Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Safe emergency neonatal airway management: current challenges and potential approaches
This review examines the airway adjuncts currently used to acutely manage the neonatal airway. It describes the challenges encountered with facemask ventilation and intubation. Evidence is presented on how to optimise intubation safety and success rates with the use of videolaryngoscopy and attention to the intubation environment. The supraglottic airway (laryngeal mask airway) is emerging as a promising neonatal airway adjunct. It can be used effectively with little training to provide a viable alternative to facemask ventilation and intubation in neonatal resuscitation and be used as an alternative conduit for the admini...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - April 20, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: O'Shea, J. E., Scrivens, A., Edwards, G., Roehr, C. C. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Is it necrotising enterocolitis? Is it focal intestinal perforation? Or is it something else? And does it matter?
Making an accurate distinction between necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and focal intestinal perforation (FIP) in a preterm infant presenting with obvious abdominal pathology has challenged neonatologists and neonatal surgeons for some time. With similarities between the epidemiology, presenting symptoms, clinical signs, radiology, surgical findings, histopathology and even postmortem findings, it is unsurprising that making an accurate distinction between these disease entities is fraught with difficulty. Indeed, according to some published definitions, there is significant overlap and using some of these may result in ina...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - April 20, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Hall, N. J. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

Pulse oximetry detects newborns with life-threatening conditions before discharge from hospital
‘Temporal trends in routine predischarge pulse oximetry screening: 6 years’ experience in a UK regional neonatal unit’ is yet another important publication on the value of this newborn screening test by the team from Birmingham. They set clear goals to evaluate the impact of pulse oximetry screening (POS) in their neonatal unit and to compare the impact with their previous 3-year experience. Additionally, they aimed to address the concerns of the National Screening Committee (NSC), which has not yet recommended routine use of POS in the UK. At the Birmingham Women’s Hospital (BWH), POS continues to ...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - April 20, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Martin, G. R. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

Long-term effects on the child of near-term glucocorticoids in the fetus
The human fetal hypothalamic–pituitary axis (HPA) becomes activated as pregnancy advances towards term. This critical developmental trigger occurs in most mammalian species and results in a fetal adrenal glucocorticoid (GC) surge essential for lung maturation.1 In addition, HPA activation also contributes to parturition and the maturation of other fetal organs. Precocious activation of GC receptors (GRs) can be induced by endogenous cortisol release in response to fetal exposure to an adverse intrauterine environment, or when synthetic GCs are administered to the mother during pregnancy (antenatal maternal GC, AMGC)....
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - April 20, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Shreeve, N., Smith, G. C. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

Highlights from this issue
Pulse oximetry screening The use of pulse oximetry to screen newborn infants for the presence of critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) is now routine in many countries and is performed by more than 50% of UK neonatal services, but it is not yet routine policy in the United Kingdom. After screening was implemented in Birmingham Women’s Hospital for the PulseOx study it was continued as routine practice and Amy Henderson and colleagues now report their experience with it from 2013 to 2019. There were 49 375 live births greater than 34 weeks gestation and 253 neonatal unit admissions because of a positive screen (0.5...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - April 20, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Stenson, B. J. Tags: Fantoms Source Type: research