Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Comparison of neonatal morbidity and mortality between single-room and open-bay care: a retrospective cohort study
Conclusions Implementation of single-rooms in our NICU did not lead to a significant reduction in neonatal morbidity and mortality outcomes. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - October 19, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Jansen, S., Berkhout, R. J. M., te Pas, A. B., Steggerda, S. J., de Vries, L. S., Schalij-Delfos, N., van der Hoeven, A., Lopriore, E., Bekker, V. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Effect of antibiotics in the first week of life on faecal microbiota development
Conclusions AB exposure in the first week of life alters faecal microbiota development with deviations in the relative abundance of individual taxa until 1 year of age. These alterations can have long-term health consequences, which emphasises the need for future studies aiming at restoring intestinal microbiota after AB administration. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - October 19, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Van Daele, E., Kamphorst, K., Vlieger, A. M., Hermes, G., Milani, C., Ventura, M., Belzer, C., Smidt, H., van Elburg, R. M., Knol, J. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

Availability of active therapeutic hypothermia at birth for neonatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy: a UK population study from 2011 to 2018
Conclusions Availability of active Immediate-TH has slowly increased although many newborns still have no access and rely on transport team arrival to commence active TH. This is associated with delayed optimal hypothermic management. Provision of Immediate-TH across all units, with appropriate training and support, could improve care of infants with HIE. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - October 19, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Mistry, A., Shipley, L., Ojha, S., Sharkey, D., UK Neonatal Transport Research Collaborative (UK-NTRC) Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Respiratory function monitoring to improve the outcomes following neonatal resuscitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusion In infants <37 weeks, an RFM in addition to clinical assessment compared with clinical assessment during mask ventilation resulted in similar in-hospital mortality, significant reduction for any brain injury and intraventricular haemorrhage. Further trials are required to determine whether RFMs should be routinely available for neonatal resuscitation. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - October 19, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: de Medeiros, S. M., Mangat, A., Polglase, G. R., Sarrato, G. Z., Davis, P. G., Schmölzer, G. M. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Time to positivity of blood cultures in neonatal late-onset bacteraemia
Conclusions Empiric antibiotic administration in late-onset infection evaluations (not targeting CoNS) can be stopped at 36 hours. Longer durations (48 hours) should be considered when there is pretreatment or antibiotic therapy is directed at CoNS. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - October 19, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Mukhopadhyay, S., Briker, S. M., Flannery, D. D., Dhudasia, M. B., Coggins, S. A., Woodford, E., Walsh, E. M., Li, S., Puopolo, K. M., Kuzniewicz, M. W. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Preterm infant circulating sex steroid levels are not altered by transfusion with adult male plasma: a retrospective multicentre cohort study
Conclusions A single transfusion of adult male plasma to preterm infants had no impact on circulating sex steroid levels. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - October 19, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Nilsson, A. K., Hellgren, G., Sjöbom, U., Landin, A., Ryberg, H., Wackernagel, D., Ley, D., Hansen Pupp, I., Poutanen, M., Ohlsson, C., Hellstrom, A. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

Trends in the use of non-invasive respiratory support for term infants in tertiary neonatal units in Australia and New Zealand
Conclusions Non-invasive respiratory support use to treat term infants cared for in NICUs within the ANZNN is increasing over time. Clinicians should be diligent in selecting infants most likely to benefit from treatment with non-invasive respiratory support in this relatively low-risk population of term newborn infants. Analysis of patient-level data by individual NICUs is recommended to control for potential confounding due to changes in population over time. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - October 19, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Manley, B. J., Buckmaster, A. G., Travadi, J., Owen, L. S., Roberts, C. T., Wright, I. M. R., Davis, P. G., Arnolda, G., and the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal network (ANZNN) Tags: Editor's choice Original research Source Type: research

Fantoms
Trends in the use of non-invasive respiratory support for term infants Brett Manley and colleagues report data from tertiary NICUs in the Australia and New Zealand Neonatal Network for the years 2010–2018. 14 656 inborn term (>37 weeks gestation) infants were admitted to 21 NICUs from 2010 to 2018. Non-invasive respiratory support use (largely CPAP) increased on average by 8.7% per year so that the use almost doubled over the period from 10.8 to 20.8 per thousand live births. Use increased in 19/21 units and decreased in none. Surfactant use increased, pneumothoraces increased. There was no change in need for vent...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - October 19, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Stenson, B. J. Tags: Highlights from this issue Source Type: research

