Phenoage and longitudinal changes on transthoracic echocardiography in Alstr öm syndrome: a disease of accelerated ageing?
The objective is to explore whether AS is a disease of accelerated ageing and whether changes over time on echoc ardiography could reflect accelerated cardiac ageing. Cross-sectional measurement of Phenoage and retrospective analysis of serial echocardiography were performed between March 2012 and November 2022. The setting is a single national tertiary service jointly run by health service and patient charity . Forty-five adult patients aged over 16 years were included, 64% were male and 67% of White ethnicity. The median Phenoage was 48 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 35–72) in the 34 patients for whom this was calcu...
Source: AGE - October 2, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
The microarchitecture and chemical composition of the femur neck of senescent female rats after different physical training protocols
AbstractA sedentary lifestyle, coupled with a decrease in estrogen, impairs bone homeostasis, favoring to the development of osteopenia and osteoporosis, both recognized as risk factors for fractures. Here, we investigated the quality of the femur, particularly the femur neck region, and the ambulation performance of senescent rats subjected to three different physical training protocols during the periestropause period. Forty-eight female rats, 18 months of age, were subjected to a 120-day training period, three times a week. The rats were distributed into four groups: aerobic training (AT), strength training (ST), concur...
Source: AGE - September 30, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Changes in oral health during aging in a novel non-human primate model
In this study, we analyzed the oral health and microbiota of a short-lived non-human primate (i.e., marmoset), as a step towards establishing a surrogate for studying the changes that occur in oral health during human aging. We investigated the oral health of marmosets using cadaveric tissues in three different cohorts: young (aged ≤6 years), middle-aged, and older (>10 years) and assessed the gingival bacterial community using analyses of the V3 –V4 variable region of 16S rRNA gene. The oldest cohort had a significantly higher number of dental caries, increased dental attrition/erosion, and deeper periodontal pocke...
Source: AGE - September 29, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Cellular metabolic pathways of aging in dogs: could p53 and SIRT1 be at play?
AbstractAging and cancer seem to be closely associated, such that cancer is generally considered a disease of the elderly in both humans and dogs. Additionally, cancer is a metabolic shift in itself towards aerobic glycolysis. Larger dog breeds with shorter lifespans, and increased glycolytic cellular metabolic rates, die of cancer more often than smaller breeds. The tumor suppressor p53 factor is a key suppressor oncogene, and the p53 pathway arrests cellular proliferation and prevents DNA mutations from accumulating during cellular stress. The p53 pathway is also associated with the control of cellular metabolism to prev...
Source: AGE - September 28, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
The effect of COVID-19 vaccination status on all-cause mortality in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Hungary during the delta wave of the pandemic
AbstractThe high mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is effectively reduced by vaccination. However, the effect of vaccination on mortality among hospitalised patients is under-researched. Thus, we investigated the effect of a full primary or an additional booster vaccination on in-hospital mortality among patients hospitalised with COVID-19 during the delta wave of the pandemic. This retrospective cohort included all patients (n = 430) admitted with COVID-19 at Semmelweis University Department of Medicine and Oncology in 01/OCT/2021–15/DEC/2021. Logistic regression models were built with C...
Source: AGE - September 27, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Senescence, regulators of alternative splicing and effects of trametinib treatment in progeroid syndromes
This study suggests that senomorphic drugs such as trametinib could be a useful adjunct to therapy for pr ogeroid diseases. (Source: AGE)
Source: AGE - September 26, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Bleomycin-treated myoblasts undergo p21-associated cellular senescence and have severely impaired differentiation
In conclusion, bleomycin treatment provides a valid model of damage-induced senescence that was associated with elevated p21, reduced myoblast proliferation, and aberrant cell cycle kinetics, while confirming that a multi-marker approach is needed for the accurate classification of senescence within skeletal muscle. (Source: AGE)
Source: AGE - September 26, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Comparative analysis of the molecular and physiological consequences of constitutive SKN-1 activation
AbstractMolecular homeostats play essential roles across all levels of biological organization to ensure a return to normal function after responding to abnormal internal and environmental events. SKN-1 is an evolutionarily conserved cytoprotective transcription factor that is integral for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis upon exposure to a variety of stress conditions. Despite the essentiality of turning on SKN-1/NRF2 in response to exogenous and endogenous stress, animals with chronic activation of SKN-1 display premature loss of health with age, and ultimately, diminished lifespan. Previous genetic models of cons...
