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Interleukin-1 Genotype in Periodontitis
AbstractThis paper presents the current knowledge concerning the role of polymorphisms of IL1A and IL1B genes in periodontitis. Attention has been paid to the role of IL-1 in the pathogenesis of the disease, and to the significance of a genetic test, investigating the presence of composite two polymorphisms of IL-1 gene, as a risk factor for severe periodontitis. The significance of this test for prevention of periodontitis and its therapy has been discussed. IL-1 polymorphisms have been presented and described according to the reference single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identification number (rsID), established to erad...
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - July 18, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Mitochondrial Heat Shock Response Induced by Ectromelia Virus is Accompanied by Reduced Apoptotic Potential in Murine L929 Fibroblasts
AbstractPoxviruses utilize multiple strategies to prevent activation of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways for successful replication. Mitochondrial heat shock proteins (mtHsps), especially Hsp60 and its cofactor Hsp10, are engaged in apoptosis regulation; however, until now, the influence of poxviruses on mtHsps has never been studied. We used highly infectious Moscow strain of ectromelia virus (ECTV) to investigate the mitochondrial heat shock response and apoptotic potential in permissive L929 fibroblasts. Our results show that ECTV-infected cells exhibit mostly mitochondrial localization of Hsp60 and Hsp10, and...
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - July 18, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Role of Macrophages in Pregnancy and Related Complications
AbstractMacrophages (M Фs) are the leukocytes produced from differentiation of monocytes and are located in almost all tissues of human body. They are involved in various processes, such as phagocytosis, innate and adaptive immunity, proinflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) activity, depending on the tissue microe nvironment. They play a crucial role in pregnancy, and their dysfunction or alteration of polarity is involved in pregnancy disorders, like preeclampsia, recurrent spontaneous abortion, infertility, intrauterine growth restriction, and preterm labor. About 50–60% of decidual leukocytes are natural kille...
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - July 7, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Induction of Chronic Subclinical Systemic Inflammation in Sprague –Dawley Rats Stimulated by Intermittent Bolus Injection of Lipopolysaccharide
In conclusion, these results indicate that intermittent exposure to LPS produces chronic subclinical systemic inflammation in multiple organs leading to chronic conditions and supports this model to be a useful preclinical tool for developing immunotherapeutic agents that cou ld prevent, or reduce, chronic inflammatory diseases associated with, or without, bacterial translocation. (Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis)
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - July 4, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Adjuvant Allergen Fusion Proteins as Novel Tools for the Treatment of Type I Allergies
AbstractWhile acute allergic symptoms can be managed by emergency medication, to date, allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) with allergen extracts is the only available curative treatment option. However, the risk of anaphylactic reactions, long treatment duration, varying extract quality, and underrepresentation of certain allergens currently prevent many patients from successfully undergoing SIT. Novel strategies are needed to enhance efficacy, safety, and convenience of allergy treatment. Fusion proteins combining allergen and adjuvant into a single molecule can efficiently induce immune responses by targeting the alle...
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - June 19, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

