Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Two-year neurodevelopmental data for preterm infants born over an 11-year period in England and Wales, 2008-2018: a retrospective study using the National Neonatal Research Database
Conclusions The proportion of infants admitted to neonatal units in England and Wales with a 2-year neurodevelopmental record has improved over time. Rates of follow-up data from recent years are comparable to those of bespoke observational studies. With continual improvement in data completeness, the potential for use of NNRD as a source of longer-term outcome data can be realised. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - February 19, 2024 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: van Blankenstein, E., Sodiwala, T., Lanoue, J., Modi, N., Uthaya, S. N., Battersby, C., on behalf of the UK Neonatal Collaborative Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

Advance care planning in perinatal settings: national survey of implementation using Normalisation Process Theory
Conclusions Priorities for additional perinatal service development include greater sharing of best practice and effective strategies to target the unique challenges of PnACP, such as time-sensitive collaborative working and decision-making in the face of high uncertainty. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - February 19, 2024 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Shaw, K. L., Spry, J., Cummins, C., Ewer, A. K., Kilby, M. D., Mancini, A. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Clinical outcomes of Staphylococcus capitis isolation from neonates, England, 2015-2021: a retrospective case-control study
Conclusion Infants with S. capitis detected from sterile site samples did not experience significant differences in either survival to discharge or 30-day mortality compared with infants with detection of other common CoNS species. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - February 19, 2024 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Yuan, J.-M., Nugent, C., Wilson, A., Verlander, N. Q., Alexander, E., Fleming, P., Modi, N., Oughham, K., Ratnaraja, N., Wan, Y., Thorn, L., Felgate, H., Webber, M. A., Ogundipe, E., Brown, C. S., Paranthaman, K., Demirjian, A. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Haemodynamic assessment and management of hypotension in the preterm
The management of low blood flow states in premature neonates is fraught with many challenges. We remain over-reliant on regimented stepwise protocols that use mean blood pressure as a threshold for intervention to guide treatment, without giving due consideration to the underlying pathophysiology. The current available evidence does not reflect the need to concentrate on the unique pathophysiology of the preterm infant and thus leads to widespread misuse of vasoactive agents that often do not provide the desired clinical effect. Therefore, understanding the underlying pathophysiological underpinnings of haemodynamic compr...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - February 19, 2024 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Mullaly, R., El-Khuffash, A. F. Tags: Editor's choice Reviews Source Type: research

Neurodevelopmental outcomes in early childhood for infants born very preterm in countries outside the UK
Knowledge of outcomes beyond the primary hospitalisation for infants born very preterm is vital to understanding the impact of interventions in the perinatal and newborn periods, particularly as more infants born <24 weeks’ gestation are being offered active care. van Blankenstein et al1 report the outcomes at 2 years of age of children born <30 weeks in England and Wales between 2008 and 2018. In their study, 0.4% were blind, 1% had a substantial hearing impairment, and delays in language (13%) development (9%) and motor performance (8%) were frequent, based on responses from parent-completed questionnaires. T...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - February 19, 2024 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Doyle, L. W. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

Fantoms
Haemodynamic assessment and management of hypotension in the preterm The haemodynamic management of preterm infants has evolved over time, supported by epidemiological data, physiologically reasoned and well intentioned, but with little sophistication in the physiological assessment and little evidence to guide drug treatment. Rachel Mullaly and Afif Faisal El Khuffash review the present state of knowledge, highlighting the flaws of using mean blood pressure to guide treatment and describing the range of haemodynamic inferences that can be drawn with more sophisticated echocardiographic investigation. Their article is nice...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - February 19, 2024 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Stenson, B. J. Tags: Highlights from this issue Source Type: research

Reply to: 'Statistical power in "Prophylactic surfactant nebulisation for the early aeration of the preterm lung: a randomised clinical trial"
We thank Dr Hagan for his letter highlighting the importance of a critical interpretation of statistical analyses. 1 2 Designing trials to investigate novel therapeutic approaches in the neonatal population is difficult, mainly due to lack of high-quality data for adequate sample size calculation. For this reason, we performed electrical impedance tomography pilot measurements in five healthy very preterm infants immediately after birth to generate baseline data. As correctly noted by Dr Hagan, the assumption of normality was violated for the primary outcome in our final data set, and thus, a non-parametric test was used f...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - December 15, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Gaertner, V. D., Bassler, D., Rüegger, C. M. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research