Antenatal counselling of spina bifida: we need to do better
Screening is a routine part of pregnancy care, with ultrasound seen as a social rite of passage and a bonding opportunity,1 2 and many women report they are inadequately prepared for ultrasound finding an abnormality.1 3 After a fetal abnormality has been found, further investigations may be required, such as in-utero MRI, following which prospective parents need high-quality, understandable clinical information to make decisions about the management of their pregnancy. Recently, SHINE (Spina Bifida, Hydrocephalus, Information, Network, Equality) published results from their survey of 71 families who had a child with spina...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - August 18, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Hart, A. R., Smith-Wymant, J., Yaz, G. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research

Enhancing regional neonatal cardiology learning and peer review through virtual platforms
Neonatologist-performed echocardiography (NPE) is a useful tool for managing sick neonates and those with congenital heart disease and rhythm abnormalities.1 2 NPE is being adopted in UK clinical practice; however, not all units have neonatologists performing echocardiography or robust governance systems for peer review.3 Singh et al’s survey informed that while almost all neonatal sub-specialty trainees would like to develop echocardiography skills, a significant proportion reported the lack of opportunities to do so.4 With the recognition of the need for training, peer review of echocardiograms and shared learning,...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - August 18, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Noureldein, M., Singh, A., Gowda, H. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research

Repeated intravenous cannula insertion attempts in neonates
Peripheral intravenous cannula (PIVC) insertion is one of the most common invasive procedures performed in the neonatal unit but has a low first attempt success rate (45%–47%).1 2 Multiple insertion attempts are associated with an increased risk of infection.3 No studies to date have examined success rates across repeated attempts by a single operator, and whether a rescue operator is more likely to successfully insert a PIVC following unsuccessful attempts by an initial operator. The primary outcomes of our single-centre prospective, observational study at a tertiary level neonatal unit were the probability of PIVC ...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - August 18, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Trinh, C., Thio, M., Moss, S., McGennisken, M., Davis, P. G. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research

Preterm birth and infant diurnal cortisol regulation
Conclusions Extremely preterm birth is associated with a flattened diurnal slope in infancy. This pattern of cortisol regulation could contribute to adverse metabolic and neurodevelopmental phenotypes observed in this population. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - August 18, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Stoye, D. Q., Boardman, J. P., Osmond, C., Sullivan, G., Lamb, G., Black, G. S., Homer, N. Z., Nelson, N., Theodorsson, E., Reynolds, R. M., Mörelius, E. Tags: Short reports Source Type: research

Functional 2:1 AV block in a preterm
A very low birthweight infant (gestational age 28+3, 1.020 g) presented with ventricular tachycardia requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation within the first day after birth. Aside from prematurity due to chorioamnionitis, the infant suffered from early onset sepsis and was ventilated with high frequency oscillation and nitric oxide. Following successful resuscitation, the infant required high amounts of catecholamines and showed bradycardia of 80 beats per minute (bpm) on ECG monitoring. Each QRS complex was encircled by two P-waves. While one P-wave preceded the QRS complex with a constant PR interval, the second P-wave ...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - August 18, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Kurath-Koller, S., Noessler, N., Pichler, G., Höller, N. Tags: Images in neonatal medicine Source Type: research

Saliva cortisol diurnal variation and stress responses in term and preterm infants
Conclusions Infants born extremely preterm have blunted cortisol reactivity and a flattened diurnal slope. These patterns of HPA axis regulation are commonly seen after childhood adversity and could contribute to later metabolic and neurodevelopmental phenotypes observed in this population. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - August 18, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Stoye, D. Q., Boardman, J. P., Osmond, C., Sullivan, G., Lamb, G., Black, G. S., Homer, N. Z. M., Nelson, N., Theodorsson, E., Mörelius, E., Reynolds, R. M. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

Lung volume distribution in preterm infants on non-invasive high-frequency ventilation
Conclusion Although regional ventilation was similar between nHFOV and nCPAP, end-expiratory lung volume was higher and aeration homogeneity was slightly improved during nHFOV. The aeration difference was greatest in non-gravity dependent regions, possibly due to the oscillatory pressure waveform. The clinical importance of these findings is still unclear. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - August 18, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Gaertner, V. D., Waldmann, A. D., Davis, P. G., Bassler, D., Springer, L., Thomson, J., Tingay, D. G., Rüegger, C. M. Tags: Original research Source Type: research