Source: AGE - September 26, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Induction of proteasomal activity in mammalian cells by lifespan-extending tRNA synthetase inhibitors
AbstractWe have recently shown that multiple tRNA synthetase inhibitors can greatly increase lifespan in multiple models by acting through the conserved transcription factor ATF4. Here, we show that these compounds, and several others of the same class, can greatly upregulate mammalian ATF4 in cells in vitro, in a dose dependent manner. Further, RNASeq analysis of these cells pointed toward changes in protein turnover. In subsequent experiments here we show that multiple tRNA synthetase inhibitors can greatly upregulate activity of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in cells in an ATF4-dependent manner. The UPS plays an...
Source: AGE - September 25, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Functional network disorganization and cognitive decline following fractionated whole-brain radiation in mice
AbstractCognitive dysfunction following radiotherapy (RT) is one of the most common complications associated with RT delivered to the brain, but the precise mechanisms behind this dysfunction are not well understood, and to date, there are no preventative measures or effective treatments. To improve patient outcomes, a better understanding of the effects of radiation on the brain ’s functional systems is required. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has shown promise in this regard, however, compared to neural activity, hemodynamic measures of brain function are slow and indirect. Understanding how RT acutely an...
Source: AGE - September 25, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Sex difference in brain functional connectivity of hippocampus in Alzheimer ’s disease
AbstractAlzheimer ’s disease (AD), affecting nearly 6.5 million people, is the fifth leading cause of death in individuals 65 years or older in the USA. Prior research has shown that AD disproportionality affects females; females have a greater incidence rate, perform worse on a variety of neuropsychological tasks , and have greater total brain atrophy. Recent research has linked these sex differences to neuroimaging markers of brain pathology, such as hippocampal volumes. Specifically, research from our lab found that functional connectivity from the hippocampus to the precuneus cortex and brain stem was sig nificantly...
Source: AGE - September 25, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
The effects of a new immersive multidomain training on cognitive, dual-task and physical functions in older adults
AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the potential of multidomain training using Immersive and Interactive Wall Exergames (I2WE) to improve the cognitive and physical functions of older adults. This new generation of exergames offers specific advantageous characteristics (e.g., immersion, virtual cognitive solicitation, high physical stimulation, complex motor skills, multiple social interactions) that could make I2WE an enjoyable multidomain training medium for older adults. A pilot study was set up with 34 participants (M = 69.91 years old). It used the pre-tests – training (3 months, 2 one-hour sessions ...
Source: AGE - September 25, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Sex differences in biological aging and the association with clinical measures in older adults
This study aimed to determine the correlations between epigenetic age acceleration (AA), and other markers of biological aging, separately in males and females. We additionally explored the extent to which these AA measures differed according to socioeconomic characteristics, clinical markers, and diseases. Epigenetic clocks (HorvathAge, HannumAge, PhenoAge, GrimAge, GrimAge2, and DunedinPACE) were estimated in blood from 560 relatively healthy Australians aged ≥ 70 years (females, 50.7%) enrolled in the ASPREE study. A system-wide deficit accumulation frailty index (FI) composed of 67 health-related measures was g...
Source: AGE - September 25, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Differential behavioral aging trajectories according to body size, expected lifespan, and head shape in dogs
We examined the effect of expected lifespan and three related factors (body size, head shape, and purebred status) on the age trajectory of various behavioral characteristics and the prevalence of canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD). Our findings reveal that, although age-related decline in most behavioral characteristics began around 10.5 years of age, the proportion of dogs considered “old” by their owners began to increase uniformly around 6 years of age. From the investigated factors, only body size had a systematic, although not gradual, impact on the aging trajectories of all behavioral characteristics. Dogs we...
Source: AGE - September 23, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Brain age prediction across the human lifespan using multimodal MRI data
AbstractMeasuring differences between an individual ’s age and biological age with biological information from the brain have the potential to provide biomarkers of clinically relevant neurological syndromes that arise later in human life. To explore the effect of multimodal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features on the prediction of brain age, we investigated how multimodal brain imaging data improved age prediction from more imaging features of structural or functional MRI data by using partial least squares regression (PLSR) and longevity data sets (age 6–85 years). First, we found that the age-predicted v...
Source: AGE - September 21, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