Statistical power in 'Prophylactic surfactant nebulisation for the early aeration of the preterm lung: a randomised clinical trial
Gaertner et al1 published a randomised clinical trial of preterm infants comparing, as the primary outcome, the difference in end-expiratory lung impedance from birth to 30 min after birth (EELI30min) for infants randomised to receive positive distending pressure, either alone (standard care) or with surfactant nebulisation (SN). The study sample size of 16 patients per treatment arm was calculated to achieve 80% statistical power to detect a mean difference in treatments’ EELI30min of 11 AU/kg at the 5% significance level. An SD of 11 AU/kg from pilot measurements was used for this sample size calculation. The EELI3...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - December 15, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Hagan, J. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research

Infected pericardial cyst: a rare cause of neonatal cardiac tamponade, successfully treated by percutaneous aspiration
A 15-day-old term male neonate presented with respiratory distress, tachycardia, cyanosis (SpO2 85%), periorbital puffiness and pedal oedema (figure 1A). Echocardiography showed suprasystemic pulmonary artery pressures and a large (2.7x3 cm) mass compressing the right heart, producing cardiac tamponade (figure 1B; ). Saline contrast echocardiography (figure 1C; ) does not show any communication with the circulation. Contrast cardiac CT angiogram showed a large lobulated pericardial cyst encircling and compressing the right heart without any communication with the circulation (figure 1D). 3D CT reconstruction showed mass ef...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - December 15, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Karmegaraj, B., Sasikumar, N., Kappanayil, M., Manikavasagam, M., Kumar, R. K. Tags: Images in neonatal medicine Source Type: research

Parental perspectives about information and deferred versus two-stage consent in studies of neonatal asphyxia
Conclusion In this survey, parents expressed diverse opinions on consent, but the majority preferred SOC over DC. Parents who had experienced emergency admission of their asphyxiated neonates were more trusting. Obtaining parental perspectives is essential when designing studies, while being cognisant that these groups of parents may not represent the opinion of all parents. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - December 15, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Maiwald, C. A., Rovers, C., Janvier, A., Sturm, H., Michaelis, M., Marckmann, G., Ehni, H.-J., Poets, C. F., Rüdiger, M., Franz, A. R. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

Continuous interstitial glucose monitoring for term newborns: analysis of the first day of life
Conclusion The interstitial glucose during the first 24 hours of life declined until the sixth hour of life, then increased around the 20th hour and remained stable until the end of the first day of life. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - December 15, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Azevedo, N., Liberatore Junior, R. D. R., Camelo Junior, J. S., Aragon, D. C., Martinelli Junior, C. E. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Ultrasound assessment of endotracheal tube depth in neonates: a prospective feasibility study
Conclusion US evaluation of ETT-RPA distance demonstrated excellent accuracy for determining ETT position in neonates compared with CXR. More research is needed to support its feasibility in clinical settings. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - December 15, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Levkovitz, O., Schujovitzky, D., Stackievicz, R., Fayoux, P., Morag, I., Litmanovitz, I., Arnon, S., Bauer, S. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Factors associated with the increased incidence of necrotising enterocolitis in extremely preterm infants in Sweden between two population-based national cohorts (2004-2007 vs 2014-2016)
Conclusions The increase in NEC incidence between epochs was limited to cases occurring after 7 days of life and was partly explained by increased survival in the most extremely preterm infants. Misclassification of NEC is common. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - December 15, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Challis, P., Källen, K., Björklund, L., Elfvin, A., Farooqi, A., Hakansson, S., Ley, D., Norman, M., Normann, E., Serenius, F., Sävman, K., Hellström-Westas, L., Um-Bergström, P., Aden, U., Abrahamsson, T., Domello& Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

Apnoea-triggered increase in fraction of inspired oxygen in preterm infants: a randomised cross-over study
Conclusion Automated control with a pre-emptive apnoea-triggered FiO2 boost resulted in a modest reduction in post-apnoea hypoxaemia, but was followed by a greater SpO2 overshoot. Trial registration number ACTRN12616000300471. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - December 15, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Marshall, A., Ladlow, O. J., Bannink, C., Lim, K., Ali, S. K. M., Gale, T. J., Dargaville, P. A. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Exhaled CO2 monitoring to guide non-invasive ventilation at birth: a systematic review
Conclusions Evidence to support the use of an ECO2 monitor to guide non-invasive positive pressure ventilation at birth is lacking. More research on the effectiveness of ECO2 measurement in addition to routine assessment during non-invasive ventilation of newborn infants at birth is needed. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022344849. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - December 15, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Monnelly, V., Josephsen, J. B., Isayama, T., de Almeida, M. F. B., Guinsburg, R., Schmölzer, G. M., Rabi, Y., Wyckoff, M. H., Weiner, G., Liley, H. G., Solevag, A. L. Tags: Original research Source Type: research