 182:2807 –2819
(Source: European Journal of Pediatrics)
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - November 30, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