CTLA-4 Expression Inversely Correlates with Kidney Function and Serum Immunoglobulin Concentration in Patients with Primary Glomerulonephritides
The objective of this study was to determine the role of CTLA-4 in the pathogenesis of PGN and NPGN by evaluating the frequencies of T and B lymphocytes expressing CTLA-4 and the serum concentration of the sCTLA-4 isoform in patients with PGN and NPGN in relation to clinical parameters. The study included peripheral blood (PB) samples from 40 PGN and NPGN patients and 20 healthy age- and sex-matched volunteers (control group). The viable PB lymphocytes were labeled with fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal anti-CTLA-4 antibodies and analyzed using flow cytometry. The serum concentration of sCTLA-4 was measured using ELISA. T...
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - June 7, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Diverse Activity of IL-17 + Cells in Chronic Skin and Mucosa Graft-Versus-Host Disease
This study focused on the identification of IL-17-producing cells in the tissue biopsies of cGvHD patients. Forty-one biopsy specimens of cGvHD lesions of the skin (n  =  27), gastrointestinal tract (n  =  9) and oral mucosa (n  =  5), examined in 24 patients, were morphologically defined according to the NIH criteria and analyzed for the presence of cellular infiltrations including: IL-17+, FOXP3+ and CCR6+ cells. IL-17+ cells were identified in 26/27 skin and in all gut and oral mucosa biopsies, being more frequent in mucosa lesions than in the skin (11/14 vs 14/26, respectively; NS: not significant). Double ...
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - June 7, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Variant and Specific Forms of Autoimmune Cholestatic Liver Diseases
AbstractPrimary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are the main autoimmune cholestatic liver diseases. IgG4-associated sclerosing cholangitis is another distinct immune-mediated cholestatic disorder of unknown aetiology that is frequently associated with autoimmune pancreatitis or other IgG4-related diseases. Although the majority of PBC and PSC patients have a typical presentation, there are common and uncommon important variants or specific subgroups that observed in everyday routine clinical practice. In this updated review, we summarize the published data giving also our own experience o...
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - June 4, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Proportion of Cytotoxic Peripheral Blood Natural Killer Cells and T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocytes in Recurrent Miscarriage and Repeated Implantation Failure: Case –Control Study and Meta-analysis
AbstractWe aimed to compare the proportion of peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cells (CD3–CD56+) and T-cell large granular lymphocytes (CD8+CD57+) during preconception in a homogenous group of women with unexplained well-defined recurrent miscarriage (RM) and repeated implantation failure (RIF) vs healthy controls in relation to pregnancy outcomes. This case –control study followed by a literature review and meta-analysis was conducted in three university hospitals. Patients and controls were consecutively recruited from December 2015 to October 2017. In total, 115 women were included in the study: 54 with RM, 41 w...
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - May 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Visfatin Plays a Significant Role in Alleviating Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy Through PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway During Acute Lung Injury in Mice
AbstractVisfatin is involved in the body ’s inflammation and immune response. Inflammation could promote, while visfatin may directly or indirectly mitigate the effects of apoptosis and autophagy. Whether visfatin lessens the detrimental effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse acute lung injury (ALI) is poorly understood yet. T herefore, in the current study, the regulation mechanism of visfatin on apoptosis and autophagy was explored in Kunming mice by replicating LPS-induced inflammatory ALI model. Based on the mouse model of ALI, HE staining, TUNEL, transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemical stain...
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - May 28, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

MicroRNAs: Potential Biomarkers and Targets of Therapy in Allergic Diseases?
AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that are 18 –22 nucleotides long and highly conserved throughout evolution. Currently, they are considered one of the fundamental regulatory mechanisms of genes expression. It has been demonstrated that miRNAs are involved in many biologic processes, such as signal transduction, cell proliferation and differe ntiation, apoptosis and stress responses. More recently, the role of miRNA has also been revealed in numerous immunological and inflammatory disorders, including allergic inflammation. Specific miRNA profiles were demonstrated in asthma, allergic rhinitis...
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - May 27, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

IgG from Non-atopic Individuals Induces In Vitro IFN- γ and IL-10 Production by Human Intra-thymic γδT Cells: A Comparison with Atopic IgG and IVIg
This report describes evidence revealing that IgG may influence the production of IFN-γ and IL-10 by intra thymic γδT cells depending on the donor atopic state. This observation is unprecedented and needs to be considered in further studies in the IgG immunotherapy field. (Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis)
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - May 12, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

The Influence of Antidepressants on the Immune System
AbstractDepression is one of the most frequently diagnosed condition in psychiatry. Despite the availability of many preparations, over 30% of treated patients do not achieve remission. Recently the emphasis is put on the contribution of the body ’s inflammatory response as one of the causes of depression. The interactions between nervous and immune systems are the main issue addressed by psychoneuroimmunology. In patients suffering from depression changes in the plasma concentrations of cytokines and in the number and level of activation of immune cells has been found. Attention is paid to the high levels of pro-inflamm...
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - April 28, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Conjugation of Meningococcal Lipooligosaccharides Through Their Non-Reducing Terminus Results in Improved Induction a Protective Immune Response
AbstractThe present studies prove that conjugation of meningococcal lipooligosaccharides through their non-reducing terminus conserves their inner epitopes resulting in conjugates potent to induce a protective immune response. Four different oligosaccharides were obtained by specific degradations of the same L7 lipooligosaccharide (L7-LOS), and each was linked to tetanus toxoid by direct reductive amination. Two were truncated oligosaccharides with incomplete inner epitopes and were obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of lipooligosaccharide. The terminal galactose of one oligosaccharide was additionally enzymatically oxidized...
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - April 26, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Post-transplant Alternative Complement Pathway Activation Influences Kidney Allograft Function
AbstractThe complement system is one of the crucial pathophysiological mechanisms that directly influence the function of a transplanted kidney. Since the complement pathways ’ activation potential can be easily determined via their functional activity measurement, we focused on fluctuation in the cascade activity in the early post-transplant period. The aim of the study was to relate the kidney transplantation-induced complement system response to allograft outcome. F orty-two kidney recipients (aged: 53.5 [37–52], 17 females/25 males) and 24 healthy controls (aged: 40.5 [34–51], 13 females/11 males) were enrolled i...
Source: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis - April 25, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research